"Lecture cum demonstration Method" is one of the Teacher centered approach. this PPT is useful for B.Ed, M.Ed and Dl.Ed students & also useful for teacher educators as a reference
"Lecture cum demonstration Method" is one of the Teacher centered approach. this PPT is useful for B.Ed, M.Ed and Dl.Ed students & also useful for teacher educators as a reference
It discuss about print resources in teaching. It also explains about what is resources, Teaching and learning resources, characteristics of print media, i.e., Newspaper, Magazines, Journals, Books, Encyclopedias and benefits of print media.
This is the first part of Ch. 1 of the book "Research Methods in Education: An Introduction". It tackles upon the nature of research and classification of educational research. The second part to be uploaded soon is on the role of theory, activities of the research process, and the function of educational research.
This model guides teachers to go to the depth of the content. And helps students to attain new concepts. So the model has a great attribute on teaching -learning process.
Interpretation construction (icon) design modelThiyagu K
One major and popular instructional model based the constructivist approach is Interpretation Construction Model or ICON model which emphasizes on learners’ encounter with authentic issues in pair or groups, on constructing interpretation by the learners in groups, searching for information about the problems in groups and facing different interpretations about the problems in groups. In other words, it is group-based teaching-learning co-operative as well as collaborative approach which, as it is evident, lays emphasis and importance on the inclusive and all round socio-academic growth of the learners and also in way has drawn insights from the concept of Multiple Intelligences as propounded by the eminent cognitive scientist Gardner (1993). ICON Model, as Tsai, Chin-Chung. 2011 and other scholars in educational psychology argue, mainly rests on the principles such as observation in authentic activities (Understanding Zone), contextualizing prior knowledge and interpretation construction (Understanding Zone), cognitive conflict and apprenticeship (Understanding Zone), collaboration (Application Zone), multiple interpretations (Higher Order Thinking Skill zone), and multiple manifestations (Higher Order Thinking Skill zone).
Trade Show Exhibiting - 10 HOW TO Ideas to Help You Integrate Social Media In...Nate Riggs
Nate Riggs slides from the Skyline Exhibits of Central Ohio Exhibitor Exchange Conference. Presentation lists resources and ideas on how trade show exhibitors, managers and booth staff can use social media tools to enhance their trade show lead generation strategy.
It discuss about print resources in teaching. It also explains about what is resources, Teaching and learning resources, characteristics of print media, i.e., Newspaper, Magazines, Journals, Books, Encyclopedias and benefits of print media.
This is the first part of Ch. 1 of the book "Research Methods in Education: An Introduction". It tackles upon the nature of research and classification of educational research. The second part to be uploaded soon is on the role of theory, activities of the research process, and the function of educational research.
This model guides teachers to go to the depth of the content. And helps students to attain new concepts. So the model has a great attribute on teaching -learning process.
Interpretation construction (icon) design modelThiyagu K
One major and popular instructional model based the constructivist approach is Interpretation Construction Model or ICON model which emphasizes on learners’ encounter with authentic issues in pair or groups, on constructing interpretation by the learners in groups, searching for information about the problems in groups and facing different interpretations about the problems in groups. In other words, it is group-based teaching-learning co-operative as well as collaborative approach which, as it is evident, lays emphasis and importance on the inclusive and all round socio-academic growth of the learners and also in way has drawn insights from the concept of Multiple Intelligences as propounded by the eminent cognitive scientist Gardner (1993). ICON Model, as Tsai, Chin-Chung. 2011 and other scholars in educational psychology argue, mainly rests on the principles such as observation in authentic activities (Understanding Zone), contextualizing prior knowledge and interpretation construction (Understanding Zone), cognitive conflict and apprenticeship (Understanding Zone), collaboration (Application Zone), multiple interpretations (Higher Order Thinking Skill zone), and multiple manifestations (Higher Order Thinking Skill zone).
Trade Show Exhibiting - 10 HOW TO Ideas to Help You Integrate Social Media In...Nate Riggs
Nate Riggs slides from the Skyline Exhibits of Central Ohio Exhibitor Exchange Conference. Presentation lists resources and ideas on how trade show exhibitors, managers and booth staff can use social media tools to enhance their trade show lead generation strategy.
Youth, Media and Popular Culture Fall 2015 UOIT Masters of Education presentation on 'Do-it-with Others' also known as DIWO. Focuses on "What is DIWO?" and Ideas of how to integrate DIWO technology into the classroom.
Tutorial on lifelong learning created by Lori Reed of PLCMC was included as Step 2 in the 23 Things of PLCMC's <a href="http://plcmclearning.blogspot.com/">Learning 2.0</a> program created by <a href="http://librarybytes.com>Helene Blowers</a>
This describes about the reflective thinking and the action research, teachers reflection, skill and knowledge,reflective thinking, benefits and limitation of reflective thinking, reflection practices and forms, Integrated action research.
New York Times Article Review Rubric (10 pts)Select a lengthy” .docxhenrymartin15260
New York Times Article Review Rubric (10 pts)
Select a “lengthy” article (more than two paragraphs) that summarizes or discusses one or more science projects. Summarize your article (who, what, when, where and how) in one paragraph (2 pts) and then answer the following questions:
1. In one sentence, what is the main point of the article? (1 pt)
2. What counter-arguments or counter-points does the author make? (1 pt)
3. How does this article relate to anything we have or will discuss in class? How does this article relate to something related to your major, possible career and/or life? Note, your article may not relate to the class, but it should at least relate to your major, career and/or life. (2 pts)
4. Explain if these studies were observational, experimental, technological or some combination of the three. If applicable, identify the independent and (at least one) dependent variables. What possible confounding variables are present in the study? How do the authors “control” for these? (2 pts)
5. What questions does the article leave unanswered? (1 pt)
6. What did you learn from this article? (1 pt)
Electronically submit your answers to Blueline by noon on 1/26/16
What is Science?
Human Biology
1/18/16
A process whose essential characteristics are 1) guided by natural law; 2) is explanatory by natural law; 3) is testable against the empirical world; 4) is falsifiable.William R. Overton, U.S. District Judge in a ruling prohibiting an AR law giving balanced time for creation-science and evolution, 1982The observation, identification, description, experimental investigation, and theoretical explanation of natural phenomena.American Heritage DictionaryAbove all it is a methodology for acquiring testable knowledge about the natural world.Stephen Jay Gould
A process: methodology for generating new knowledge based on cycling the following progression: observation, explanation, prediction, test, results, conclusion. A product: new knowledge with the following characteristics: it is cumulative, knowledge expanding, explanatory, predictive, systematic, testable, verifiable, tentative, self-correcting.
-OSU professorOR…
… a way of baffling the uninitiated with incomprehensible jargon. It is a way of obtaining fat government grants. It is a way of achieving mastery over the physical world by threatening it with chaos and destruction.
Scientific Method Observation
Hypothesis
Prediction
Test of prediction
Scientific Method
Test of predictionTreatment versus control groupIndependent vs dependent variables“control” confounding variables
large sample size
Cause and effect conclusions
Scientific MethodTypes of (dependent) variables
Categorical (color, sex)
Discrete (number of fingers or leaves)
Continuous (weight, height)
Appropriate ways to graph the above?
Scientific Method
Test of prediction
Hypothesis vs null hypothesis
Statistics is a tool
Scientific Method
3 Criteria.
Bond J has a coupon rate of 4.3 percent. Bond S has a coupon.docxAASTHA76
Bond J has a coupon rate of 4.3 percent. Bond S has a coupon rate of 14.3 percent. Both bonds have eleven years to maturity, make semiannual payments, a par value of $1,000, and have a YTM of 9.6 percent.
If interest rates suddenly rise by 3 percent, what is the percentage price change of these bonds? (A negative answer should be indicated by a minus sign. Do not round intermediate calculations and enter your answers as a percent rounded to 2 decimal places, e.g., 32.16.)
Percentage
change in price
Bond J
%
Bond S
%
If interest rates suddenly fall by 3 percent instead, what is the percentage price change of these bonds? (Do not round intermediate calculations and enter your answers as a percent rounded to 2 decimal places, e.g., 32.16.)
Percentage
change in price
Bond J
%
Bond S
%
-20.42
-16.37
Lab 1 – Introduction to Science
Exercise 1: The Scientific Method
In this exercise, you will answer the questions based on what you have seen in the videos throughout the lab. Be sure to pay careful attention to the videos – you will not only need them to complete this exercise successfully, but also to have a firm understanding of the scientific method for future labs.
QUESTIONS
1. Make an observation – Write down any observations you have made regarding the effect of pollution on the environment.
Answer =
2. Do background research – Utilizing the scholarly source (provided here), describe how pollution might affect yeast.
Answer =
3. Construct a hypothesis – Based on your research from question 2, develop an if-then hypothesis relating to the effect of pollution on yeast respiration.
Answer =
4. Test with an experiment – Identify the dependent variable, independent variable, and the controlled variables for the experiment.
Answer =
5. Analyze results – Record your observations of the three test tubes before incubation and compare them to the observations provided in the video.
Answer =
Test Tube
Initial Appearance
Yeast with No Pollutant
Yeast with Salt Water
Yeast with Detergent
6. Analyze results – Record your observations of the three test tubes after incubation.
Answer =
Test Tube
Final Appearance
Yeast with No Pollutant
Yeast with Salt Water
Yeast with Detergent
7. Analyze results – The table below shows sample data regarding the amount of carbon dioxide produced by each tube. Determine what type of graph would be the most appropriate for displaying the data and explain why you chose that graph. Then, make a graph. Use Microsoft Excel or a free graphing program (for example, https://nces.ed.gov/nceskids/createagraph/) to create the graph. Submit this with your post-lab questions.
Sample
Amount CO2 Produced (mL) After 1 Hour
Yeast with No Pollutant
7 mL
Yeast with Salt Water
0.5 mL
Yeast with Detergent
0 mL
Answer =
8. Draw conclusions – Interpret the data from the graph in Question 7. What conclusions can you make based on this graph?
Answer =
9. Draw conclusions – Based on your observations ...
The Scientific MethodSteps in the Scientific MethodThere is a .docxssusera34210
The Scientific Method
Steps in the Scientific Method
There is a great deal of variation in the specific techniques scientists use explore the natural world. However, the following steps characterize the majority of scientific investigations:
Step 1: Make observations
Step 2: Propose a hypothesis to explain observations
Step 3: Test the hypothesis with further observations or experiments
Step 4: Analyze data
Step 5: State conclusions about hypothesis based on data analysis
Each of these steps is explained briefly below, and in more detail later in this section.
Step 1: Make observations
A scientific inquiry typically starts with observations. Often, simple observations will trigger a question in the researcher's mind.
Example: A biologist frequently sees monarch caterpillars feeding on milkweed plants, but rarely sees them feeding on other types of plants. She wonders if it is because the caterpillars prefer milkweed over other food choices.
Step 2: Propose a hypothesis
The researcher develops a hypothesis (singular) or hypotheses (plural) to explain these observations. A hypothesis is a tentative explanation of a phenomenon or observation(s) that can be supported or falsified by further observations or experimentation.
Example: The researcher hypothesizes that monarch caterpillars prefer to feed on milkweed compared to other common plants. (Notice how the hypothesis is a statement, not a question as in step 1.)
Step 3: Test the hypothesis
The researcher makes further observations and/or may design an experimentto test the hypothesis. An experiment is a controlled situation created by a researcher to test the validity of a hypothesis. Whether further observations or an experiment is used to test the hypothesis will depend on the nature of the question and the practicality of manipulating the factors involved.
Example: The researcher sets up an experiment in the lab in which a number of monarch caterpillars are given a choice between milkweed and a number of other common plants to feed on.
Step 4: Analyze data
The researchersummarizes and analyzes the information, or data, generated by these further observations or experiments.
Example: In her experiment, milkweed was chosen by caterpillars 9 times out of 10 over all other plant selections.
Step 5: State conclusions
The researcher interprets the results of experiments or observations and forms conclusions about the meaning of these results. These conclusions are generally expressed as probability statements about their hypothesis.
Example: She concludes that when given a choice, 90 percent of monarch caterpillars prefer to feed on milkweed over other common plants.
Often, the results of one scientific study will raise questions that may be addressed in subsequent research. For example, the above study might lead the researcher to wonder why monarchs seem to prefer to feed on milkweed, and she may plan additional experiments to explore this question. For example, perhaps the milkweed has higher ...
Introduc on to Science
12
The Scientific Method
Observations
Variables
Controls
Data Analysis
Calculations
Data Collection
Percent Error
Scientific Reasoning
Writing a Lab Report
Socrates (469 B.C. - 399 B.C.), Plato (427 B.C. - 347 B.C.), and Aristotle (384
B.C. - 322 B.C.) are among the most famous of the Greek philosophers
(Figure 1). Plato was a student of Socrates, and Aristotle was a student of Pla-
to. These three philosophers are considered to be the greatest thinkers of
their time.
Aristotle’s views on science profoundly shaped medieval academics, and his
influence extended into the Renaissance (14th - 16th century). His opinions
were the authority on science well into the 1300s. Unfortunately, the philoso-
pher’s method was logical thinking and did not involve making direct observa-
tions on the natural world. As a result, many of Aristotle’s opinions were incor-
rect. Although he was extremely intelligent, he used a method for determining
the nature of science that was insufficient for the task. For example, in Aris-
totle’s opinion, men were bigger than women. Therefore, he made the de-
duction that men would have more teeth than women. It is assumed that he
never actually looked into the mouths of both men and women and counted
their teeth. If he had, he would have found that males and females have ex-
actly the same number of teeth (Figure 2).
In the 16th and 17th centuries, innovative thinkers began developing a new
way to investigate the world around them. They were developing a method
that relied upon making observations of phenomena and trying to explain
why that phenomena occurred. From these techniques, the scientific method
was born. The scientific method is a process of investigation that involves
Figure 1: Neoclassical statue
of ancient Greek philosopher,
Plato, in front of the Academy
of Athens in Greece.
Figure 2: Humans—male and
female—have 20 baby teeth
and 32 permanent teeth.
13
experimentation and observation to acquire new knowledge, solve problems, and answer questions. Scien-
tists eventually perfected the methods and reduced it to a series of steps (Figure 3).
Today, the scientific method is used as a systematic approach to solving problems. Science begins with ob-
servations. Once enough observations or results from preliminary library or experimental research have been
collected, a hypothesis can be constructed. Experiments then either verify or disprove the hypothesis. If
enough evidence can support a hypothesis, the hypothesis can become a theory, or proven fact. Theories
can be further refined by other hypotheses and experimentation. An example of this is how we further refine
our knowledge of germ theory by learning about specific pathogens. A scientific law is a summary of observa-
tions in which there are no current exceptions using the most recent technology. It can be a general state-
ment, like the Law of Gravity (what goes up m.
Outline of the current issues and debates on how teacher professional development should be organized in order to achieve an inclusive education system
Introduction to ways how educators can benefit from ICT in maths, both for preparing lessons, teaching, collaborating and professional development. It includes words of caution on what ICT can and cannot do.
Workshop session for Evaluators and Endorsement Committee Members of the South African Council for Educators (SACE), given on 7-8 October 2014 in Centurion, South Africa
Keynote presentation for the National Colloquium on Professional Learning Communities organized by the Department of Basic Education (DBE) - South Africa
A gentle introduction to student centered approaches for Cambodian science teacher trainers during the opening day of a 5-day workshop on student-centered learning.
Presentation for Workshop on RTTC Curriculum Revision workshopStefaan Vande Walle
The presentation was used as an introduction of the SEAL Programme at the workshop on the revision of the Cambodian curriculum for teacher training of lower secondary education.
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
The Indian economy is classified into different sectors to simplify the analysis and understanding of economic activities. For Class 10, it's essential to grasp the sectors of the Indian economy, understand their characteristics, and recognize their importance. This guide will provide detailed notes on the Sectors of the Indian Economy Class 10, using specific long-tail keywords to enhance comprehension.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
How to Split Bills in the Odoo 17 POS ModuleCeline George
Bills have a main role in point of sale procedure. It will help to track sales, handling payments and giving receipts to customers. Bill splitting also has an important role in POS. For example, If some friends come together for dinner and if they want to divide the bill then it is possible by POS bill splitting. This slide will show how to split bills in odoo 17 POS.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
Thesis Statement for students diagnonsed withADHD.ppt
Teaching the scientific method
1. Training on Student Centered Approaches for Science Education Teaching the Scientific Method RTTC Kandal, January 2010
2.
3.
4. Example traffic light cards What is the scientific method? Science can prove anything. True False No idea
5. Example traffic light cards False Science attempts to disprove hypotheses by testing them with data from carefully designed experiments. If the idea survives testing, then it is a stronger explanation. Science is a process which can only produce “possible” or “highly probable” explanations for natural phenomena; these are never certainties. With new information or approaches, earlier findings can be replaced by new findings .
6. Example traffic light cards What is the scientific method? Science can solve any problem or answer any question. True False No idea
7. Example traffic light cards False The scope of scientific knowledge is limited to the physical world, a world that we can observe with our senses. Science is not suitable to handle the supernatural, values and ethics. Scientific explanations must be disprovable. Explanations based on supernatural forces, values or ethics can never be disproved.
8. Example traffic light cards What is the scientific method? Scientific explanations must be based on careful observations and the testing of hypotheses. True False No idea
9. Example traffic light cards Science must follow certain rules; otherwise, it's not science (just as soccer is not soccer if its rules are not followed). The rules of science are intended to make the process as objective as is humanly possible, and thereby produce a degree of understanding that is as close to reality as possible. True
10. Example traffic light cards What is the scientific method? Different scientists may get different solutions to the same problem. True False No idea
11. Example traffic light cards Science can be influenced by the race, gender, nationality, religion, politics or economic interests of the scientist. Different backgrounds may lead, intentionally or unintentionally, to different research hypotheses. Unfortunately, science may also be misused. The peer review system aims at controlling the quality of scientific research and falsifying incorrect hypotheses. True
12.
13.
14. Tips There is no single correct path to follow when doing a scientific investigation. Science should be an exciting and creative pursuit, not a fixed series of steps
Teacher explains or continues: depends on voting results
Science can prove anything. FALSE. The process of science, when properly applied, actually attempts to disprove ideas (hypotheses) by testing or challenging the hypothesis with observations (data) gathered from carefully designed experiments. If the idea survives testing, then it is stronger, and more likely an accurate explanation. Science is a process which can only produce “possible” or “highly probable” explanations for natural phenomena; these are never certainties. With new information, tools, or approaches, earlier findings can be replaced by new findings. Science can solve any problem or answer any question. FALSE. The realm of science is limited strictly to solving problems about the physical world, a world that we can observe with our senses. Science is not properly equipped to handle the supernatural realm, nor the realm of values and ethics, realms that cannot be observed with our senses. Scientific explanations must be potentially disprovable. Explanations based on supernatural forces, values or ethics can never be disproved and thus do not fall under the realm of science. Any study done carefully and based on observation is scientific . FALSE. Science must follow certain rules; otherwise, it's not science (just as soccer is not soccer if its rules are not followed). The rules of science are intended to make the process as objective as is humanly possible, and thereby produce a degree of understanding that is as close to reality as possible. Scientific explanations must be based on careful observations and the testing of hypotheses. Different scientists may get different solutions to the same problem. Science can be influenced by the race, gender, nationality, religion, politics or economic interests of the scientist. TRUE. Intentional or unintentional sources of bias introduced in a study can result in different solutions to the same problem. Scientists are people, and although they follow certain rules and try to be as objective as possible, both in their observations and their interpretations, their biases are still there. Unconscious racial bias, gender bias, social status, source of funding, or political leanings can and do influence one's perceptions and interpretations. Unfortunately, science is all too frequently misused. Because it works so well, there are those who apply the name of science to their efforts to &quot;prove&quot; their favorite cause, even if the rules of science were not followed. Such causes are properly labeled &quot;pseudosciences&quot;. Also, some scientists have been known to do fraudulent work, in order to support their pet ideas. Such work is usually exposed sooner or later, due to the peer review system and the work of other scientists.
Objective: students learn and discuss about characteristics of the Moon They have preferably access to reference books, internet Divide students into teams of three to five members Instructions: Brainstorming : Write down as many ideas as possible regarding the potential use of the 15 items for your trek to the research station. At this time, do not discuss or evaluate the merit of these ideas. Evaluation and consensus building : Discuss the merits of the ideas presented during the brainstorming session, and develop a consensus within your group regarding the relative value of each of the items. Place a 1 by the item you value most and a 15 by the item you value least, recording the rationale for your ranking. Discussion and defense of position : Compare your ranking with those of other groups. If there are differences, discuss them, presenting reasoned arguments for your ranking. 15 items: Box of matches 2 100kg tanks of oxygen Stellar map 10 kg dehydrated food Traditional signal flares First aid kit 50 m of nylon rope Solar powered fm radio 10 l of water Portable heating unit Two 45 caliber pistols Case of dehydrated milk Life raft Magnetic compass Parachute silk
Classification & Categorizing (card sorts) Biology: Drying and laminating leaves. Why use this technique? Student think about classifications they encounter Students’ prior knowledge can be assessed Students learn how to justify ideas
Biology: classification of leaves, animals Earth science: rocks, planets Chemistry: substances, elements
Objectives of this activity Observe pictures Make classes based on scientific criteria Argument their choice Compare alternative classification
Include stack “not sure” Objectives Observe pictures Make classes based on scientific criteria Argument their choice Compare alternative classification
Make cards with pictures of matter, formula, description Ask students to classify Discuss criteria
Vol 1, p80 3 classes: matter/ no matter/ not sure Familiarity with the items Listening to discussions Properties of matter: mass, volume, size, shape
Vol 2, p115 Ask students to cross out any words they are unfamiliar with 3 groups: food/ not food/ unsure Students discuss criteria Make definition of food - Items can be added/ deleted, depending on the level of the students
Object: burning candle Each member in turn lists an observation, which is written on a large piece of paper Refresh the definition of inference and point at observations that are in fact inferences. Observation : record resulting from study of event or object Inference : conclusion drawn from evidence or reasoning based on observations
The story of Alexander Fleming can be used: he discovered penicillin by noticing a slight discrepancy in the growth pattern of bacteria. After much research he managed to isolate the substance that inhibits the growth of bacteria: penicillin.
Yes or No? A cube of sugar will not ignite from a lit match. Do you think the cube will ignite if you sprinkle ashes on it first?
Look for a topic in the curriculum that you can teach with a discrepant event Try-out the part of the lesson in which you use the discrepant event. Include an accompanying document that contains the following: material needed, subject(s) or content, time required, target grade level science key-words questions that you would use misconceptions that the students might have about this topic