This document discusses various obturation techniques for filling root canals including: 1. Cold lateral compaction, the most widely used technique, involves inserting a master cone coated with sealer followed by lateral compaction of accessory cones. 2. Warm vertical compaction uses heated pluggers to vertically compact gutta percha that has been softened with heat. 3. Carrier-based techniques like Thermafil involve heating and inserting a gutta percha coated metal core carrier into the canal. The document provides details on how to perform each technique and their advantages and disadvantages. A variety of materials can be used for obturation including gutta percha, resins, and single cone techniques.

1. D E E P T H I P . R .
I I I Y E A R M D S
D E P T . O F C O N S S E R V A T I V E D E N T I S T R Y & E N D O D O N T I C S
TECHNIQUES OF
OBTURATION

2. INTRODUCTION
• Many methods: old & new
• Plasticity/ flow of GP
• Flow into the RC
• Compress against the walls
• Fill fine tortuous canals
• Seal various exits
• Compact into a solid core filling

3. DIFFERENT TECHNIQUES
1. Cold Lateral Compaction
2. Warm Compaction (warm GP)
A. Vertical
B. Lateral
3. Continuous wave Compaction technique
4. Thermoplasticized GP injection
5. Carrier- based GP
A. Thermafil thermoplasticized
B. SimpliFill sectional obturation
6. McSpadden thermomechanical compaction
7. Chemically plasticized GP
8. Custom cone

4. COLD LATERAL COMPACTION
• Most widely taught & practised
• Sealer considerations
• Spreader considerations
• Master cone considerations
• Radiographs

5. TECHNIQUE
Isolation &
drying the
canals with
paper points
Selection of
master cone
Checking for
apical “TUG
BACK”

6. TECHNIQUE
Inadequate fit- beyond the apex
• Tip cut off: reinserted primary cone fits snugly at the WL
• Next larger size GP inserted & verified
Inadequate fit- short of the apex
• Patency established to the corrected length
• Another primary GP inserted & verified
At working length

7. TECHNIQUE
• Sealer manipulation
• Canal coated
• Master cone inserted till WL
• Spreader inserted alongside: level 1mm short of the WL- 10 to 60 sec
• Spreader disengaged
• Placement of sequential accessory cones by lateral compaction
Endodontic Topics 2005, 12, 2–24

8. • Butt end of the GP: cut off with heated instrument
• Warm vertical compaction: coronal GP
• Chamber cleaned
• Restoration placed

9. COLD LATERAL COMPACTION
Advantages
• “ Deep spreader
penetration”: minimize
apical leakage/
percolation
• Positive dimensional
stability of the root
canal filling
• Less likelihood of
carrying filling material
beyond the root apex
Limitations
• Presence of voids
• Increased sealer : GP
ratio
• Less able to seal
intracanal defects &
lateral canals
• Less homogeneous
mass
• Time consuming
JOE—Volume 32, Number 4, April 2006
Endodontic Topics 2005, 12, 2–24

10. VARIANTS ON COLD LATERAL
COMPACTION
• Warming spreaders before each use in a hot bead
sterilizer
• Softening gutta percha with heat before insertion
of the cold spreader
• Mechanical activation of finger spreaders in an
endodontic reciprocating handpiece
• Application of an ultrasonically energized spreader
• Application of an engine-driven
thermomechanical compactor which creates
frictional heat and advances the material apically
within the canal
Endodontic Topics 2005, 12, 2–24

11. STUDIES
• Bal et al.
• Hembrough et al.
• Wilson & Baumgartner
• Better results with warm techniques: Collins et al.
• Da Silva et al.

12. WARM VERTICAL COMPACTION
• Herbert Schilder
• Berg
• Heated pluggers
• Objectives defined: preparation for obturation with
this technique
• Indications

13. TECHNIQUE
•
Primary non std. or
greater taper GP
cone
corresponding to
the last instrument
Canal coated
with thin layer of
RC sealer
Primary GP cone
inserted to WL

14. TECHNIQUE
•
Coronal end of
the cone – cut
off wih a heated
instrument
“ Heat carrier”:
plugger, electric
heat carriers:
orced into the
coronal 3rd of GP
Coronal GP
seared off by the
plugger as it is
removed from
the canal

15. TECHNIQUE
Vertical pressure
with condenser/
plugger of
suitable size
Forces the
plasticized
material apically
Alternate
application of
heat carrier &
condenser: 3D FIll

16. WARM VERTICAL COMPACTION

17. WARM VERTICAL COMPACTION
Pulp Canal Sealer, Kerr
Endodontic Topics 2005, 12, 2–24

18. WARM VERTICAL COMPACTION
Advantges
• Irregularities &
accessory canals
better filled
• Excellent seal of the
canal laterally &
apically
Disadvantages
• Time consuming
• Risk of vertical fracture
from undue force
• Less length control
• Overfiling with GP or
sealer that cannot be
retrieved from
periradicular tissues
• Difficult in curved
canals

19. WARM LATERAL COMPACTION
• Warm GP hybrid technique; Martin
• Master cone placed
• Lateral compaction: heat carriers
• Unheated spreader & accessory cones
• Endotec II, Endo Twinn, EI DownPak

20. WARM LATERAL COMPACTION
Endo Tec II:
• Liewehr et al. Increased weight of GP: 14.63%
• Kersten et al.
• Collins et al.
Endo Twinn:
• Kulid et al.
JOE—Volume 32, Number 8, August 2006

21. CONTINUOUS WAVE COMPACTION
TECHNIQUE
• Buchanan
• Greater hydraulic forces
• Tapered pluggers: System B

22. CONTINUOUS WAVE COMPACTION
TECHNIQUE
Master cone
selected &
plugger prefitted:
5-7mm from WL
System set in
Touch mode:
200oC
Cold plugger
initillay placed
against GP; firm
pressure

23. CONTINUOUS WAVE COMPACTION
TECHNIQUE
Plugger rapidly
moved: 1-2 sec
within 3mm o
binding point
Heat inactivated;
firm pressure
maintained: 5- 10
sec
Cooled; 1 sec
heat application
separates
plugger

24. ppdentistry.com

25. ppdentistry.com

26. ppdentistry.com

27. CONTINUOUS WAVE COMPACTION
TECHNIQUE
• Mean temperature change near CEJ: 4.1oC
• Silver et al. Elevation > 10oC
• Flore et al. temperature setting > 250oC- hazardous

28. THERMOPLASTIC INJECTION
TECHNIQUES
• Harvard/ Forsythe Institute: 1977
• Obtura III
• Calamus
• Elements
• HotShot
• Ultrafil 3D- 90oC
• Obtura II- 160oC

29. OBTURA III
• Hand-held gun
• Ag needles
• Control unit

30. OBTURA III
Canal
dried,
coated with
sealer
GP
preheated:
needle
within 3-5
mm of
apical
prepaartion
Gradually &
passively
injected;
compacted
with
pluggers
dipped in
alcohol

31. OBTURA III
• Length control: Hybrid technique
• Tani- Ishii et al.
• Weller et al.
• Jacobsen et al.

32. CALAMUS
• Cartridge system : 20 & 23 G needles
• Control of temperature
• Flow rate
• Pluggers
• 360 degree activation switch

33. ULTRAFIL- 3D
• GP cannulas
• Heating unit
• Injection syringe
• 3 types of Cannulas: Regular set, Firm set & Endoset

34. ELEMENTS
• System B heat source & plugger
• Extruder
• 20, 23 , 25 gauge needles: GP
• 20, 23 gauge: Real Seal

35. HOTSHOT
• Cordless thermoplastic device
• 150oC to 230o C
• GP or Resilon
• 20, 23, 25 gauge needles

36. GUTTAFLOW
• Polydimethyl siloxane with finely ground GP
• Capsules
• WT: 15’; curing: 25- 30’

37. CARRIER- BASED GP
• Thermafil
• Profile GT obturators
• GT Series X Obturators
• ProTaper Universal Obturators
• Successfil
• SimpliFill
• JS Quick-Fill

38. THERMAFIL
• GP with a solid core
• Metal core & coating of GP
• Advantages
• Disadvantages
• Obturators: correspond to file systems
• Sealer: required

39. THERMAFIL
Canal dried;
light coat of
sealer applied.
Carrier set to
predetermined
length
disinfected
Paced on
heating device
Retrieved &
inserted into
canal : 10 sec
Rapid insertion:
enhances
obturation
Position verified
radiographically
2-4 minutes:
cooling
Resection of
carrier

40. THERMAFIL

41. THERMAFIL
• Advantage
• Disadvantage
• Pro Post drills
• Retreatment
• Plastic carriers- non toxic material

42. SUCCESSFIL
• Associated with Ultrafil 3D
• GP: syringe
• Carrier inserted into syringe
• Sealer coated on canal walls: carrier with GP
paced

43. TRIFECTA TECHNIQUE
• Hygenic Corporation
• Succesfil GP injected onto sterile K-file tip
• Carried into most apical part: turned counter-
clockwise
• Soft GP condensed
• Remainder: Ultrafil GP
• Modified Trifecta: rest with lateral condensation
Chandra & Shetty. Endodontology.

44. SIMPIFILL
• LightSpeed Instruments
• Apical 5mm GP plug
• Carrier: MAF
• Seated & carrier removed
• Lateral compaction/ thermoplastic

45. JS QUICKFIL
• Alpha phase GP coated Ti cores
• ISO: 15 to 60
• Spun into the canal at low speed
• Maybe left behind or removed

46. THERMOMECHANICAL COMPACTION
• McSpadden compactor
• H- file in reverse
• Slow speed handpiece
• Advantage
• Disadvantages
• Microseal condensers

47. SOLVENT TECHNIQUES
• CHCl3 , Eucalyptol, xylol.
• Disadvantages
• Callahan- Johnson technique
• 95% ethyl alcohol solution, chlorosin solution
• Nygard- Ostby technnique
JOE — Volume 32, Number 4, April 2006

48. SOLVENT TECHNIQUES
• A small amount of chloropercha is streaked onto
the walls of the dry root canal with a fine root canal
spreader or other suitable instrument.
• The apical third of the master cone is dipped into
the chloropercha paste, and the entire master
cone is gently repositioned into the canal.
• The material in the canal is now forced laterally with
root canal spreaders, making room for additional
GP cones which are added repeatedly in sufficient
number to provide a dense root canal filling.
JOE — Volume 32, Number 4, April 2006

49. • Each piece of GP blends with the GP &
chloropercha already in the canal to form a
homogeneous mass which conforms quite
adequately to the configuration of the root canal
system.
• The lateral pressure on the plastic GP– chloropercha
mixture automatically imparts a small vertical
component of pressure, owing to the shape of most
prepared canals.
• The entire mass moves apically during lateral
condensation with any solvent technique.
JOE — Volume 32, Number 4, April 2006

50. SINGLE- CONE OBTURATIONS
• 1960s: ISO standardization
• Circular, stop preparation in the apical 2mmof the
canal: single GP, Ag, sectional Ag or Ti
• Cemented in place: thin & uniform layer of
traditional sealer
• Ergonomic matched file & cone
Endodontic Topics 2005, 12, 2–24

52. CONCLUSION
• Wide array of options and materials
• Wisely chosen & applied depending on the clinical
situation

53. Thank you!!