Origin, Concept, Characteristics, Steps of System Approach Steps of Instructional design

1. System Approach
Origin, Concept, Characteristics and
Steps of Instructional Design
Dr. Pooja Walia
Assistant Professor
Department of Education
Mizoram University

2. Outline of the Presentation
• Meaning of System
• Meaning of System Approach
• Origin and Concept of System Approach

3. Meaning of SYSTEM
System-Wholeness aspect of something
e.g.
• Digestive system
• Transportation System
• Telegraphy System

4. Characteristics of System
• It is a general term.
• Aim of a system is to achieve pre-specified goals or
objectives.
• Consists of a number of elements or parts.
• All the parts or elements of system have specified role.
• Relationship between parts is dynamic.
• capable of self-maintenance, and self-regulation.

5. Definition of System
Oxford dictionary defines system as follows:
• Organized or established procedure
• A regularly interacting or independent
group of items forming a unified whole
• Methodically arranged set of ideas,
principles, methods or procedure

6. Components of System
• Input
• Process
• Output
• Analysis & Feedback
• Environment

7. Components of System
• Input: The input refers to what is put into the system. This may
include resources (human, finances, machinery or hardware, etc).
• Process: The process refers to the functioning of the system i.e.
whatever is going on in the system.
• Output: The output is the final result or product of the system
• Analysis and feedback: The analysis and feedback is done after
the output is available. The final outcome is analysed in the light of
pre-determined goals and based on this feedback; action plan for
achieving the goals is revised.
• Environment: Environment refers to the' physical, social and
political condition

8. Subsystem of a System

9. Concept of a System Approach
• The concept of systems approach first emerged
during World War II.
• Optimal management of enormous man and
machine power deployed in the war.
• Since then it has been "successfully used in
various fields of management especially
industries, business, policy making by the
government and defence forces.

10. System Approach
• System approach is a systematic attempt to
coordinate all aspects of a system towards
specific objectives.
• It acts as a link between Software and
Hardware Technology. It is also known as
Management Technology.

11. Steps of System Approach
Analysis of the given situation
Setting up relevant objectives or
goal
Devising the most appropriate ways
and means
Devising monitoring tools
Planning alternative solutions

12. System Approach to Education
• The concept of system analysis and system
development was borrowed from the field of
management and was first applied to the field of
education in 1960's.
• Its’ application in the field of education is relatively
a recent phenomenon wherein it is being used as a
strategic tool to achieve the best in the process of
imparting education including planning,
execution and evaluation.

13. Definition of System approach to Education
“ System approach is one of the techniques which
aims at finding the most efficient and
economically intelligent methods for solving the
problems of education scientifically”
(Keshaw and Michean,1959)
“The system approach involved setting goals and
objectives, analyzing resources, devising a plan of
action and continuous evaluation”
(Saettler,1990).

14. Need of System Approach to Education
• Setting up of goals of education
• Identifying means of imparting education e.g.
formal/informal/school/colleges/universities/corr
espondence, etc.
• Curriculum planning
• Teaching -Learning process

15. System Approach to Education
Input
• Students
• Human
Resource(Teacher)
• Material and Media
• Financial
Resources(Administr
ation)
Output
• Attainment of
Educational
Objectives

16. Process in Education
It involves utilization of all the resources
available optimally and systematically to
achieved the desired educational
objectives.

17. Steps involved in System Approach to
Education
• Identification of the problem
• Specification of the objectives
• Analysis of the task involved in achieving the objectives
• System analysis
• System design and development
• Identification of preferred solution in a given context
• Implementation of preferred solution
• Evaluation of the effectiveness of the performance in terms of
specified objectives
• Providing feedback in the light of the evaluation for bringing
necessary improvements and modifications

18. ADVANTAGES OF SYSTEM APPROACH
i. System approach helps to identify the
suitable resource material to achieve the
specific goal.
ii. Technological advancement could be used to
provide integration of machines, media and
people for attaining the defined goal.
iii. It helps to assess the resource needs, their
sources and facilities in relation to quantities,
time and other factors.

19. ADVANTAGES OF SYSTEM APPROACH
iv. It permits an orderly introduction of
components demonstrated to be required for
systems success in terms of student learning.
v. It avoids rigidity in plan of action as
continuous evaluation affords desired
beneficial changes to be made.

20. Thanks a lot!
poojawaliakuk@gmail.com