Taxonomy of Angiosperms: Family: Apocynaceae
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B. Sc. II Botany, Paper- VII, based on the syllabus prescribed by Dr. Babasaheb Marathwada University
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Apocynaceae
The document summarizes the characteristics of the plant family Apocynaceae. It describes how the family includes 411 genera and 4650 species found worldwide, especially in tropical regions. Key characteristics include leaves that are simple, opposite, or whorled; inflorescences that are cymes, racemes, or solitary flowers; and fruits that are berries, drupes, or follicles. Economically important plants in the family include oleander, plumeria, stapelia, and periwinkle.
Apocynaceae family
1. The document discusses the Apocynaceae family of flowering plants, which includes about 400 genera and 4,555 species of trees, shrubs, and herbs distributed primarily in tropical and subtropical areas.
2. Most members of the family are poisonous but also used medicinally due to the presence of cardiac glycosides and alkaloids. Some are cultivated as ornamentals for their attractive flowers and foliage.
3. Important genera include Nerium (oleander), Catharanthus (periwinkle), Rauwolfia, Thevetia, Plumeria, Tabernaemontana, and Carissa. Several species have economic and medicinal importance.
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Apocynaceae
The document summarizes the characteristics of the plant family Apocynaceae. It describes how the family includes 411 genera and 4650 species found worldwide, especially in tropical regions. Key characteristics include leaves that are simple, opposite, or whorled; inflorescences that are cymes, racemes, or solitary flowers; and fruits that are berries, drupes, or follicles. Economically important plants in the family include oleander, plumeria, stapelia, and periwinkle.
Apocynaceae family
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Cosmopolitan, but most adundantly in tropical and subtropical region,
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Leaves-Simple, entire, opposite decussate or alternate (Thevetia) or in whorls of 3.
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* Caryophyllaceae is also known as pink family. Members of this family are well known for ornamental purposes.
* This family is well represented in the British Flora and many species are cultivated as ornamental garden flowers.
* The members of this family are commonly found in the temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere.
*Reference - Taxonomy of Angiosperms - Dr. B. P. Pandey
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Valerian 131001102700-phpapp01
Valerian is a perennial herb native to Europe and Asia. Its underground parts, including the rhizome and roots, are used medicinally and have a distinctive odor. Valerian contains various constituents like valepotriates, volatile oil, and alkaloids that act on the central nervous system to promote relaxation, anxiety relief, and sleep. It is commonly used as a natural sedative or sleep aid and to treat conditions involving stress, nervousness, and digestive issues. Adulteration of valerian root with substitute plants is an issue, requiring proper identification of authentic valerian.
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- 1. Taxonomy of Angiosperms Family Apocynaceae Dr. A. S. Naik
- 2. Thevetia Nerium Alstonia Vinca Tabernaemontana
- 3. Distribution • Many are tall trees found in tropical rainforests. • some grow in tropical dry (xeric) environments. • Perennial herbs from temperate zones occur. • Members of the family are native to European, Asian, African, Australian and American tropics or subtropis, with some temperate members.
- 4. Classification: Vinca rosea • Kingdom-Plantae • Division-Angiosperms • Class- Dicotyledons • Sub class- Gamopetalae • Series-Bicarpellatae • Order –Gentianales • Family - Apocynaceae
- 5. Botanical Description • Evergreen shrubs or herbaceous plant growing 1 m tall • Plants with milky latex. • Leaves simple, exstipulate, oval to oblong, glossy green, hairless, with short petiole, arranged in opposite pairs. • Inflorescence: Solitary,(Vinca) • Roots: Branched, tap roots. • Stem: Erect, branched, solid, glabrous, rarely tuber-like and thick.
- 6. Botanical description contd. • Flowers white to dark pink with a darker red centre,Bracteate, bisexual, complete,actinomorphic, pentamerous. • Calyx- 5, gamosepalous, valvate • Corolla-5, united in tube, funnel shaped, twisted. • Androecium-5 stamens, epipetalous, short filaments, Deep inside coroll Basifixed, • Gynoecium:Bicarpellary, superior, 2 to many ovules/chamber, marginal placentation,stigma thick, bilobed, style-simple, one.
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