This document provides an overview of the seed industry in Myanmar and recommendations for its development. It discusses how improved seeds have transformed agriculture by increasing productivity. The seed industry evolved from a public sector model to now include private companies. Challenges include a lack of quality assurance infrastructure and seed distribution systems. Recommendations are provided to address challenges through incentives for seed companies, protection of breeders' rights, and expansion of awareness programs to promote the seed industry in Myanmar.
Agronomy Practical on Estimation of Seed requirement and plant population of ...Drgajendrasinghtomar
Procedure and examples on calibration of seed requirement and calculation of plant population is presented by Dr.G.S.Tomar, Professor (Agronomy), IGAU, Raipur.
Contract Seed Production Program of the Dept. of Agriculture (DOA) Sri LankaExternalEvents
The study highlights Sri Lanka Country Profile, Climate & Agro - ecological regions. A National Seed Policy (NSP) as well as a Seed Multiplication Program of DOA is also discussed, The study shows the Locations of Basic & Certified
Seed Production, the Types of Certified Seed Produce under Contract as well as Contract Seed Production Procedure.Finally Problems Associated with Contract Program are also highlighted.
Agronomy Practical on Estimation of Seed requirement and plant population of ...Drgajendrasinghtomar
Procedure and examples on calibration of seed requirement and calculation of plant population is presented by Dr.G.S.Tomar, Professor (Agronomy), IGAU, Raipur.
Contract Seed Production Program of the Dept. of Agriculture (DOA) Sri LankaExternalEvents
The study highlights Sri Lanka Country Profile, Climate & Agro - ecological regions. A National Seed Policy (NSP) as well as a Seed Multiplication Program of DOA is also discussed, The study shows the Locations of Basic & Certified
Seed Production, the Types of Certified Seed Produce under Contract as well as Contract Seed Production Procedure.Finally Problems Associated with Contract Program are also highlighted.
National Program for organic Production NPOP certification in India. NPOP is APEDA Monitored certification program in India. APEDA monitors the implementation of National Program for Organic Production in India
There are enormous agribusiness opportunities for startups due to new consumer trends, exports business and business models; this session will provide for an overview of four such opportunities.
The climate resilient agriculture for rainfed and dryland farming is need of the hour. This discus the options of climate adapted agricultural technologies.
National Program for organic Production NPOP certification in India. NPOP is APEDA Monitored certification program in India. APEDA monitors the implementation of National Program for Organic Production in India
There are enormous agribusiness opportunities for startups due to new consumer trends, exports business and business models; this session will provide for an overview of four such opportunities.
The climate resilient agriculture for rainfed and dryland farming is need of the hour. This discus the options of climate adapted agricultural technologies.
Presented at the Pulses for Sustainable Agriculture and Human Health” on 31 May-1 June 2016 at NASC, New Delhi, India. The conference was jointly organised by the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), National Academy of Agricultural Sciences (NAAS), TCi of Cornell University (TCi-CU) and Agriculture Today.
DIFFERENT BETWEEN YANGON AND BANGKOK SUBSIDENCE STUDYMYO AUNG Myanmar
YANGON AND BANGKOK ARE DIFFERENT GEOLOGICAL PHENOMENAL SUBSIDENCE SIT ON DIFFERENT ROCK TYPE NOT BE CORRELATION SUBSIDENCE BETWEEN EACH OTHER
YANGON
Yangon sits on the southeast corner of Ayeyarwady Delta Basin, 35 km from the west of Sagaing fault and on the southern spur of NNW–SSE trending Bago anticlinal ridge. Yangon is mostly covered with alluvial deposits. Bago anticline
is threatening Yangon with seismic disturbances. This disturbance might not be a significant one but the movement along Sagaing fault that was believed to bring severe damage to buildings and loss of human lives in Bago and Yangon
in 1930 may have potential of causing a catastrophic earthquake in the future.The prevailing geological structures, along with surface geological condition,soil characteristics, and tectonic setting have made Yangon an earthquake prone area.
BANGKOK
Bangkok city, the capital of Thailand which has many engineering and environmental problems due to ground subsidence was selected as the main study object in this research study. The study included data collection, bore hole logging and investigations on some important underground
geotechnical parameters to prepare thickness maps, static water level maps, ground elevation and subsidence maps of Bangkok subsoil. Thickness of both fine grained compressible clay layers and that of coarse grained non compressible sand layers are highly varying from place to place and they
are highly deformed. Area of eastern Bangkok is affected by the highest ground subsidence and this area is underlain by the thickest portion of both first and second compressible clay layers. The lowest static water levels of upper most aquifers is also overlain by this area. The uppermost two compressible clay layers contribute more percentage for ground subsidence.
Financing in Transforming Potato Value Chain in Bangladesh: Policy Recommendations by K A S Murshid, DG, BIDS, Former Chairman, SMDF, and Dr. Kazi Iqbal, Research Fellow, BIDS
Broccoli's noteworthy nutrients include vitamin C, vitamin A (mostly as beta-carotene), folic acid, calcium, and fiber. While the calcium content of one serving doesn't equal that of a glass of milk, broccoli is an important calcium source for those who don't consume dairy products.
This presentation describe about solar agriculture sprayer and its befits over normal agriculture sprayer. You can get information about solar agriculture sprayer manufacturers, suppliers, exporters.
Presentation for the Stakeholders Consultation Workshop on "Cambodia Agriculture in Transition: Opportunities and Risks"; given on September 18, 2013 in Phnom Penh, Cambodia
“High value agriculture and market linkages in India” presented by Pratap S. Birthal, National Centre for Agricultural Economics and Policy Research (NCAP) and P. K. Joshi, IFPRI at the ReSAKSS-Asia Conference, Nov 14-16, 2011, in Kathmandu, Nepal.
Leveraging Technology for building efficient Agriculture Supply Chain .pptxDr. Ravindra Pastor
Technology in agriculture affects many areas of agriculture, such as fertilizers, pesticides, seed technology, etc. Biotechnology and genetic engineering have resulted in pest resistance and increased crop yields. Mechanization has led to efficient tilling, harvesting, and a reduction in manual labor. Irrigation methods and transportation systems have improved, processing machinery has reduced wastage, etc., and the effect is visible in all areas.
New-age technologies focus on robotics, precision agriculture, artificial intelligence, Machine Learning, blockchain technology, and more. Some technological advancements that have innovated agriculture:
Factors Influencing the Choice of Promotional Practices of Agricultural Equip...IOSR Journals
The purpose of this study is to identify the factors influencing the choice of promotional practices of agricultural equipment manufacturers and its influence on annual sales of agricultural equipments. The consumer focus, demand creation, exposure, familiarity, encouragement, reputation, existence and value creation are the factors determining the choice of promotional practices of agricultural equipments by the manufactures. Besides, the consumer focus, demand creation, familiarity, reputation and value creation are positively influencing the annual sales of agricultural equipments. The manufacturers should formulate the promotional measures not only attract the farmers and also dealers in order to increase the dealership and also sales. The manufacturers should create demand for their equipments through proper promotion mix strategies in order to make stakeholders familiar with their equipments and also keep their reputations.
Global markets, local value chains, production systems, and livelihoods of ca...Jonathan Newby
Throughout mainland Southeast Asia, cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) has become an important smallholder crop grown by millions of upland farmers. During the last decade, the area of cultivation has expanded rapidly to meet the growing global demand for carbohydrates in various applications. This includes a continuing expansion of both production and processing in Lao PDR. To help demystify the recent trends in the cassava market, we first highlight the connections between the cassava market and other global commodity markets. This demonstrates the need to understand global and regional value chains beyond the local context in which production and primary processing take place.
Research has generated an abundance of technologies that could enhance the productivity and sustainability of these cassava producers. Many of these have been developed with farmers using participatory evaluation methods. The challenge has been disseminating these technologies beyond a projects sphere of influence with adoption levels remaining very low. We hypothesise that, in particular contexts, private-sector value-chain actors have incentives to invest in the promotion of suitable varieties, fertiliser regimes, pest control, and other production practices. In other contexts, there is little incentive for private-sector involvement; and support and/or partnerships from public-sector or non-government actors will be required. As such, understanding the local production and value chain context is also critical to developing sustainable cassava value chains. We use agronomic trial results and value chain mapping to demonstrate the incentives for different cassava sector actor to work with smallholders to maintain and enhance their productivity in different production and market contexts.
Finally, we outline the future challenges facing smallholder farmers and other actors in the cassava sector. Previous research to understand global markets, value chains, production systems, and livelihoods will be critical inputs into the development and extension of new manage management practices and technical solutions to control the impacts of emerging cassava diseases in the region.
Harnessing the market first draft 14 06 16 corrAdul Ochieng
Agricultural sector development Support programme (ASDSP) transforming Kenya Agricultural sector through support to environmentally resilient and socially inclusive value chain development
National performance and plan for AI activities and servicesILRI
Presented by Demere F/Mariam at the IPMS Workshop on Alternatives for Improving Field AI Delivery System to Enhance Beef and Dairy Production in Ethiopia, ILRI, Addis Ababa, 24-25 August 2011
IFPRI-German Embassy Policy Seminar “Achieving Food Security in Africa South of the Sahara through Food Value Chains” on June 8, 2015. Presentation by Ephraim Nkonya, IFPRI.
Developing an African bio-resource based chemical industrySIANI
Presented at the workshop "Moving Africa Towards a Knowledge based Bio-economy: How can Sweden assist?" organised by the SIANI Bio-economy Expert Group. More at: http://www.siani.se/news/siani-bioeconomy-expert-group-business
Ouma - Technology adoption in banana-legume systems of Central AfricaCIALCA
Presentation delivered at the CIALCA international conference 'Challenges and Opportunities to the agricultural intensification of the humid highland systems of sub-Saharan Africa'. Kigali, Rwanda, October 24-27 2011.
Similar to The seed sector in Myanmar- Tin Maung Shwe and Tin Htut Oo (20)
The History of Cooking Oil Fortification in Indonesia: Government Support for the Program and Challenges by Idrus Jus’at, Senior Lecturer, Esa Unggul University, Indonesia. Presented at the ReSAKSS-Asia - MIID conference "Evolving Agrifood Systems in Asia: Achieving food and nutrition security by 2030" on Oct 30-31, 2019 in Yangon, Myanmar.
Food Fortification Policies in the Asia Region by Dennis Bittisnich, Food Fortification Initiative. Presented at the ReSAKSS-Asia - MIID conference "Evolving Agrifood Systems in Asia: Achieving food and nutrition security by 2030" on Oct 30-31, 2019 in Yangon, Myanmar.
Wheat and Cooking Oil/Ghee Fortification in Pakistan by Amna Ejaz, IFPRI- Pakistan. Presented at the ReSAKSS-Asia - MIID conference "Evolving Agrifood Systems in Asia: Achieving food and nutrition security by 2030" on Oct 30-31, 2019 in Yangon, Myanmar.
China's Food Safety regulatory system: Achievements, Challenges and Suggestions by Prof. Jiehong Zhou, Zhejiang University, China. Presented at the ReSAKSS-Asia - MIID conference "Evolving Agrifood Systems in Asia: Achieving food and nutrition security by 2030" on Oct 30-31, 2019 in Yangon, Myanmar.
Institutional and Governance Innovation in Thailand’s Food System: The Role of the Private Sector in Food Safety by Kamphol Pantakua and Natthida Wiwatwicha, TDRI. Presented at the ReSAKSS-Asia - MIID conference "Evolving Agrifood Systems in Asia: Achieving food and nutrition security by 2030" on Oct 30-31, 2019 in Yangon, Myanmar.
Compliance of Producers and Adoption of Consumers in the Case of Food Safety Practices: Cases from South Asia by Devesh Roy, Senior Research Fellow, IFPRI. Presented at the ReSAKSS-Asia - MIID conference "Evolving Agrifood Systems in Asia: Achieving food and nutrition security by 2030" on Oct 30-31, 2019 in Yangon, Myanmar.
Current Status of Agricultural Biotechnology in Thailand by Orachos Napasintuwong, Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics, Kasetsart University. Presented at the ReSAKSS-Asia - MIID conference "Evolving Agrifood Systems in Asia: Achieving food and nutrition security by 2030" on Oct 30-31, 2019 in Yangon, Myanmar.
Creating and Implementing Biosafety Regulations: The Philippine Experience by Carlo G. Custodio Jr., Philippines Country Coordinator, Program for Biosafety Systems. Presented at the ReSAKSS-Asia - MIID conference "Evolving Agrifood Systems in Asia: Achieving food and nutrition security by 2030" on Oct 30-31, 2019 in Yangon, Myanmar.
Making Vegetable Markets Work by Ye Htut, Grow Asia, Myanmar. Presented at the ReSAKSS-Asia - MIID conference "Evolving Agrifood Systems in Asia: Achieving food and nutrition security by 2030" on Oct 30-31, 2019 in Yangon, Myanmar.
Soybean Value Chains for Rural Development by Nimish Jhaveri, Winrock Myanmar. Presented at the ReSAKSS-Asia - MIID conference "Evolving Agrifood Systems in Asia: Achieving food and nutrition security by 2030" on Oct 30-31, 2019 in Yangon, Myanmar.
Findings from the Study on Nutrition-Sensitive Value Chains in the Feed the Future Zone of Influence in Tajikistan by Abduaziz Kasymov, Tajikistan. Presented at the ReSAKSS-Asia - MIID conference "Evolving Agrifood Systems in Asia: Achieving food and nutrition security by 2030" on Oct 30-31, 2019 in Yangon, Myanmar.
Farm Production, Market Access and Dietary Diversity in China’s Poor Rural Households: Evidence from a Panel Data by Kevin Chen, Senior Research Fellow, IFPRI- Beijing.
Presented at the ReSAKSS-Asia - MIID conference "Evolving Agrifood Systems in Asia: Achieving food and nutrition security by 2030" on Oct 30-31, 2019 in Yangon, Myanmar.
The Livestock Sector in India: Progress and Challenges by Vijay Sardana, Poultry Federation of India.
Presented at the ReSAKSS-Asia - MIID conference "Evolving Agrifood Systems in Asia: Achieving food and nutrition security by 2030" on Oct 30-31, 2019 in Yangon, Myanmar.
Production Diversity and Market Access for Predicting Animal-source Food Consumption by Jytoi Felix, Catholic Relief Services. Presented at the ReSAKSS-Asia - MIID conference "Evolving Agrifood Systems in Asia: Achieving food and nutrition security by 2030" on Oct 30-31, 2019 in Yangon, Myanmar.
The Quiet Revolution in Myanmar’s Aquaculture Value Chain by Ben Belton, Michigan State University. Presented at the ReSAKSS-Asia - MIID conference "Evolving Agrifood Systems in Asia: Achieving food and nutrition security by 2030" on Oct 30-31, 2019 in Yangon, Myanmar.
Does e-commerce Increase Food Consumption in Rural Areas? Evidence from China by Xiaobo Zhang, Senior Research Fellow, IFPRI.
Presented at the ReSAKSS-Asia - MIID conference "Evolving Agrifood Systems in Asia: Achieving food and nutrition security by 2030" on Oct 30-31, 2019 in Yangon, Myanmar.
Impacting at Scale: From .5% to + 40% by Grahame Dixie, Executive Director, Grow Asia.
Presented at the ReSAKSS-Asia - MIID conference "Evolving Agrifood Systems in Asia: Achieving food and nutrition security by 2030" on Oct 30-31, 2019 in Yangon, Myanmar.
Regulatory Cooperation in ASEAN Good Agricultural Practices by Catherine Frances J. Corpuz, Senior Program Officer, ASEAN-Australia Development Cooperation Program.
Presented at the ReSAKSS-Asia - MIID conference "Evolving Agrifood Systems in Asia: Achieving food and nutrition security by 2030" on Oct 30-31, 2019 in Yangon, Myanmar.
Traditional Versus Modern Milk Marketing Chains in India: Implications for Smallholder Dairy Farmers by Anjani Kumar, Research Fellow, IFPRI- Delhi.
Presented at the ReSAKSS-Asia - MIID conference "Evolving Agrifood Systems in Asia: Achieving food and nutrition security by 2030" on Oct 30-31, 2019 in Yangon, Myanmar.
Pakistan’s Multi-Sectoral Nutrition Strategy by Amna Ejaz, Research Analyst, IFPRI-Pakistan.
Presented at the ReSAKSS-Asia - MIID conference "Evolving Agrifood Systems in Asia: Achieving food and nutrition security by 2030" on Oct 30-31, 2019 in Yangon, Myanmar.
More from International Food Policy Research Institute (20)
VAT Registration Outlined In UAE: Benefits and Requirementsuae taxgpt
Vat Registration is a legal obligation for businesses meeting the threshold requirement, helping companies avoid fines and ramifications. Contact now!
https://viralsocialtrends.com/vat-registration-outlined-in-uae/
The world of search engine optimization (SEO) is buzzing with discussions after Google confirmed that around 2,500 leaked internal documents related to its Search feature are indeed authentic. The revelation has sparked significant concerns within the SEO community. The leaked documents were initially reported by SEO experts Rand Fishkin and Mike King, igniting widespread analysis and discourse. For More Info:- https://news.arihantwebtech.com/search-disrupted-googles-leaked-documents-rock-the-seo-world/
Unveiling the Secrets How Does Generative AI Work.pdfSam H
At its core, generative artificial intelligence relies on the concept of generative models, which serve as engines that churn out entirely new data resembling their training data. It is like a sculptor who has studied so many forms found in nature and then uses this knowledge to create sculptures from his imagination that have never been seen before anywhere else. If taken to cyberspace, gans work almost the same way.
Implicitly or explicitly all competing businesses employ a strategy to select a mix
of marketing resources. Formulating such competitive strategies fundamentally
involves recognizing relationships between elements of the marketing mix (e.g.,
price and product quality), as well as assessing competitive and market conditions
(i.e., industry structure in the language of economics).
Premium MEAN Stack Development Solutions for Modern BusinessesSynapseIndia
Stay ahead of the curve with our premium MEAN Stack Development Solutions. Our expert developers utilize MongoDB, Express.js, AngularJS, and Node.js to create modern and responsive web applications. Trust us for cutting-edge solutions that drive your business growth and success.
Know more: https://www.synapseindia.com/technology/mean-stack-development-company.html
Kseniya Leshchenko: Shared development support service model as the way to ma...Lviv Startup Club
Kseniya Leshchenko: Shared development support service model as the way to make small projects with small budgets profitable for the company (UA)
Kyiv PMDay 2024 Summer
Website – www.pmday.org
Youtube – https://www.youtube.com/startuplviv
FB – https://www.facebook.com/pmdayconference
Business Valuation Principles for EntrepreneursBen Wann
This insightful presentation is designed to equip entrepreneurs with the essential knowledge and tools needed to accurately value their businesses. Understanding business valuation is crucial for making informed decisions, whether you're seeking investment, planning to sell, or simply want to gauge your company's worth.
Personal Brand Statement:
As an Army veteran dedicated to lifelong learning, I bring a disciplined, strategic mindset to my pursuits. I am constantly expanding my knowledge to innovate and lead effectively. My journey is driven by a commitment to excellence, and to make a meaningful impact in the world.
"𝑩𝑬𝑮𝑼𝑵 𝑾𝑰𝑻𝑯 𝑻𝑱 𝑰𝑺 𝑯𝑨𝑳𝑭 𝑫𝑶𝑵𝑬"
𝐓𝐉 𝐂𝐨𝐦𝐬 (𝐓𝐉 𝐂𝐨𝐦𝐦𝐮𝐧𝐢𝐜𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧𝐬) is a professional event agency that includes experts in the event-organizing market in Vietnam, Korea, and ASEAN countries. We provide unlimited types of events from Music concerts, Fan meetings, and Culture festivals to Corporate events, Internal company events, Golf tournaments, MICE events, and Exhibitions.
𝐓𝐉 𝐂𝐨𝐦𝐬 provides unlimited package services including such as Event organizing, Event planning, Event production, Manpower, PR marketing, Design 2D/3D, VIP protocols, Interpreter agency, etc.
Sports events - Golf competitions/billiards competitions/company sports events: dynamic and challenging
⭐ 𝐅𝐞𝐚𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞𝐝 𝐩𝐫𝐨𝐣𝐞𝐜𝐭𝐬:
➢ 2024 BAEKHYUN [Lonsdaleite] IN HO CHI MINH
➢ SUPER JUNIOR-L.S.S. THE SHOW : Th3ee Guys in HO CHI MINH
➢FreenBecky 1st Fan Meeting in Vietnam
➢CHILDREN ART EXHIBITION 2024: BEYOND BARRIERS
➢ WOW K-Music Festival 2023
➢ Winner [CROSS] Tour in HCM
➢ Super Show 9 in HCM with Super Junior
➢ HCMC - Gyeongsangbuk-do Culture and Tourism Festival
➢ Korean Vietnam Partnership - Fair with LG
➢ Korean President visits Samsung Electronics R&D Center
➢ Vietnam Food Expo with Lotte Wellfood
"𝐄𝐯𝐞𝐫𝐲 𝐞𝐯𝐞𝐧𝐭 𝐢𝐬 𝐚 𝐬𝐭𝐨𝐫𝐲, 𝐚 𝐬𝐩𝐞𝐜𝐢𝐚𝐥 𝐣𝐨𝐮𝐫𝐧𝐞𝐲. 𝐖𝐞 𝐚𝐥𝐰𝐚𝐲𝐬 𝐛𝐞𝐥𝐢𝐞𝐯𝐞 𝐭𝐡𝐚𝐭 𝐬𝐡𝐨𝐫𝐭𝐥𝐲 𝐲𝐨𝐮 𝐰𝐢𝐥𝐥 𝐛𝐞 𝐚 𝐩𝐚𝐫𝐭 𝐨𝐟 𝐨𝐮𝐫 𝐬𝐭𝐨𝐫𝐢𝐞𝐬."
Digital Transformation and IT Strategy Toolkit and TemplatesAurelien Domont, MBA
This Digital Transformation and IT Strategy Toolkit was created by ex-McKinsey, Deloitte and BCG Management Consultants, after more than 5,000 hours of work. It is considered the world's best & most comprehensive Digital Transformation and IT Strategy Toolkit. It includes all the Frameworks, Best Practices & Templates required to successfully undertake the Digital Transformation of your organization and define a robust IT Strategy.
Editable Toolkit to help you reuse our content: 700 Powerpoint slides | 35 Excel sheets | 84 minutes of Video training
This PowerPoint presentation is only a small preview of our Toolkits. For more details, visit www.domontconsulting.com
Memorandum Of Association Constitution of Company.pptseri bangash
www.seribangash.com
A Memorandum of Association (MOA) is a legal document that outlines the fundamental principles and objectives upon which a company operates. It serves as the company's charter or constitution and defines the scope of its activities. Here's a detailed note on the MOA:
Contents of Memorandum of Association:
Name Clause: This clause states the name of the company, which should end with words like "Limited" or "Ltd." for a public limited company and "Private Limited" or "Pvt. Ltd." for a private limited company.
https://seribangash.com/article-of-association-is-legal-doc-of-company/
Registered Office Clause: It specifies the location where the company's registered office is situated. This office is where all official communications and notices are sent.
Objective Clause: This clause delineates the main objectives for which the company is formed. It's important to define these objectives clearly, as the company cannot undertake activities beyond those mentioned in this clause.
www.seribangash.com
Liability Clause: It outlines the extent of liability of the company's members. In the case of companies limited by shares, the liability of members is limited to the amount unpaid on their shares. For companies limited by guarantee, members' liability is limited to the amount they undertake to contribute if the company is wound up.
https://seribangash.com/promotors-is-person-conceived-formation-company/
Capital Clause: This clause specifies the authorized capital of the company, i.e., the maximum amount of share capital the company is authorized to issue. It also mentions the division of this capital into shares and their respective nominal value.
Association Clause: It simply states that the subscribers wish to form a company and agree to become members of it, in accordance with the terms of the MOA.
Importance of Memorandum of Association:
Legal Requirement: The MOA is a legal requirement for the formation of a company. It must be filed with the Registrar of Companies during the incorporation process.
Constitutional Document: It serves as the company's constitutional document, defining its scope, powers, and limitations.
Protection of Members: It protects the interests of the company's members by clearly defining the objectives and limiting their liability.
External Communication: It provides clarity to external parties, such as investors, creditors, and regulatory authorities, regarding the company's objectives and powers.
https://seribangash.com/difference-public-and-private-company-law/
Binding Authority: The company and its members are bound by the provisions of the MOA. Any action taken beyond its scope may be considered ultra vires (beyond the powers) of the company and therefore void.
Amendment of MOA:
While the MOA lays down the company's fundamental principles, it is not entirely immutable. It can be amended, but only under specific circumstances and in compliance with legal procedures. Amendments typically require shareholder
Memorandum Of Association Constitution of Company.ppt
The seed sector in Myanmar- Tin Maung Shwe and Tin Htut Oo
1. POSITION PAPER ON THE SEED INDUSTRY
Role of Seed in Transforming of Agriculture in
Myanmar
Tin Htut Oo and Tin Maung Shwe
September, 2013
Siam reap, Cambodia
2. Outline of the presentation
Rationale
Background and Evolution of Seed Industry
Role of Improved Seed in Agriculture
Law , Regulation and Institutional Bodies
Seed Industry engaged by private seed enterprises
Value chain of seed industry in Myanmar
Challenges in Development of Seed Sector
• Future Pathways with Recommendations
4. Rationale
Diverse agro-ecological condition
Strategic position of geographical condition
Natural resource potential to become creditable
global food supplier
Attaining these potential, Myanmar needs to
enhance food crops productivity and
competitiveness
Towards increased productivity and
competitiveness, quality seed production and
competitive seed industry are key elements
5. Background and Evolution of Seed Industry
Before 1966, Indigenous paddy varieties were selected and multiplied at seed farms and
distributed seeds to farmers through state extension agents (over 1 million metric ton of certified
seed distributed in 1962-63)
Selection method used in oilseeds cotton, pulses and sugarcane varieties and yield trials of some
imported improved varieties
Before 1977, most farmers grew mostly indigenous crop varieties, locally available through
exchange among them.
Stagnant rice production with increasing population resulted decrease in rice surplus.
Whole Township Paddy Production Program launched in 1977-78 at selected 82 townships located
in Ayeyarwaddy, Bago, Yangon Mandalay and Sagaing Regions, covering 2.5 million ha of paddy
launching summer paddy program in1992-1993 (HYV paddy seeds were multiplied in state seed
farms and distributed to farmers)
Collaboration with international research institutions in varietal improvement research, exchange
of germplasm, establishment of seed bank in 1987
Outcome of improved varieties: Hybrid corn, hybrid sunflower, Mutant paddy , GM cotton
Formal seed flow and informal seed flow
Public sector to Public-Private Partnership and Private-Private Partnership in seed production
, distribution and marketing
6. Role of Improved Seed in Agriculture
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Percent
Area covered by HYV (%)
7. Introduction of Summer Paddy and Paddy
Production
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
Production(milMT)
RiceSownArea(milha)
Year
Summer paddy Prod (mil MT)
8. Sown Area and Yield of Cotton
(GM seed in 2007-08)
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
MT/Ha
Thousadhectare
Sown area Yield
9. Law and Regulation for seed sector development
No Title of Law or
Regulation
Scope of Law or
Regulation
Responsible
Agency
Status
1. Plant Pest
Quarantine Law
To prevent
quarantine pest
entering into
Myanmar
DoA, MOAI Enacted in1993
2. The Seed Law To produce crop
with quality seed
and to carry out
seed business
systematically
DoA, MOAI Enacted in 2011
3. Farm Land Law Liberalization land
use right to be
mortgaged, sold,
rent, transferred
and inherited
SLRD, MOAI Enacted in 2012
5. Law on Bio safety To manage safety
of seeds and plant
parts
MOAI Drafted
6. Plant Varietal
Protection Law
To protect
breeder’s right
DAR, MOAI Drafted
10. Value Chain of Seed Industry in Myanmar
FARMERSCONTACT FARMERS PRIVATE COMPANIES
DAR
DOA
Breeder Seed
Foundation Seed
Register Seed
Certified Seed
Imported Hybrid Seeds
Value Chain
Seed Production
Seed Distribution
11. Seed Industry engaged by private seed
enterprises
Ten Rice Specialized Companies produced 2000 MT of certified paddy
seeds in 2012 through contract farming arrangement between Co. and
farmers
Some local & foreign seed companies. are producing hybrid seed of
paddy, corn and vegetables by support of MOAI
C P Company Hybrid Corn
Known You Seed Company Melons, Cucumber
Malar Myaing Vegetables Seeds
Small Private Individuals Vegetables Seeds
Myat Min Rice
East-West Seed Company Vegetable seeds (bitter
gourd, cucumber, chili,
tomato)
Geniune Seeds company Vegetable seeds
(Thailand)
12. Perspective from Demand and Supply Sides for
low use of Certified Seed
Low Use of Certified Seed
Awareness
and
Knowledge
Price and
Affordability
Access to
Market
Quality
Assurance
Clear
Benefits
from Use
DEMAND
Under
funded
Research
Under
funded
Extension
Infrastructure
production, pr
ocessing, stor
age
Capacity
growers, te
chnicians, r
esearchers
Incentives
for growers
and
companies
SUPPLY
13. Challenges in Development of Seed Industry
Production and distribution of certified seed in official
(formal) system is not functioning well lack of systematic
distribution system
Inadequate and unskilled staff in technical support,
management and monitoring
Awareness of farmers on quality seed is low and lack of
established seed market to sell their products
Limited quantity of quality seed supplied by state seed farms
to farmers’ need and inadequate extension staff
Insufficient seed processing and seed testing facilities
There are difficulties in seed import and export due to lack of
SPS and quarantine agreement functioning yet even it allows
2 years grace period
PVP for breeder right is still under drafting
15. Future Parth way with Recommendations
15
Consistency of FDI with Seed law and Land law
Incentives to seed growers and seed company
tax incentives but time bound with exit strategy
Incentive to seed growers
Arrange local seed reserves (through proper storage facilities)
Protection of breeders’ right (PVP to be expedited for approval)
Affordable but market driven prices for quality seeds
Lessons learned from ASEAN neighbors
Awareness program to be expanded to reach farmers and private
business
Revitalize development of cooperatives or seed business
associations
Rural financing mechanisms (link with storage and pricing during
peak and slack seasons)
16. POLICY INVESTMENT INSTITUTIONS
Short
Term
(1-2 years)
a. Seed Policy
b. Rice Policy
c. Trade Policy
a. Seed farm
infrastructure
b. Processing
a. Membership of
UPOV
Medium
Term
(1-5 years)
a. Laboratories a. Seed associations
b. Quality assurance
Long
Term
(1-10
years)
a. Extension
b. Research
a. Coordination
mechanisms
b. Market information
The urgent tasks are those related to formulation of policy and allocation of resources for implementation of plans. Specific investments will be carried out over the first 5 years of the plan whereas institutional development will occur up to the long term.