The document discusses the exploration and colonization of the New World by Spain and England in the 1500s-1600s. It summarizes that Spain's colonization in the 1500s was driven by desires for gold, glory, and spreading Christianity, leading Columbus to discover the Americas in 1492. England's colonization began in the 1600s after defeating Spain's Armada in 1588, with the first permanent English colony being Jamestown, Virginia in 1607. The colonies that developed had different economies, societies, and levels of religious freedom depending on their location.

3. GOLD : Desire to find a trade route to India/Southeast Asia to break the Italian/Arab monopoly on the spice trade

4. Age of Discovery

5. http://www.ucalgary.ca/applied_history/tutor/eurvoya/vasco.html

6. GLORY : The desire for adventure, born out of the Renaissance

7. GOD : The desire to convert native “heathens” to Christianity

14. THE FIRST COLONIES

15. First attempt at colonization : Sir Walter Raleigh, The Lost Colony, in 1587

16. First permanent colony: Jamestown, VA 1607

17. It would not be until 1733 when all 13 English Colonies were established

19. Colony – a group of people in one place who are ruled by a parent country elsewhere

23. Agriculture was the primary economic activity in the southern colonies.

24. Farmers specialized in raising a single cash crop (grown for sale rather than farmer’s use)

25. Indentured servants (agreed to work for planters in the colonies in exchange for passage to America)  early members of the colonial workforce.

26. African slaves eventually became the primary source of plantation labor.

27. Wealthy planters dominated the South’s economic, social, and political life.

28. Women could not vote or own property . However, they were valuable sources of labor on farms and plantations.

29. Indentured servants had few rights while in bondage, and faced hardships afterward

30. Slaves were treated as property and forced to work for life without pay .

33. Jamestown survived because of TOBACCO

34. The House of Burgesses (1619) – 22 men met w/ governor to advise him; the beginnings of colonial self-government

35. The House of Burgesses was the first representative body in the New World

36. The House of Burgesses is an example of representative democracy (Indirect democracy)

37. Historic Charleston, SC

39. Remember: Maryland was a haven for CATHOLICS (land of Queen Mary)

43. Pilgrims landed in Plymouth Rock, MA in 1620

45. Plymouth was the second permanent colony in the New World

46. Plymouth colony recreated

47. The Mayflower Compact

48. Signing of the Mayflower Compact

49. The Mayflower Compact established that the 41 men would make the laws for the community

50. The Mayflower Compact established a direct democracy

51. The legacy of the Mayflower Compact in New England is town hall meetings

53. The Puritans

55. The Fundamental Orders of Connecticut: First Colonial Constitution (1639)

56. A diversified economy developed in New England. Rocky soil and cold temperatures limited farming .

57. Good harbors led to shipbuilding , fishing , and iron production (major industries) Industries  growth of cities  problems (sanitation, overcrowding, etc)

58. Merchants and business owners were the most powerful members of society.

59. The absence of large-scale agriculture meant fewer slaves were brought to the North Free blacks were common, but enjoyed fewer rights than whites

60. Less tolerant due to Puritan influence

66. The colonists had no separate identity (the development of an “American” identity will come later)