This document discusses various technologies that can be used for distance education. It begins by explaining that communication is key in distance education, with technologies promoting interaction between learners and instructors. Different media types are described for encoding and transmitting instructional content, including correspondence study, prerecorded media, audio conferencing, video broadcasting, and desktop video conferencing. The document concludes by stressing the importance of selecting technologies appropriately based on learning outcomes and preparing experiences for online delivery, rather than focusing solely on the technologies themselves.

1. TECHNOLOGIES FOR
DISTANCE EDUCATION
By: Elboni C. Todd

2. Technologies
 The purpose of technology is used to
promote communication. Communication
occurs when two or individuals wish to
share ideas. Communication in a distance
education occurs when learners interact
with each other and the instructor.
Communication and communication for
distance education have two things in
common which are language and culture.

3. Communications
 In order to communicate, instructional ideas
are encoded into some transmittable form,
such as spoken words, pictures and writing.
Media is used to communicate to distant
learners and the messages must be decoded.
Effective communication requires an active
audience. The model of communication has
been widely used to describe the interaction
between message designers and audience.

4. Communications
 It is distance education, it is very
important that educators think about how
communication will occur and how to
apply experiences that will promote
effective and efficient learning.
Equivalent learning techniques are:
correspondence study is known as post
mail or electronic mail that is used to
connect the teacher and learner together.

5. Equivalent Learning
 Prerecorded media is known as
podcasting which is known as a digital
”radio” show. A recording of a lecture is a
poor example of a podcast.
 Two-way audio- it is where the teacher
lecture, ask questions and lead
discussions and the learner listens,
answer and participate.
 Two-way Audio with Graphics-

6. Learning
 An example is conference-table audio
conferencing systems
 One-way Live Video is known as
broadcast distance education and satellite
transmission is a perfect example.
 Two-way audio, one-way video includes
instructional television fixed service or
community cable television networks.

7. Effective Learning
 Two-way audio/video is known as
compressed video and is commonly
applied in corporate training. They are
used in teleconferences. One major
advantage is portability.
 Desktop-Two Way Audio/Video- streaming
video and is described as using the
Internet allow video and audio content to
play, or stream as it is downloaded from a
remote source.

8. Learning
 There are four categories of desktop audio/video
systems are analog, high-speed, medium-speed
and low-speed. Analog systems use telephone
wiring in buildings, commonly called twisted-pair
wires. High-speed is when the video signal is
compressed using a compression protocol. In
today’s society we use medium-speed because it
is compressed over the Internet. Its speed is
128,000 or 256,000 bits per second and low-
speed desktop video includes all systems that
transmit at speeds lower than 56,000 bits per
second.

9. Classroom Technologies
 The key to an successful online classroom
is not the technology but how it is used.
 When selecting appropriate technologies
for on-line instruction students must
assess available instructional
technologies, determine the learning
outcomes, identify learning experiences
and match each to the most appropriate
available technology and preparing the
learning experiences for online delivery.

10. Internet-Based Technology
 There are so many different types of web-
based technology. In the early 2000’s a new
generation of web applications. Web 2.0
technologies are blogging, wikis, podcasting,
social bookmarking, social networking and
virtual words. Video and computer based
systems are a great form of technology.
Teaching with technology to learners who are
not physically located in the same site where
instruction takes place requires a different
set of skills. Technologies are tools that must
be mastered to be effective.