The document discusses the Taguchi Method, an approach to quality engineering developed by Genichi Taguchi. It was used to improve postwar telephone systems in Japan. The method focuses on designing quality into products and services from the beginning to eliminate non-random errors. It quantifies quality losses using quality loss functions and aims to reduce sources of variation. The document outlines the Taguchi experiment process, which involves identifying problems, designing experiments, running tests, analyzing results, and confirming improvements. It recommends using expert help to fully apply the method to services.
Taguchi Method is a new engineering design optimisation methodology that improves the quality of existing products and processes and simultaneously reduces their costs very rapidly, with minimum engineering resources and development man-hours
Chapter 1
1.1 Introduction 5
1.2 Definitions of quality 6
1.2.1 Traditional and Taguchi definition of Quality 7
1.3 Taguchi’s quality philosophy 8
1.4 Objective of Taguchi Methods 10
1.5 8-Steps in Taguchi Methodology 10
Chapter 2 (Loss Function)
2.1 Taguchi Loss Function 11
2.2 Variation of Quadratic Loss function 17 Chapter 3 (Analysis of Variation)
3.1 Understanding Variation 19
3.2 What is ANOVA 19
3.2.1 No Way ANOVA 19
3.2. 1.1 Degree of Freedom 20
3.2.2 One Way ANOVA 24
3.2.3 Two Way ANOVA 30
3.3 Example of ANOVA 36
Chapter 4 (Orthogonal Array)
4.1 What is Array 46
4.2 History of Array 46
4.3 Introduction of Orthogonal Array 47
4.3.1 Intersecting many factor- A case study 49
4.3.1.1 Example of Orthogonal Array 50
4.3.2 A Full factorial Experiment 58
4.4 Steps in developing Orthogonal Array 60
4.4.1 Selection of factors and/or interactions to be evaluated 60
4.4.2 Selection of number of levels for the factors 60
4.4.3 Selection of the appropriate OA 62
4.4.4 Assignment of factors and/or interactions to columns 63
4.4.5 Conduct tests 65
4.4.6 Analyze results 66
4.4.7 Confirmation experiment 69
4.5 Example Experimental Procedure
PPT ON TAGUCHI METHODS / TECHNIQUES - KAUSTUBH BABREKARKaustubh Babrekar
A brief brief to Taguchi Methods / Techniques; Loss function; Orthogonal arrays; Fractional Factprials and various case studies and examples related to each topic covered in detail.
PPT presented by Kaustubh Babrekar under the guidance of Prof. Dr. N. G. Phafat. MGM JNEC Aurangabad.
Taguchi Method is a new engineering design optimisation methodology that improves the quality of existing products and processes and simultaneously reduces their costs very rapidly, with minimum engineering resources and development man-hours
Chapter 1
1.1 Introduction 5
1.2 Definitions of quality 6
1.2.1 Traditional and Taguchi definition of Quality 7
1.3 Taguchi’s quality philosophy 8
1.4 Objective of Taguchi Methods 10
1.5 8-Steps in Taguchi Methodology 10
Chapter 2 (Loss Function)
2.1 Taguchi Loss Function 11
2.2 Variation of Quadratic Loss function 17 Chapter 3 (Analysis of Variation)
3.1 Understanding Variation 19
3.2 What is ANOVA 19
3.2.1 No Way ANOVA 19
3.2. 1.1 Degree of Freedom 20
3.2.2 One Way ANOVA 24
3.2.3 Two Way ANOVA 30
3.3 Example of ANOVA 36
Chapter 4 (Orthogonal Array)
4.1 What is Array 46
4.2 History of Array 46
4.3 Introduction of Orthogonal Array 47
4.3.1 Intersecting many factor- A case study 49
4.3.1.1 Example of Orthogonal Array 50
4.3.2 A Full factorial Experiment 58
4.4 Steps in developing Orthogonal Array 60
4.4.1 Selection of factors and/or interactions to be evaluated 60
4.4.2 Selection of number of levels for the factors 60
4.4.3 Selection of the appropriate OA 62
4.4.4 Assignment of factors and/or interactions to columns 63
4.4.5 Conduct tests 65
4.4.6 Analyze results 66
4.4.7 Confirmation experiment 69
4.5 Example Experimental Procedure
PPT ON TAGUCHI METHODS / TECHNIQUES - KAUSTUBH BABREKARKaustubh Babrekar
A brief brief to Taguchi Methods / Techniques; Loss function; Orthogonal arrays; Fractional Factprials and various case studies and examples related to each topic covered in detail.
PPT presented by Kaustubh Babrekar under the guidance of Prof. Dr. N. G. Phafat. MGM JNEC Aurangabad.
Design of Experiment (DOE): Taguchi Method and Full Factorial Design in Surfa...Ahmad Syafiq
Taguchi and full factorial design techniques to highlight the application and to compare the effectiveness of the Taguchi and full factorial design processes as applied on surface
roughness.
Design of Experiment (DOE): Taguchi Method and Full Factorial Design in Surfa...Ahmad Syafiq
Taguchi and full factorial design techniques to highlight the application and to compare the effectiveness of the Taguchi and full factorial design processes as applied on surface
roughness.
Toyota Production System or Lean Manufacturing has become an imperative to sustain the current hyper competitive scenario . This presentation looks at the basic tenets of Lean Manufacturing as a philosophy as well as a practicing regime.
The basic concept of TQM
Works methods
Processes and practices
If the participants happen to be an instructor, they will become high-quality instructor and will able to develop high-quality students who can be matched with the global standards.
Module - 1
Principles and Practice: Definition, basic approach, gurus of TQM, TQM Framework, awareness, defining quality, historical review, obstacles, benefits of TQM.
Quality Management Systems: Introduction, benefits of ISO registration, ISO 9000 series of standards, ISO 9001 requirements.
Student will be able to
Explain the various approaches of TQM
Infer the customer perception of quality
Analyze customer needs and perceptions to design feedback systems.
Apply statistical tools for continuous improvement of systems
Apply the tools and technique for effective implementation of TQM.
TEXT BOOKS:
Total Quality Management: Dale H. Besterfield, Publisher -Pearson Education India, ISBN: 8129702606, Edition 03.
Introduction to Process Thinking (for Energy company)
Note: images obtained from Google images, and content obtained from Appian website, Gartner and YouTube
2. GENICHI TAGUCHI
• Born in Japan, 1924
• Electrical Engineer
• Worked during 1950‟s to improve
Japan‟s post-WWII telephone
communication system
• Father of the “Taguchi Method” and
“Robust Engineering”
3. Don‟t run away!
• Not a mathematician?
• You can still successfully apply
Taguchi Method concepts to your
service business.
• Basic concepts are simple.
• Just keep reading.
4. Competitive Edge 101:
• “In the next century, the capability of
developing robust technology will be
essential to the competitiveness of
any manufacturing enterprise.” (Tsai)
(Taguchi: p xi)
• Substitute “robust services” and
“service enterprise.” You need this.
5. Competitive Edge 102:
• “To compete successfully in the
global
marketplace, organizations must
have the ability to produce a
variety of high-quality, low-cost
products that fully satisfy
customers‟ needs.” (Robust Engineering; p.
xiii)
6. Quality Defined
• “Any engineered system reaches
its „ideal function‟ when all of its
applied energy (input) is
transformed efficiently into
creating desired output energy.”
(Robust p. 6)
• Employee energy = input
• Customer satisfied = output
7. Basic Ideas:
• CUSTOMER SATISFACTION
• Design to the highest standards
early in the process to eliminate all
non-random errors
• Quality Loss = Loss to Society
quantified through “Quality Loss
Function”
• Variation (+/-) from optimal measure
results in a loss.
• For best results, GET HELP.
8. Resources Expended on
Quality
$
Design
$$
Service Delivered
$$$$$$$$$$
Post Service Delivery
9. Customer Satisfaction
• Ways to measure service:
1. Returning customers
2. Number of complaints (1:10)
3. Number of compliments
4. Employee attitude
10. Design
• Equipment – No breakdowns
• Specific jobs defined – Need to know
responsibilities
• Policies and Procedures – What do
you want, anyway?
• Taguchi Method experiment
11. Quality Loss Concept
• Deviation from
target results in
loss.
– Lower than
target
– Greater than
target
– Both lose
12. Quality Loss Function
• Quantify the Loss
• Warning:
Next slide contains
math formulas
• But give it a try!
13. Quality Loss Function II
L(y) = k(y-m)2
L(y) = Loss
k = constant = cost to correct
tolerance2
y = reported value
m = mean value (average)
(Taguchi On Robust Technology p. 22)
14. Example:
• Company C received an average of 10
complaints per month last year. In
November they received 15 complaints (y).
Management sets an acceptable level at 2
(tolerance).
• It costs the company $50 directly per
complaint to correct the problems. They
determined the cost in lost sales to be
$100.
• Total cost per complaint: $150
15. Example continued:
k = $150/22 = $37.50
L(y) = 37.50 (15-10)2
= 37.50 (5)2
= 37.50 (25)
= $937.50 is loss for the
month of November
19. Step 2:
Brainstorming
• Identify critical variables in the
service that affect quality.
• Open and honest discourse with
all people involved.
• Decide which factors are
controllable and which are not.
20. Step 3:
Experiment Design
• Using results from brainstorming
session, facilitator will design
an experiment.
• Management must understand
this part, and needs to fully
support the resources needed
for it.
21. Step 4:
Experiment
• Use of ANOVA requires
managers understand its use.
• Facilitator, although in charge of
the experiment, must assure
management‟s understanding of
the process.
22. Step 5:
Analysis
• Factors closest to target
specification identified.
• Means to reduce controllable
variation produced.
24. Conclusion:
• Best improvement is early in the process.
• Use expert consulting help for full
experiment and implementation.
• Successfully used in
airlines, insurance, hotels and restaurants.
• Quality is a major feature that sets a
service apart from the rest.
25. Citations:
• Foster, S. Thomas Jr. Ph. D.: “Designing
and Initiating A Taguchi Experiment in a
Services Setting” OM Review – Refereed:
Volume 9, No. 3.
• Taguchi, Genichi: Taguchi on Robust
Technology Development: Bringing Quality
Engineering Upstream; Asme Press, New
York, 1993
• Taguchi, Chowdhury, Taguchi: Robust
Engineering: Learn how to boost quality
while reducing costs and time to market;
McGraw-Hill, New York, 2000
26. Recommended Reading:
• In addition to cited works:
– Visit American Supply Institute
(ASI) website at www.amsup.com