This document provides an overview of frontotemporal dementia (FTD) including its causes, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management options. It discusses that FTD is caused by protein misfolding and accumulation in the brain. There are three main clinical variants - behavioral variant FTD, semantic dementia, and progressive nonfluent aphasia. Diagnosis involves ruling out other causes and may include brain imaging. Treatment focuses on managing symptoms but medications have limited effectiveness. Caregiver burden can be high due to patient behaviors, so support groups are recommended.
The association of neuropsychiatric disorders with cerebrovascular disease has been recognized by clinicians for over 100 years. Disease of the vascular system contribute greatly to the sum total of psychiatric disability, chiefly in the elderly population, mainly as a result of stroke, cerebrovascular accidents & subarachnoid haemorrhage.
The association of neuropsychiatric disorders with cerebrovascular disease has been recognized by clinicians for over 100 years. Disease of the vascular system contribute greatly to the sum total of psychiatric disability, chiefly in the elderly population, mainly as a result of stroke, cerebrovascular accidents & subarachnoid haemorrhage.
Aging is associated with cognitive decline, and older subjects can have demonstrable cognitive impairment without crossing the threshold for dementia.
This condition has been termed “mild cognitive impairment” (MCI), and these patients have an increased risk of developing dementia, especially Alzheimer disease (AD).
Studies conducted in referral clinics have shown that patients with MCI progress to AD at a rate of 10% to 15% per year, and 80% of these patients have converted to AD after approximately 6 years of follow-up.
The identification and classification of MCI can be a major challenge.
This ppt describes various movement disorders found commonly in elderly persons. It also describes hyper and hypokinetic disorder categorization with cause and pathophysiology of movement disorders.
In the documentary Planning for Hope: Living with Frontotemporal Disease and on the pages of the Planning for Hope website, you can learn more about this disease, its impact, and sources of hope for victims and their families. Although there are hundreds of thousands FTD victims in the United States alone, they tend to live in different areas and have limited opportunities to share with other FTD victims.
To learn more about FTD and order the Planning for Hope DVD, go to http://ftdplanningforhope.com/.
Aging is associated with cognitive decline, and older subjects can have demonstrable cognitive impairment without crossing the threshold for dementia.
This condition has been termed “mild cognitive impairment” (MCI), and these patients have an increased risk of developing dementia, especially Alzheimer disease (AD).
Studies conducted in referral clinics have shown that patients with MCI progress to AD at a rate of 10% to 15% per year, and 80% of these patients have converted to AD after approximately 6 years of follow-up.
The identification and classification of MCI can be a major challenge.
This ppt describes various movement disorders found commonly in elderly persons. It also describes hyper and hypokinetic disorder categorization with cause and pathophysiology of movement disorders.
In the documentary Planning for Hope: Living with Frontotemporal Disease and on the pages of the Planning for Hope website, you can learn more about this disease, its impact, and sources of hope for victims and their families. Although there are hundreds of thousands FTD victims in the United States alone, they tend to live in different areas and have limited opportunities to share with other FTD victims.
To learn more about FTD and order the Planning for Hope DVD, go to http://ftdplanningforhope.com/.
Presentation made by Christian Haas at the Alzforum webinar of July 8, 2014 - http://www.alzforum.org/webinars/mutations-impair-trem2-maturation-processing-and-microglial-phagocytosis
Advances in Management of Parkinson's DiseaseSultana Shaikh
Parkinson's disease [PD] is one of the most common neurodegenerative disorders. There have been significant recent advances in the understanding of the pathogenesis of the disease. There has also been a greater realization that the disorder may be associated with significant non-motor disturbances in addition to the more commonly recognized motor complications. There are many drugs like levodopa and carbidopa, ropinirole, pramipexole, rotigotine etc. and some MAO-B INHIBITOR like selegiline and rasagiline which are used in treatment of Parkinson’s disease. Some COMT INHIBITOR
and others drugs are also available and some herbs like turmeric, ginger, garlic etc. provides temporary relief from Parkinson’s disease. There are two vaccines which are under development for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease.
An introduction to the biology and neurophysiology of human speech. The target audience is researchers and engineers working on speech recognition technology.
Presentation made by Drs. Charles Driscoll and Ms. Angela Taylor at the live webinar hosted by AlzPossible on the 29th of May, 2014. See recording at http://www.alzpossible.org/wordpress-3.1.4/wordpress/webinars-2/dementia-with-lewy-bodies/
Already the leading cause of disability in the US, shocking new information shows incidents of ischemic stroke increasing more than 50% in children from 5 to 14 years old since 1995. In younger patients (under 45 years old) there have been similar leaps among all types of stroke. Despite these increases many of victims go undiagnosed due the mindset that they are simply “too young for stroke”. This program improves our understanding, awareness, assessment, care and coordination to help EMS provide better outcomes for all victims of cerebrovascular accidents. In this session we explain the startling reasons behind these dramatic numbers, what EMS can do about them and the diagnostic approach that catches what others often miss in newborns, very young children and younger victims of stroke.
www.RESCUEDIGEST.com
www.ROMDUCK.com
Pharmacotherapies for parkinsons diseaseBrian Piper
This seminar was delivered to 2nd year pharmacy students as part of 2 lectures for a pharmacology & toxicology class. This material accompanies Goodman & Gilman's (12e) chapter 22.
Recomendações da OMS sobre cuidados maternos e neonatais para uma experiência pós-natal positiva.
Em consonância com os ODS – Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável e a Estratégia Global para a Saúde das Mulheres, Crianças e Adolescentes, e aplicando uma abordagem baseada nos direitos humanos, os esforços de cuidados pós-natais devem expandir-se para além da cobertura e da simples sobrevivência, de modo a incluir cuidados de qualidade.
Estas diretrizes visam melhorar a qualidade dos cuidados pós-natais essenciais e de rotina prestados às mulheres e aos recém-nascidos, com o objetivo final de melhorar a saúde e o bem-estar materno e neonatal.
Uma “experiência pós-natal positiva” é um resultado importante para todas as mulheres que dão à luz e para os seus recém-nascidos, estabelecendo as bases para a melhoria da saúde e do bem-estar a curto e longo prazo. Uma experiência pós-natal positiva é definida como aquela em que as mulheres, pessoas que gestam, os recém-nascidos, os casais, os pais, os cuidadores e as famílias recebem informação consistente, garantia e apoio de profissionais de saúde motivados; e onde um sistema de saúde flexível e com recursos reconheça as necessidades das mulheres e dos bebês e respeite o seu contexto cultural.
Estas diretrizes consolidadas apresentam algumas recomendações novas e já bem fundamentadas sobre cuidados pós-natais de rotina para mulheres e neonatos que recebem cuidados no pós-parto em unidades de saúde ou na comunidade, independentemente dos recursos disponíveis.
É fornecido um conjunto abrangente de recomendações para cuidados durante o período puerperal, com ênfase nos cuidados essenciais que todas as mulheres e recém-nascidos devem receber, e com a devida atenção à qualidade dos cuidados; isto é, a entrega e a experiência do cuidado recebido. Estas diretrizes atualizam e ampliam as recomendações da OMS de 2014 sobre cuidados pós-natais da mãe e do recém-nascido e complementam as atuais diretrizes da OMS sobre a gestão de complicações pós-natais.
O estabelecimento da amamentação e o manejo das principais intercorrências é contemplada.
Recomendamos muito.
Vamos discutir essas recomendações no nosso curso de pós-graduação em Aleitamento no Instituto Ciclos.
Esta publicação só está disponível em inglês até o momento.
Prof. Marcus Renato de Carvalho
www.agostodourado.com
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
New Drug Discovery and Development .....NEHA GUPTA
The "New Drug Discovery and Development" process involves the identification, design, testing, and manufacturing of novel pharmaceutical compounds with the aim of introducing new and improved treatments for various medical conditions. This comprehensive endeavor encompasses various stages, including target identification, preclinical studies, clinical trials, regulatory approval, and post-market surveillance. It involves multidisciplinary collaboration among scientists, researchers, clinicians, regulatory experts, and pharmaceutical companies to bring innovative therapies to market and address unmet medical needs.
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We specializes in exporting high quality Research chemical, medical intermediate, Pharmaceutical chemicals and so on. Products are exported to USA, Canada, France, Korea, Japan,Russia, Southeast Asia and other countries.
Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
Acute scrotum is a general term referring to an emergency condition affecting the contents or the wall of the scrotum.
There are a number of conditions that present acutely, predominantly with pain and/or swelling
A careful and detailed history and examination, and in some cases, investigations allow differentiation between these diagnoses. A prompt diagnosis is essential as the patient may require urgent surgical intervention
Testicular torsion refers to twisting of the spermatic cord, causing ischaemia of the testicle.
Testicular torsion results from inadequate fixation of the testis to the tunica vaginalis producing ischemia from reduced arterial inflow and venous outflow obstruction.
The prevalence of testicular torsion in adult patients hospitalized with acute scrotal pain is approximately 25 to 50 percent
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
Pulmonary Thromboembolism - etilogy, types, medical- Surgical and nursing man...VarunMahajani
Disruption of blood supply to lung alveoli due to blockage of one or more pulmonary blood vessels is called as Pulmonary thromboembolism. In this presentation we will discuss its causes, types and its management in depth.
Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
3. Objectives
1. Provide an overview of the cause underlying
frontotemporal dementia (FTD)
2. Provide an overview of the clinical symptoms
and diagnosis of FTD
3. Explore caregiver burdens of caring for
individuals with FTD and subsequent
management options
5. Neurodegenerative Dementias
Protein Misfolding Disorders (PMD)
Disease
Protein
Alzheimer’s disease
A-beta (plaques)
Phosphorylated tau (tangles)
Parkinson’s disease
Alpha-synuclein (Lewy bodies)
Prion disease
Prion protein
Frontotemporal dementias
Various
- Phosphorylated tau
- Ubiquinated inclusions
(TDP-43)
6. PMD Origins
Root Causes
Example
Overproduction of proteins
Trisomy 21, AD
Inefficient protein metabolism
Presenilin mutations in AD
Impaired protein clearance
Tauopathies-impaired transport
Neurotoxicity
Protein oligomers in most PMD
Exictotoxicity
“Working overtime”-glutamate toxicity
Unfolded protein response
Stop making the normal proteins
AD=Alzheimer’s disease; PMD=protein misfolding disorders
10. Causes
• Sporadic
• Familial (~25%)
• Environmental Risk Factors (?)
– Traumatic brain injury
– Pathology of chronic traumatic encephalopathy is
similar to FTD with some important differences
15. Frontotemporal Dementia
• Mean age of onset: 55-65 years-of-age
• Male>Female
• Prominent frontal lobe symptoms
– Disinhibition
– Poor insight/judgment
– Loss of social graces
– Perseverative behaviors
– Apathy
16. FTD Case Study
• 58 y.o. AAM attorney with h/o dyslexia with
a 2 yr h/o cognitive decline and personality
change
• Distracted, poor concentration, low
mood, fatigued
• Only reads comic books and watches
cartoons, often the same ones repeatedly
17. Exam
General: Asked to leave room several times to
walk around. Buccal stereotypies (i.e.,
blowing)
Speech: Sparse, poverty of content
Affect: Flat, no brightening
MMSE: 19/30
Brain MRI: Mild generalized atrophy
20. Primary Progressive Aphasia
•
•
•
•
•
Progressive non-fluent aphasia
Decreased speech output
Speech apraxia
Changes in grammar use
Neuropathology is often progressive
supranuclear palsy or corticobasal
degeneration
Josephs KA, Brain 2006
21. PPA Case Study
•
•
•
•
•
•
60 y.o. WM with no past neuropsych hx
Initial complaint is stuttering/stammering
Phonemic paraphrasic errors on exam
MoCA=28/30
“f”=2 words, “animals”=18
At next visit, has complaints of poor
concentration and distractibility
23. Semantic Dementia Case Study
• 77 y.o. WF with a 2 year history of “losing
words”
• Initial symptom was forgetting the essence of
and word for “furnace filter”
• Calls everyone “honey-child”
• More frontal behaviors/personality changes
• Obsessed with puzzles
24. Exam
Speech: fluent, but lacks content and is vague
with generalization of word usage
Verbal fluency: “f”=12 words, “animals”=1
Behaviors: Some perseverative picking
Memory and visuospatial skills were completely
intact
25. Progressive Supranuclear Palsy
Case Study
• 60 y.o. WF with h/o rheumatic
fever, GERD, vit D def, osteopenia, and
liver/brain hemangiomas
• 1 yr h/o progressive strabismus with
diplopia (repaired with return 1 mo
later), parkinsonism, dysarthria, and shortterm amnesia, fatigue, anxiety, panic
attacks
27. Cortical Basal Degeneration
Case Study
• 50 y.o. female from Spain with 4 yr h/o
gradual executive dysfxn, short-term
amnesia, progressive non-fluent aphasia,
parkinsonism, and myoclonus
• Paces frequently, apathetic, crying when
frustrated, seen responding to internal
stimuli, and sometimes thinks others are
stealing from her
28. Exam (1/2)
Gait: slow, shuffling, leans to left
Speech: Effortful, paraphrasic errors
MMSE: 5/30
3MS: 17/100
Clock: 1/5
UPDRS II: 44
• Myoclonus with speech and action
• Left-sided neglect, finger agnosia
33. Memantine
• Increases brain FDG-PET metabolism in FTD
and SD (Chow 2011, 2012)
• No improvement in behavior/cognition (DiehlSchmid 2008, Vercelletto 2011)
• Transient improvement in neuropsych
symptoms in FTD and PPA (Swanberg 2007, Boxer 2009)
• Large double-blind, RCT, no effects (Boxer A, Lancet
Neurol 2013)
34. Antipsychotics
• Often used because of behavioral symptoms
• Mounting evidence of hypersensitivity to EPS
in FTD (Mendez 2001, Pijnenburg 2003, Czarnecki 2008)
• Think of overlap of FTLD with “Parkinson’sPlus” disorders
44. Recommendations
• FTD-specific support group
• “What if it isn’t Alzheimer’s?” by Lisa Radin
• At least ½ day per week of personal time for
caregivers
• Speak to children early and often
• Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI)
Compassionate Allowances (“fast track”)
45. Resources
• Alzheimer’s Association (www.alz.org)
• Association for Frontotemporal Dementia
(AFTD) (www.theaftd.org)
• FTD specific support groups (Alz Assoc/AFTD)
(Columbus, Akron, Cleveland)
