The document summarizes Texas independence and annexation by the United States. It describes how American settlers began migrating to Mexican land in the southwest US in 1821. By 1830 there were 7,000 Americans in Texas, alarming Mexico which tried to restrict further immigration. This led to American-Texan revolts and the Battle of the Alamo in 1836, after which Texas declared independence as the Republic of Texas. Texas was annexed by the United States in 1845, angering Mexico.

1. Texas Expansion,Texas Expansion,
Independence &Independence &
AnnexationAnnexation

2. Texas IndependenceTexas Independence
 Mexico wins independence from Spain in 1821Mexico wins independence from Spain in 1821
with signing of Treaty of Cordobawith signing of Treaty of Cordoba
 Mexican land won is present day southwest USMexican land won is present day southwest US
(CA, AZ, NV, NM, TX)(CA, AZ, NV, NM, TX)
 1821 American settlers begin to migrate on1821 American settlers begin to migrate on
Sante Fe Trail (trade route)Sante Fe Trail (trade route)
 Mostly migrate to Sante Fe, NM and TexasMostly migrate to Sante Fe, NM and Texas
 Mexico, benefits from US tradeMexico, benefits from US trade
 Offers cheap land, tax breaks and protection toOffers cheap land, tax breaks and protection to
settlers who come to Texas to livesettlers who come to Texas to live

4. Texas IndependenceTexas Independence
 By 1830, there are 7,000 Americans in TexasBy 1830, there are 7,000 Americans in Texas
 More than twice the amount of Mexicans in the areaMore than twice the amount of Mexicans in the area
 Concerned, Mexico closes its borders, declaresConcerned, Mexico closes its borders, declares
no more immigration into Texas (kinda ironic)no more immigration into Texas (kinda ironic)
 American settlers disregard the decree & illegallyAmerican settlers disregard the decree & illegally
cross border into Texascross border into Texas
 By 1835, more than 30,000 Americans in TexasBy 1835, more than 30,000 Americans in Texas

6. Texas IndependenceTexas Independence
 American-Texans want freedom from Mexico,American-Texans want freedom from Mexico,
revolt against governmentrevolt against government
 Sam Houston- American Commander in ChiefSam Houston- American Commander in Chief
 Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna, Mexican GeneralAntonio Lopez de Santa Anna, Mexican General
 Battles ensueBattles ensue
 Battle of the AlamoBattle of the Alamo
 Texans led by William Travis & James Bowie, holedTexans led by William Travis & James Bowie, holed
up in Alamoup in Alamo
 13 day battle-4,000 Mexican casualties, 180 Texans13 day battle-4,000 Mexican casualties, 180 Texans
killed including Travis, Bowie & Davy Crockettkilled including Travis, Bowie & Davy Crockett

7. Texas IndependenceTexas Independence
 March 2, 1836 rebel Americans declare foundingMarch 2, 1836 rebel Americans declare founding
of Independent Republic of Texasof Independent Republic of Texas
 More fightingMore fighting
 800 Texans come to back up battle at Rio de800 Texans come to back up battle at Rio de
JanieroJaniero
 Santa Anna capturedSanta Anna captured
 Forced to sign Treaty of VelascoForced to sign Treaty of Velasco
 Texas a free country (NOT PART OF US)Texas a free country (NOT PART OF US)
 Texas annexed by US 12/29/1845Texas annexed by US 12/29/1845
 ……Mexico unhappy, recalls diplomats…on to war!Mexico unhappy, recalls diplomats…on to war!