The document summarizes the political, economic, religious, and social reasons for the establishment of the 13 British colonies in North America. It discusses how colonies like Connecticut and Rhode Island established more democratic and representative forms of self-government. It also describes how religious dissenters like Roger Williams founded the colony of Rhode Island to have freedom of religion and separation of church and state. The colonies pursued economic opportunities from natural resources and provided relief for the unemployed or indebted in Europe.

1. The 13 British Colonies
POLITICAL
ECONOMIC
RELIGIOUS
SOCIAL
Colony: settlement created by a
country in an area far away from
that country. Each colony must
have a CHARTER from the King.

2. POLITICAL
• People wanted more independence
• King had total power
• SELF-GOVERNMENT in the colonies
• Colonies:
– Connecticut: Fundamental Orders of
Connecticut
– Rhode Island: Separation of religion and
government
– Pennsylvania: more democratic

3. Thomas Hooker and
Connecticut
• In 1636, Thomas Hooker and
followers settle in
Connecticut.
• The Fundamental Orders of
Connecticut - made the
settlement more
democratic.
– Non-members could vote
• Called the Father of
American Democracy.

4. Roger Williams and Rhode Island
• Forced out of
Massachusetts because
he believed in:
– Freedom of religion
– Separation of religion
and the government
– Native Americans were
not treated fairly
• Williams established the
Colony of Rhode Island

5. ECONOMIC
• Natural resources and raw materials for mother
country
• Merchants wanted wealth
• Many in Europe are unemployed
• Farmers wanted land
• Relief from debt
• Colonies
– Virginia: Jamestown and Tobacco
– North and South Carolina
– Georgia: debtors colony

6. RELIGIOUS
• Escape from religious persecution
• Allow religious tolerance
• Opportunity to worship freely
• Colonies:
– Massachusetts: Plymouth and the Pilgrims
– Rhode Island: Anne Hutchison
– Connecticut: Separation of Church and Government
– Maryland: Lord Baltimore and Catholics

7. SOCIAL
• Opportunity to change social class
• More opportunity for large families
• Indentured Servants
• Diversity (differences) of the Colonists especially in the Middle
Colonies.
• Population growing in other colonies - Expansion
• Colonies:
– Pennsylvania: William Penn and the Quakers
– New York
– New Hampshire

8. William Penn and Pennsylvania
• A Quaker from
England
• He established
democratic self-government
• Religious
Tolerance