1. The Future Farm Industries Cooperative Research Centre aims to develop profitable perennial pastures and farming systems to change the nature of farming, create new industries, and improve natural resource management in southern Australia.
2. The CRC conducts research and development with partners to increase productivity, develop new regional industries using woody crops, and reduce environmental degradation through perennials. It estimates monetary benefits of $808 million by 2021 and $2.51 billion by 2030 from adopting perennial systems.
3. An analysis of adopting new perennial pastures in Western Victoria found they can improve farm profitability through increased carrying capacity and returns on investment, but results depend on climate variability and supplementary feeding costs.
Asia Regional Planning Meeting-Scaling up Research for Development and Impact...ICRISAT
Assessing the impacts of climate change and evaluate climate adaptation strategies in terms of anticipated shifts in the crop growing periods, water availability, major crop yields, and evaluate adaption strategies for developing climate resilient farming systems and to develop knowledge and skills of stakeholders on improved technologies for sustainable crop intensification.
Mike McGahuey, Natural Resources Management Specialist, USAID
Presentation from March 1, 2012 discussion on experiences in the Sahel using Climate Smart Agriculture to increase productivity and resiliency including lessons learned from farmer innovations and observed landscape transformations in Niger, Burkina Faso & Mali.
FInd out more at http://www.wri.org/event/2012/03/building-climate-smart-agriculture-and-resiliency-sahel
The document discusses the System of Rice Intensification (SRI) program in the Lower Mekong Basin. Key points:
- SRI has been implemented across 11 provinces and 33 districts in 4 countries, involving over 15,000 farmers. It has led to improved livelihoods through higher productivity and profits with more efficient water and fertilizer use.
- The program is collaborative, involving farmers, researchers, trainers and local consortia across 15 institutions. It uses a participatory action research approach with over 500 farmer sites.
- Evaluation shows SRI leads to 52% higher yields, 70% greater profits, and more efficient use of resources, with 16% less greenhouse gas emissions. It provides
Land suitability and availability for biofuel feedstock production in sub-Sah...SIANI
Presented as part of the seminar: South at the Steering Wheel - Improving sustainability in land investment for bioenergy in sub-Saharan Africa
29th May 2012, 08:00 - 17:30
Naturvårdsverket (Swedish EPA), Stockholm, Sweden
Speaker: Dr. Helen Watson, University of Kwazulu Natal (South Africa)
Helen Watson discusses assessing land suitability as often based on finding suitable land for a
specific feedstock. Her concerns include:
The limitations of the Integrated Biodiversity Assessment Tool (IBAT)(Dragisic et al., 2010) for African conditions
The lack of consideration of good management practices in agro-environmental zoning methodology, and the proposed exclusion of slopes steeper than 20% from being zoned as suitable, although such slopes are routinely used in commercial production
The lack of long term, spatially extensive data on the wide range of climatic parameters needed to predict yield performances in particular (1 km2) parcels.
The need for research on what changes in animal migration patterns could follow from climate change, and ensuring that any new fencing for bioenergy projects would not infer with such changes.
The inclusion of archaeologically and historically/culturally significant areas and sites into GIS. Literature on such sites often lacks GPS co-ordinates.
Methods & processes of active stakeholder engagement in successful land use for bioenergy
Poster at the 4th International Rice Congress
Authors: M. Bagayoko, G. Traoré, E. Styger, and D. Jenkins
Title: System of Intensification (SRI) - An Opportunity to Improve the Productivity and Resilience African Rice Production
Venue: Bangkok International Trade and Exhibition Centre (BITEC), Bangkok, Thailand
Date: October 28-31, 2014
Installment 8 of “World Resources Report: Creating a Sustainable Food Future” explores the potential to improve water management in rice production in order to reduce agricultural greenhouse gas emissions and save water. Find out more at http://www.wri.org/blog/2014/12/more-rice-less-methane
Building Climate Smart Agriculture in the Sahel (Africa's Drylands)
Presentation from March 1, 2012 discussion on experiences in the Sahel using Climate Smart Agriculture to increase productivity and resiliency including lessons learned from farmer innovations and observed landscape transformations in Niger, Burkina Faso & Mali.
FInd out more at http://www.wri.org/event/2012/03/building-climate-smart-agriculture-and-resiliency-sahel
1. The Future Farm Industries Cooperative Research Centre aims to develop profitable perennial pastures and farming systems to change the nature of farming, create new industries, and improve natural resource management in southern Australia.
2. The CRC conducts research and development with partners to increase productivity, develop new regional industries using woody crops, and reduce environmental degradation through perennials. It estimates monetary benefits of $808 million by 2021 and $2.51 billion by 2030 from adopting perennial systems.
3. An analysis of adopting new perennial pastures in Western Victoria found they can improve farm profitability through increased carrying capacity and returns on investment, but results depend on climate variability and supplementary feeding costs.
Asia Regional Planning Meeting-Scaling up Research for Development and Impact...ICRISAT
Assessing the impacts of climate change and evaluate climate adaptation strategies in terms of anticipated shifts in the crop growing periods, water availability, major crop yields, and evaluate adaption strategies for developing climate resilient farming systems and to develop knowledge and skills of stakeholders on improved technologies for sustainable crop intensification.
Mike McGahuey, Natural Resources Management Specialist, USAID
Presentation from March 1, 2012 discussion on experiences in the Sahel using Climate Smart Agriculture to increase productivity and resiliency including lessons learned from farmer innovations and observed landscape transformations in Niger, Burkina Faso & Mali.
FInd out more at http://www.wri.org/event/2012/03/building-climate-smart-agriculture-and-resiliency-sahel
The document discusses the System of Rice Intensification (SRI) program in the Lower Mekong Basin. Key points:
- SRI has been implemented across 11 provinces and 33 districts in 4 countries, involving over 15,000 farmers. It has led to improved livelihoods through higher productivity and profits with more efficient water and fertilizer use.
- The program is collaborative, involving farmers, researchers, trainers and local consortia across 15 institutions. It uses a participatory action research approach with over 500 farmer sites.
- Evaluation shows SRI leads to 52% higher yields, 70% greater profits, and more efficient use of resources, with 16% less greenhouse gas emissions. It provides
Land suitability and availability for biofuel feedstock production in sub-Sah...SIANI
Presented as part of the seminar: South at the Steering Wheel - Improving sustainability in land investment for bioenergy in sub-Saharan Africa
29th May 2012, 08:00 - 17:30
Naturvårdsverket (Swedish EPA), Stockholm, Sweden
Speaker: Dr. Helen Watson, University of Kwazulu Natal (South Africa)
Helen Watson discusses assessing land suitability as often based on finding suitable land for a
specific feedstock. Her concerns include:
The limitations of the Integrated Biodiversity Assessment Tool (IBAT)(Dragisic et al., 2010) for African conditions
The lack of consideration of good management practices in agro-environmental zoning methodology, and the proposed exclusion of slopes steeper than 20% from being zoned as suitable, although such slopes are routinely used in commercial production
The lack of long term, spatially extensive data on the wide range of climatic parameters needed to predict yield performances in particular (1 km2) parcels.
The need for research on what changes in animal migration patterns could follow from climate change, and ensuring that any new fencing for bioenergy projects would not infer with such changes.
The inclusion of archaeologically and historically/culturally significant areas and sites into GIS. Literature on such sites often lacks GPS co-ordinates.
Methods & processes of active stakeholder engagement in successful land use for bioenergy
Poster at the 4th International Rice Congress
Authors: M. Bagayoko, G. Traoré, E. Styger, and D. Jenkins
Title: System of Intensification (SRI) - An Opportunity to Improve the Productivity and Resilience African Rice Production
Venue: Bangkok International Trade and Exhibition Centre (BITEC), Bangkok, Thailand
Date: October 28-31, 2014
Installment 8 of “World Resources Report: Creating a Sustainable Food Future” explores the potential to improve water management in rice production in order to reduce agricultural greenhouse gas emissions and save water. Find out more at http://www.wri.org/blog/2014/12/more-rice-less-methane
Building Climate Smart Agriculture in the Sahel (Africa's Drylands)
Presentation from March 1, 2012 discussion on experiences in the Sahel using Climate Smart Agriculture to increase productivity and resiliency including lessons learned from farmer innovations and observed landscape transformations in Niger, Burkina Faso & Mali.
FInd out more at http://www.wri.org/event/2012/03/building-climate-smart-agriculture-and-resiliency-sahel
The document summarizes achievements and challenges from a project introducing the System of Rice Intensification (SRI) to small farmers in Thai Nguyen and Phu Tho provinces in Vietnam. In the first year, over 500 farmer households applied SRI to over 40 hectares, increasing yields by 9% and profits by 11-13% while reducing inputs. However, farmers were initially fearful of SRI techniques and local authorities lacked resources. Strategies to address challenges included training farmers and staff, expanding demonstrations, and encouraging tool development and gender inclusion.
This document summarizes a soil sampling demonstration conducted on an 8.5 acre bermudagrass hay meadow. 12 individual soil subsamples were taken from across the field using a grid sampling system and an iPad application. Each subsample was tested separately, showing variations in soil fertility across the field. This reinforced the importance of taking a representative soil sample with multiple subsamples rather than a single sample, as recommended guidelines state 15-20 subsamples are needed per sample to represent no more than 20 acres. The results varied widely between locations, with a standard deviation of 70 pounds of phosphorus and 180 pounds of potassium. Proper soil sampling is crucial to avoid inaccurate results and improper fertilizer rates that can impact costs, crop yields and
Opportunities for forage improvement through the ILRI GenebankILRI
Presented by Chris Jones and Alieu Sartie at the Class IV of the University of California, Davis African Plant Breeding Academy Workshop, ILRI, Nairobi, 28 November 2018
The document discusses improving agricultural productivity and food security in the Arabian Peninsula through developing sustainable production systems using less water. It summarizes developing forage crops and rangeland rehabilitation, introducing protected agriculture techniques like greenhouses, and adopting integrated pest management. Case studies show these approaches increased farmers' incomes by 400%, water use efficiency, and crop yields per unit of land and water.
The document discusses improving agricultural productivity and food security in the Arabian Peninsula through developing sustainable production systems using less water. It summarizes developing forage crops and rangeland rehabilitation, introducing protected agriculture techniques like greenhouses, and adopting integrated pest management. Case studies show these approaches increased farmers' incomes by 400%, water use efficiency, and crop yields per unit of land and water.
Remote Sensing for Assessing Crop Residue Cover and Soil Tillage IntensityCIMMYT
Remote sensing –Beyond images
Mexico 14-15 December 2013
The workshop was organized by CIMMYT Global Conservation Agriculture Program (GCAP) and funded by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (BMGF), the Mexican Secretariat of Agriculture, Livestock, Rural Development, Fisheries and Food (SAGARPA), the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), CGIAR Research Program on Maize, the Cereal System Initiative for South Asia (CSISA) and the Sustainable Modernization of the Traditional Agriculture (MasAgro)
Title: System of Rice Intensification (SRI): Opportunities for Liberia
By: Erika Styger, Director of Programs, SRI-Rice
Presented at: Agriculture Coordination Committee (ACC), Ministry of Agriculture, Monrovia, Liberia
Date: February 17, 2014
by E.K. Panyan, N. Karbo, F.K. Avornyo, A., Ayantunde, F. Kizito, K. Tengan
Presented at the Final Volta Basin Development Challenge Science Workshop, September 2013
Sensor-based nitrogen management techniques can help reduce nitrogen usage and costs for cotton farmers. The document outlines a study in Coastal Plain soils that found sensor-based methods reduced nitrogen application by 15-100 lbs/acre for cotton compared to farmer practices, saving $9-60/acre. Soil electrical conductivity mapping and plant nitrogen rich strips were used to identify management zones. Mid-season plant NDVI readings from sensors were calculated in an algorithm to determine variable-rate nitrogen applications, accounting for soil amendments and previous crops. Results showed no yield differences between farmer practices and sensor methods, indicating potential for sensor technology to cut nitrogen costs for cotton growers.
Presentation by Dr Sultan Ahmed, Director of Natural Resources Management and Research, Department of Environment, Government of Bangladesh at CCAFS webinar 'Exploring GHG mitigation potential in rice production' on 18 September 2014.
Title: Agroecological Crop Management for Increased Productivity- Experience with Rice and Other Crops
Date: 24 January 2013
Presented by Norman Uphoff at the 6th International Seminar on Agricultural Policies, Instituto Interamericano de Cooperation para la Agricultura (IICA), Santo Domingo, Domincan Republic
Garth Ruff - Ohio Fertilizer Applicators Laws - Certification and RestrictionsJohn Blue
This document discusses Ohio laws regarding fertilizer applicator certification and restrictions. It notes that under Senate Bill 150, any applicator applying fertilizer to more than 50 acres of agricultural production grown primarily for sale will need certification by September 2017. Applicators must recertify every three years by attending training. Uncertified applicators may apply fertilizer under instruction and control of a certified applicator. The document also provides information on the definition of fertilizer and exceptions to the certification requirements.
This document summarizes a presentation on introducing Kenyan participation in climate-smart agriculture practices through the System of Rice Intensification (SRI). It notes that 40 participants from farmer groups, researchers, government ministries, and international organizations are attending. SRI trials in Kenya have shown yields can be increased by up to 2 bags/acre compared to conventional methods, with a 28% increase in net income. Key challenges include mindsets resistant to change and lack of proper weeders and extension workers, but lessons indicate that scientific basis for SRI has been proven and adoption rates are improving through training. The presentation concludes by thanking participants and noting that SRI results in rice being "eaten with a smile."
The document discusses participatory irrigation management lessons learned from projects in Indonesia. It summarizes that projects in eastern Indonesia improved irrigation systems and management, increasing yields and incomes. Water user associations were formed and successfully took over management. The System of Rice Intensification technique was introduced, reducing water and inputs while increasing yields by 50-100%. Its use is expanding rapidly in project areas.
Poster at the 4th International Rice Congress
Presenter: Devon Jenkins, Gaoussou Traore, Erika Styger and Minamba Bagayoko
Title: Improving and Scaling Up the System of Rice Intensification in West Africa
Venue: Bangkok International Trade and Exhibition Centre (BITEC), Bangkok, Thailand
Date: October 28-31, 2014
Presentation at the Workshop on Crop Production Equipment for the System of Rice Intensification (SRI)
Presenter: Gaoussou Traore
Title:The West Africa Agricultural Productivity Program / Direct Seeders for Pregerminated Seeds
Date: November 1, 2014
Venue: ACISAI, Asian Institute of Technology, Thailand, weeders
Tilapia cage culture in Ghana is profitable, though the cost to produce 1kg of tilapia is 70% higher than in other countries like China and Egypt mainly due to higher fish feed costs that are twice as expensive. Productivity levels in Ghana are similar to other countries but could increase through newer tilapia breeds that yield 40-60% more. There is huge potential to expand Ghana's aquaculture industry to meet local demand and possibly export to other regions through reducing fish feed costs, increasing productivity, and initial government support of infrastructure, policies, and fish strains.
This document describes an intercropping project in Nigeria that aims to develop a decision support tool for intensification options for cassava intercropping. The project conducted over 150 trials across multiple states comparing various planting densities, fertilizer applications, and varieties of cassava and maize. Preliminary data collected at maize harvest showed responses to fertilizer treatment and some farmer preferences. Challenges included rodent damage, erosion, and aligning the short-duration maize variety with local growing seasons. Next steps include modifying protocols based on farmer preferences for fresh cob yields, adjusting fertilizer timing, and planning the next season's trials.
Breeding for Organic Production Systems: On Farm Variety TrialsRAFI-USA
The Rural Advancement Foundation International (RAFI) partners with North Carolina State University (NCSU) to conduct the Breeding for Organic Production Systems (BOPS) project. The project aims to improve crops for organic farmers through on-farm variety trials. RAFI helps organic growers by providing information on new varieties and conducting rigorous on-farm trials that meet farmers' needs. Previous trials have evaluated corn, wheat, soybean and peanut varieties, identifying those with traits like disease resistance and weed competitiveness that perform best under organic conditions. RAFI works with farmers to design and implement the trials, collecting data on yields and other traits to help organic producers choose the varieties most suitable for their farms.
The document summarizes achievements and challenges from a project introducing the System of Rice Intensification (SRI) to small farmers in Thai Nguyen and Phu Tho provinces in Vietnam. In the first year, over 500 farmer households applied SRI to over 40 hectares, increasing yields by 9% and profits by 11-13% while reducing inputs. However, farmers were initially fearful of SRI techniques and local authorities lacked resources. Strategies to address challenges included training farmers and staff, expanding demonstrations, and encouraging tool development and gender inclusion.
This document summarizes a soil sampling demonstration conducted on an 8.5 acre bermudagrass hay meadow. 12 individual soil subsamples were taken from across the field using a grid sampling system and an iPad application. Each subsample was tested separately, showing variations in soil fertility across the field. This reinforced the importance of taking a representative soil sample with multiple subsamples rather than a single sample, as recommended guidelines state 15-20 subsamples are needed per sample to represent no more than 20 acres. The results varied widely between locations, with a standard deviation of 70 pounds of phosphorus and 180 pounds of potassium. Proper soil sampling is crucial to avoid inaccurate results and improper fertilizer rates that can impact costs, crop yields and
Opportunities for forage improvement through the ILRI GenebankILRI
Presented by Chris Jones and Alieu Sartie at the Class IV of the University of California, Davis African Plant Breeding Academy Workshop, ILRI, Nairobi, 28 November 2018
The document discusses improving agricultural productivity and food security in the Arabian Peninsula through developing sustainable production systems using less water. It summarizes developing forage crops and rangeland rehabilitation, introducing protected agriculture techniques like greenhouses, and adopting integrated pest management. Case studies show these approaches increased farmers' incomes by 400%, water use efficiency, and crop yields per unit of land and water.
The document discusses improving agricultural productivity and food security in the Arabian Peninsula through developing sustainable production systems using less water. It summarizes developing forage crops and rangeland rehabilitation, introducing protected agriculture techniques like greenhouses, and adopting integrated pest management. Case studies show these approaches increased farmers' incomes by 400%, water use efficiency, and crop yields per unit of land and water.
Remote Sensing for Assessing Crop Residue Cover and Soil Tillage IntensityCIMMYT
Remote sensing –Beyond images
Mexico 14-15 December 2013
The workshop was organized by CIMMYT Global Conservation Agriculture Program (GCAP) and funded by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (BMGF), the Mexican Secretariat of Agriculture, Livestock, Rural Development, Fisheries and Food (SAGARPA), the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), CGIAR Research Program on Maize, the Cereal System Initiative for South Asia (CSISA) and the Sustainable Modernization of the Traditional Agriculture (MasAgro)
Title: System of Rice Intensification (SRI): Opportunities for Liberia
By: Erika Styger, Director of Programs, SRI-Rice
Presented at: Agriculture Coordination Committee (ACC), Ministry of Agriculture, Monrovia, Liberia
Date: February 17, 2014
by E.K. Panyan, N. Karbo, F.K. Avornyo, A., Ayantunde, F. Kizito, K. Tengan
Presented at the Final Volta Basin Development Challenge Science Workshop, September 2013
Sensor-based nitrogen management techniques can help reduce nitrogen usage and costs for cotton farmers. The document outlines a study in Coastal Plain soils that found sensor-based methods reduced nitrogen application by 15-100 lbs/acre for cotton compared to farmer practices, saving $9-60/acre. Soil electrical conductivity mapping and plant nitrogen rich strips were used to identify management zones. Mid-season plant NDVI readings from sensors were calculated in an algorithm to determine variable-rate nitrogen applications, accounting for soil amendments and previous crops. Results showed no yield differences between farmer practices and sensor methods, indicating potential for sensor technology to cut nitrogen costs for cotton growers.
Presentation by Dr Sultan Ahmed, Director of Natural Resources Management and Research, Department of Environment, Government of Bangladesh at CCAFS webinar 'Exploring GHG mitigation potential in rice production' on 18 September 2014.
Title: Agroecological Crop Management for Increased Productivity- Experience with Rice and Other Crops
Date: 24 January 2013
Presented by Norman Uphoff at the 6th International Seminar on Agricultural Policies, Instituto Interamericano de Cooperation para la Agricultura (IICA), Santo Domingo, Domincan Republic
Garth Ruff - Ohio Fertilizer Applicators Laws - Certification and RestrictionsJohn Blue
This document discusses Ohio laws regarding fertilizer applicator certification and restrictions. It notes that under Senate Bill 150, any applicator applying fertilizer to more than 50 acres of agricultural production grown primarily for sale will need certification by September 2017. Applicators must recertify every three years by attending training. Uncertified applicators may apply fertilizer under instruction and control of a certified applicator. The document also provides information on the definition of fertilizer and exceptions to the certification requirements.
This document summarizes a presentation on introducing Kenyan participation in climate-smart agriculture practices through the System of Rice Intensification (SRI). It notes that 40 participants from farmer groups, researchers, government ministries, and international organizations are attending. SRI trials in Kenya have shown yields can be increased by up to 2 bags/acre compared to conventional methods, with a 28% increase in net income. Key challenges include mindsets resistant to change and lack of proper weeders and extension workers, but lessons indicate that scientific basis for SRI has been proven and adoption rates are improving through training. The presentation concludes by thanking participants and noting that SRI results in rice being "eaten with a smile."
The document discusses participatory irrigation management lessons learned from projects in Indonesia. It summarizes that projects in eastern Indonesia improved irrigation systems and management, increasing yields and incomes. Water user associations were formed and successfully took over management. The System of Rice Intensification technique was introduced, reducing water and inputs while increasing yields by 50-100%. Its use is expanding rapidly in project areas.
Poster at the 4th International Rice Congress
Presenter: Devon Jenkins, Gaoussou Traore, Erika Styger and Minamba Bagayoko
Title: Improving and Scaling Up the System of Rice Intensification in West Africa
Venue: Bangkok International Trade and Exhibition Centre (BITEC), Bangkok, Thailand
Date: October 28-31, 2014
Presentation at the Workshop on Crop Production Equipment for the System of Rice Intensification (SRI)
Presenter: Gaoussou Traore
Title:The West Africa Agricultural Productivity Program / Direct Seeders for Pregerminated Seeds
Date: November 1, 2014
Venue: ACISAI, Asian Institute of Technology, Thailand, weeders
Tilapia cage culture in Ghana is profitable, though the cost to produce 1kg of tilapia is 70% higher than in other countries like China and Egypt mainly due to higher fish feed costs that are twice as expensive. Productivity levels in Ghana are similar to other countries but could increase through newer tilapia breeds that yield 40-60% more. There is huge potential to expand Ghana's aquaculture industry to meet local demand and possibly export to other regions through reducing fish feed costs, increasing productivity, and initial government support of infrastructure, policies, and fish strains.
This document describes an intercropping project in Nigeria that aims to develop a decision support tool for intensification options for cassava intercropping. The project conducted over 150 trials across multiple states comparing various planting densities, fertilizer applications, and varieties of cassava and maize. Preliminary data collected at maize harvest showed responses to fertilizer treatment and some farmer preferences. Challenges included rodent damage, erosion, and aligning the short-duration maize variety with local growing seasons. Next steps include modifying protocols based on farmer preferences for fresh cob yields, adjusting fertilizer timing, and planning the next season's trials.
Breeding for Organic Production Systems: On Farm Variety TrialsRAFI-USA
The Rural Advancement Foundation International (RAFI) partners with North Carolina State University (NCSU) to conduct the Breeding for Organic Production Systems (BOPS) project. The project aims to improve crops for organic farmers through on-farm variety trials. RAFI helps organic growers by providing information on new varieties and conducting rigorous on-farm trials that meet farmers' needs. Previous trials have evaluated corn, wheat, soybean and peanut varieties, identifying those with traits like disease resistance and weed competitiveness that perform best under organic conditions. RAFI works with farmers to design and implement the trials, collecting data on yields and other traits to help organic producers choose the varieties most suitable for their farms.
This study examined the economic impacts of using cover crops in a corn-soybean rotation over four years at a research farm in Missouri. Results showed that while cover crops increased cash crop yields and revenues, they also increased costs, reducing net revenue in the first two years. By the fourth year, cover crops led to higher cash crop revenues than without cover crops as soil quality improved. For cover crops to be economically viable, the costs would need to be reduced by 55-77% or financial assistance provided equal to 5-33% of cash crop revenues to compensate for short-term losses from establishing cover crops. The results help inform policies supporting cover crop adoption.
This document summarizes research on developing new agronomic techniques for growing high quality organic sweet corn in maritime Canada. The researchers established test plots to compare a high intensity crop rotation with three vegetable crops in four years to a low intensity rotation with one vegetable crop every four years. They found that transplanting corn was necessary to establish stands due to cool, wet spring conditions that caused direct seeded seeds to rot. Using red clover as a cover crop, zone tilling it into the soil, and applying biodegradable mini mulch helped establish the corn transplants and provided nitrogen. With this system, they achieved marketable yields of 35,375 ears per hectare worth $26,531 at $9 per dozen,
The document summarizes 3 years of experience with the System of Rice Intensification (SRI) in Mali from 2007-2009. SRI was first tested on a small scale in 2007 in Timbuktu region, showing a 66% yield increase compared to traditional practices. In 2008, the methodology was expanded to 60 farmers across 12 villages, maintaining a 50-100% yield increase while reducing inputs. In 2009, SRI was scaled up to over 450 farmers across 57 villages in 5 regions of Mali, continuing to demonstrate substantial yield gains of 40-72% with reduced costs. The principles of SRI were also adapted successfully to rainfed and lowland rice systems in Southern Mali.
The document summarizes a study on the contribution of conservation agriculture principles (minimum soil disturbance, mulching, and crop rotation) to crop yields in Zimbabwe. It found that conventional tillage led to higher maize yields than reduced tillage. Integrating all three conservation agriculture principles did not increase maize yields compared to individual principles. The results for cowpea yields were inconclusive after two study seasons.
Farmer participatory variety selection in multi location on-farm sorghum vari...ICRISAT
Sorghum plays an important role in the diets and economies of the people of Nigeria. The average per capita annual sorghum consumption in major sorghum growing areas, is more than 75 kg/person and it contributes to more than 50% of the dietary micronutrient requirements, particularly in the northern state's smallholder farmers. However, since 2009, there has been a decline in its production in terms of area harvested and yields (FAOSTAT, 2012), attributable to the unavailability and dissemination of improved varieties and hybrids that are adapted to the Sudan and Sahel ecologies with unpredictable and low rainfall pattern and Striga infestation. In line with the Nigerian Agricultural Transformation Agenda (ATA), aimed at strengthening the economy through sorghum commodity transformation, ICRISAT in collaboration with Institute for Agricultural Research Ahmadu Bello University (IAR/ABU), developed and evaluated sorghum varieties with farmer participatory evaluation across major sorghum growing ecologies during 2015 rainy season.
1) A study was conducted in Kilombero, Tanzania to compare yields from Good Agricultural Practices (GAP) versus traditional farmer practices for rice production.
2) On-farm trials were set up in six villages comparing GAP techniques like certified seeds, inorganic fertilizers, and mechanical weeding to traditional practices.
3) GAP techniques significantly increased yields, with a range of 2.6-9.7 tons/hectare for GAP compared to 0.6-4.9 tons/hectare for traditional practices.
4) However, adoption of all GAP techniques faces challenges including low soil fertility, lack of irrigation infrastructure, and limited farmer knowledge and resources.
Targeting inputs in appropriate landscapes and farming systemsafrica-rising
This document summarizes a study that validated fertilizer recommendations for farmers across landscapes in Ethiopia. Researchers characterized districts by predicted crop response and classified them into response zones. Field experiments were conducted on 648 plots with 216 farmers in 3 regions, testing fertilizer treatments on tef, wheat, and maize. The decision guide predicted responses accurately for 63-78% of footslope, midslope, and hillslope plots. Results showed yield benefits varied by landscape position and introducing zinc and lime could further improve crop response to fertilizer. Plans for 2019 include quantifying yield differences by landscape and introducing lime effects.
Title: Improving and Scaling up the System of Rice Intensification in West Africa
Presented by: Erika Styger
Presented at: Third Africa Rice Congress
Venue and Date: Yaounde, Cameroon. October 21-24, 2013
1) The document summarizes research from ICRISAT on conservation agriculture practices in Zimbabwe. It includes research on the effects of conservation agriculture on soil fertility, maize yield, weed growth, and sorghum grain yields.
2) Key findings include that planting basins alone had no effect on soil infiltration rates compared to conventional tillage, but combining basins with mulching or legume rotations increased infiltration. Weed pressure was found to increase with the number of years of using planting basins.
3) Meta-analyses of over 80 conservation agriculture trials showed weighted mean maize grain yield differences between conservation agriculture and conventional tillage were variable depending on soil type, rainfall, and fertilizer usage.
Author: Dr. T. M. Thiyagarajan, Dean Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India
Title: Understanding the System of Rice Intensification (SRI) for Sustainable Rice Production
Presented at: The International Conference on Climate Change, Biodiversity and Sustainable Agriculture
Venue: Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat, Assam, India
Date: December 13-16
March 2021 - JBEI Research Highlight SlidesSaraHarmon4
This study evaluated the use of ionic liquids (ILs) for pretreatment of woody biomass to enable efficient deconstruction. Specifically, it compared protic and aprotic ILs for pretreatment of pine wood at the bench scale. Protic ILs like cholinium lysinate achieved 80% glucose and 70% xylose yields at high solids loading of 20%, representing an effective pretreatment. For the first time, an aprotic IL containing the ions 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium and acetate was shown to significantly improve the enzymatic digestibility of pine wood compared to untreated biomass. This work demonstrates the potential of developing new IL systems for low-cost and high-efficiency pret
This document summarizes a project that identified climate-smart agriculture (CSA) practices for smallholder cocoa farmers in Ghana along different climate impact zones. The project used literature reviews, expert and farmer interviews, field assessments, and workshops. It identified CSA recommendations for each zone, such as drip irrigation and drought-tolerant varieties for highly impacted areas. Farmers provided feedback, noting challenges to adopting some practices. The document concludes with enabling actions needed to support broader CSA adoption.
NIRMAN promotes more sustainable sugarcane cultivation practices through their Sustainable Sugarcane Initiative (SSI). SSI aims to improve smallholder farmers' livelihoods by increasing productivity while minimizing water usage and environmental impacts. Key practices include using fewer seedlings from nurseries, wider spacing, organic nutrient management, and intercropping. Farmers adopting SSI have experienced higher yields, reduced costs, and additional incomes from intercrops compared to traditional methods. However, issues remain around timely payments from mills and greater promotion of SSI is needed for wider adoption.
ICRISAT newsletter - Happenings, featured 2 stories from TL III workshops held in Nairobi, Kenya. 1. TL III Monitoring Learning and Evaluation workshop and TL III Genetic Gains - Program Improvement Plan. Read the happenings document for detailed deliberations and way forward from both the workshops.
Developing improved farming and marketing systems in rainfed regions of South...Joanna Hicks
This project aims to develop improved farming and marketing systems in rainfed regions of southern Laos. The project will conduct research at four hubs across different agro-ecological zones to diagnose farming systems, optimize crop and livestock technologies, and test approaches to scaling out improved varieties and marketing methods. The research will focus on rice, livestock, and crop diversification to address poverty, food insecurity, and constraints to production in the region. The project seeks to alleviate constraints from drought and flooding through systems research and on-farm trials with farmers.
Similar to Quantifying soil organic carbon in perennial forages in the southern Highlands of Tanzania (20)
Small ruminant keepers’ knowledge, attitudes and practices towards peste des ...ILRI
Presentation by Guy Ilboudo, Abel Sènabgè Biguezoton, Cheick Abou Kounta Sidibé, Modou Moustapha Lo, Zoë Campbell and Michel Dione at the 6th Peste des Petits Ruminants Global Research and Expertise Networks (PPR-GREN) annual meeting, Bengaluru, India, 28–30 November 2023.
Small ruminant keepers’ knowledge, attitudes and practices towards peste des ...ILRI
Poster by Guy Ilboudo, Abel Sènabgè Biguezoton, Cheick Abou Kounta Sidibé, Modou Moustapha Lo, Zoë Campbell and Michel Dione presented at the 6th Peste des Petits Ruminants Global Research and Expertise Networks (PPR-GREN) annual meeting, Bengaluru, India, 29 November 2023.
A training, certification and marketing scheme for informal dairy vendors in ...ILRI
Presentation by Silvia Alonso, Jef L. Leroy, Emmanuel Muunda, Moira Donahue Angel, Emily Kilonzi, Giordano Palloni, Gideon Kiarie, Paula Dominguez-Salas and Delia Grace at the Micronutrient Forum 6th Global Conference, The Hague, Netherlands, 16 October 2023.
Milk safety and child nutrition impacts of the MoreMilk training, certificati...ILRI
Poster by Silvia Alonso, Emmanuel Muunda, Moira Donahue Angel, Emily Kilonzi, Giordano Palloni, Gideon Kiarie, Paula Dominguez-Salas, Delia Grace and Jef L. Leroy presented at the Micronutrient Forum 6th Global Conference, The Hague, Netherlands, 16 October 2023.
Preventing the next pandemic: a 12-slide primer on emerging zoonotic diseasesILRI
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help boost feelings of calmness, happiness and focus.
Preventing preventable diseases: a 12-slide primer on foodborne diseaseILRI
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms for those who already suffer from conditions like anxiety and depression.
Preventing a post-antibiotic era: a 12-slide primer on antimicrobial resistanceILRI
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise boosts blood flow, releases endorphins, and promotes changes in the brain which help enhance one's emotional well-being and mental clarity.
Food safety research in low- and middle-income countriesILRI
Presentation by Hung Nguyen-Viet at the first technical meeting to launch the Food Safety Working Group under the One Health Partnership framework, Hanoi, Vietnam, 28 September 2023
The Food Safety Working Group (FSWG) in Vietnam was created in 2015 at the request of the Deputy Prime Minister to address food safety issues in the country. It brings together government agencies, ministries, and development partners to facilitate joint policy dialogue and improve food safety. Over eight years of operations led by different organizations, the FSWG has contributed to various initiatives. However, it faces challenges of diminished government participation over time and dependence on active members. Going forward, it will strengthen its operations by integrating under Vietnam's One Health Partnership framework to better engage stakeholders and achieve policy impacts.
Reservoirs of pathogenic Leptospira species in UgandaILRI
Presentation by Lordrick Alinaitwe, Martin Wainaina, Salome Dürr, Clovice Kankya, Velma Kivali, James Bugeza, Martin Richter, Kristina Roesel, Annie Cook and Anne Mayer-Scholl at the University of Bern Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences Symposium, Bern, Switzerland, 29 June 2023.
Assessing meat microbiological safety and associated handling practices in bu...ILRI
Presentation by Patricia Koech, Winnie Ogutu, Linnet Ochieng, Delia Grace, George Gitao, Lily Bebora, Max Korir, Florence Mutua and Arshnee Moodley at the 8th All Africa Conference on Animal Agriculture, Gaborone, Botswana, 26–29 September 2023.
Ecological factors associated with abundance and distribution of mosquito vec...ILRI
Poster by Max Korir, Joel Lutomiah and Bernard Bett presented the 8th All Africa Conference on Animal Agriculture, Gaborone, Botswana, 26–29 September 2023.
Practices and drivers of antibiotic use in Kenyan smallholder dairy farmsILRI
Poster by Lydiah Kisoo, Dishon M. Muloi, Walter Oguta, Daisy Ronoh, Lynn Kirwa, James Akoko, Eric Fèvre, Arshnee Moodley and Lillian Wambua presented at Tropentag 2023, Berlin, Germany, 20–22 September 2023.
JAMES WEBB STUDY THE MASSIVE BLACK HOLE SEEDSSérgio Sacani
The pathway(s) to seeding the massive black holes (MBHs) that exist at the heart of galaxies in the present and distant Universe remains an unsolved problem. Here we categorise, describe and quantitatively discuss the formation pathways of both light and heavy seeds. We emphasise that the most recent computational models suggest that rather than a bimodal-like mass spectrum between light and heavy seeds with light at one end and heavy at the other that instead a continuum exists. Light seeds being more ubiquitous and the heavier seeds becoming less and less abundant due the rarer environmental conditions required for their formation. We therefore examine the different mechanisms that give rise to different seed mass spectrums. We show how and why the mechanisms that produce the heaviest seeds are also among the rarest events in the Universe and are hence extremely unlikely to be the seeds for the vast majority of the MBH population. We quantify, within the limits of the current large uncertainties in the seeding processes, the expected number densities of the seed mass spectrum. We argue that light seeds must be at least 103 to 105 times more numerous than heavy seeds to explain the MBH population as a whole. Based on our current understanding of the seed population this makes heavy seeds (Mseed > 103 M⊙) a significantly more likely pathway given that heavy seeds have an abundance pattern than is close to and likely in excess of 10−4 compared to light seeds. Finally, we examine the current state-of-the-art in numerical calculations and recent observations and plot a path forward for near-future advances in both domains.
Mending Clothing to Support Sustainable Fashion_CIMaR 2024.pdfSelcen Ozturkcan
Ozturkcan, S., Berndt, A., & Angelakis, A. (2024). Mending clothing to support sustainable fashion. Presented at the 31st Annual Conference by the Consortium for International Marketing Research (CIMaR), 10-13 Jun 2024, University of Gävle, Sweden.
The debris of the ‘last major merger’ is dynamically youngSérgio Sacani
The Milky Way’s (MW) inner stellar halo contains an [Fe/H]-rich component with highly eccentric orbits, often referred to as the
‘last major merger.’ Hypotheses for the origin of this component include Gaia-Sausage/Enceladus (GSE), where the progenitor
collided with the MW proto-disc 8–11 Gyr ago, and the Virgo Radial Merger (VRM), where the progenitor collided with the
MW disc within the last 3 Gyr. These two scenarios make different predictions about observable structure in local phase space,
because the morphology of debris depends on how long it has had to phase mix. The recently identified phase-space folds in Gaia
DR3 have positive caustic velocities, making them fundamentally different than the phase-mixed chevrons found in simulations
at late times. Roughly 20 per cent of the stars in the prograde local stellar halo are associated with the observed caustics. Based
on a simple phase-mixing model, the observed number of caustics are consistent with a merger that occurred 1–2 Gyr ago.
We also compare the observed phase-space distribution to FIRE-2 Latte simulations of GSE-like mergers, using a quantitative
measurement of phase mixing (2D causticality). The observed local phase-space distribution best matches the simulated data
1–2 Gyr after collision, and certainly not later than 3 Gyr. This is further evidence that the progenitor of the ‘last major merger’
did not collide with the MW proto-disc at early times, as is thought for the GSE, but instead collided with the MW disc within
the last few Gyr, consistent with the body of work surrounding the VRM.
Evidence of Jet Activity from the Secondary Black Hole in the OJ 287 Binary S...Sérgio Sacani
Wereport the study of a huge optical intraday flare on 2021 November 12 at 2 a.m. UT in the blazar OJ287. In the binary black hole model, it is associated with an impact of the secondary black hole on the accretion disk of the primary. Our multifrequency observing campaign was set up to search for such a signature of the impact based on a prediction made 8 yr earlier. The first I-band results of the flare have already been reported by Kishore et al. (2024). Here we combine these data with our monitoring in the R-band. There is a big change in the R–I spectral index by 1.0 ±0.1 between the normal background and the flare, suggesting a new component of radiation. The polarization variation during the rise of the flare suggests the same. The limits on the source size place it most reasonably in the jet of the secondary BH. We then ask why we have not seen this phenomenon before. We show that OJ287 was never before observed with sufficient sensitivity on the night when the flare should have happened according to the binary model. We also study the probability that this flare is just an oversized example of intraday variability using the Krakow data set of intense monitoring between 2015 and 2023. We find that the occurrence of a flare of this size and rapidity is unlikely. In machine-readable Tables 1 and 2, we give the full orbit-linked historical light curve of OJ287 as well as the dense monitoring sample of Krakow.
(June 12, 2024) Webinar: Development of PET theranostics targeting the molecu...Scintica Instrumentation
Targeting Hsp90 and its pathogen Orthologs with Tethered Inhibitors as a Diagnostic and Therapeutic Strategy for cancer and infectious diseases with Dr. Timothy Haystead.
CLASS 12th CHEMISTRY SOLID STATE ppt (Animated)eitps1506
Description:
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From crystalline structures to semiconductor devices, this presentation delves into the intricate principles governing the behavior of solids, providing clear explanations and illustrative examples to enhance understanding. Whether you're a student delving into the subject for the first time or a seasoned researcher seeking to deepen your knowledge, our presentation offers valuable insights and in-depth analyses to cater to various levels of expertise.
Key topics covered include:
Crystal Structures: Unravel the mysteries of crystalline arrangements and their significance in determining material properties.
Band Theory: Explore the electronic band structure of solids and understand how it influences their conductive properties.
Semiconductor Physics: Delve into the behavior of semiconductors, including doping, carrier transport, and device applications.
Magnetic Properties: Investigate the magnetic behavior of solids, including ferromagnetism, antiferromagnetism, and ferrimagnetism.
Optical Properties: Examine the interaction of light with solids, including absorption, reflection, and transmission phenomena.
With visually engaging slides, informative content, and interactive elements, our online PowerPoint presentation serves as a valuable resource for students, educators, and enthusiasts alike, facilitating a deeper understanding of the captivating world of solid-state physics. Explore the intricacies of solid-state materials and unlock the secrets behind their remarkable properties with our comprehensive presentation.
When I was asked to give a companion lecture in support of ‘The Philosophy of Science’ (https://shorturl.at/4pUXz) I decided not to walk through the detail of the many methodologies in order of use. Instead, I chose to employ a long standing, and ongoing, scientific development as an exemplar. And so, I chose the ever evolving story of Thermodynamics as a scientific investigation at its best.
Conducted over a period of >200 years, Thermodynamics R&D, and application, benefitted from the highest levels of professionalism, collaboration, and technical thoroughness. New layers of application, methodology, and practice were made possible by the progressive advance of technology. In turn, this has seen measurement and modelling accuracy continually improved at a micro and macro level.
Perhaps most importantly, Thermodynamics rapidly became a primary tool in the advance of applied science/engineering/technology, spanning micro-tech, to aerospace and cosmology. I can think of no better a story to illustrate the breadth of scientific methodologies and applications at their best.
Microbial interaction
Microorganisms interacts with each other and can be physically associated with another organisms in a variety of ways.
One organism can be located on the surface of another organism as an ectobiont or located within another organism as endobiont.
Microbial interaction may be positive such as mutualism, proto-cooperation, commensalism or may be negative such as parasitism, predation or competition
Types of microbial interaction
Positive interaction: mutualism, proto-cooperation, commensalism
Negative interaction: Ammensalism (antagonism), parasitism, predation, competition
I. Mutualism:
It is defined as the relationship in which each organism in interaction gets benefits from association. It is an obligatory relationship in which mutualist and host are metabolically dependent on each other.
Mutualistic relationship is very specific where one member of association cannot be replaced by another species.
Mutualism require close physical contact between interacting organisms.
Relationship of mutualism allows organisms to exist in habitat that could not occupied by either species alone.
Mutualistic relationship between organisms allows them to act as a single organism.
Examples of mutualism:
i. Lichens:
Lichens are excellent example of mutualism.
They are the association of specific fungi and certain genus of algae. In lichen, fungal partner is called mycobiont and algal partner is called
II. Syntrophism:
It is an association in which the growth of one organism either depends on or improved by the substrate provided by another organism.
In syntrophism both organism in association gets benefits.
Compound A
Utilized by population 1
Compound B
Utilized by population 2
Compound C
utilized by both Population 1+2
Products
In this theoretical example of syntrophism, population 1 is able to utilize and metabolize compound A, forming compound B but cannot metabolize beyond compound B without co-operation of population 2. Population 2is unable to utilize compound A but it can metabolize compound B forming compound C. Then both population 1 and 2 are able to carry out metabolic reaction which leads to formation of end product that neither population could produce alone.
Examples of syntrophism:
i. Methanogenic ecosystem in sludge digester
Methane produced by methanogenic bacteria depends upon interspecies hydrogen transfer by other fermentative bacteria.
Anaerobic fermentative bacteria generate CO2 and H2 utilizing carbohydrates which is then utilized by methanogenic bacteria (Methanobacter) to produce methane.
ii. Lactobacillus arobinosus and Enterococcus faecalis:
In the minimal media, Lactobacillus arobinosus and Enterococcus faecalis are able to grow together but not alone.
The synergistic relationship between E. faecalis and L. arobinosus occurs in which E. faecalis require folic acid
Sexuality - Issues, Attitude and Behaviour - Applied Social Psychology - Psyc...PsychoTech Services
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Sexuality - Issues, Attitude and Behaviour - Applied Social Psychology - Psyc...
Quantifying soil organic carbon in perennial forages in the southern Highlands of Tanzania
1. § First results show higher soil organic carbon (SOC) in Rhodes
plots compared to neighboring maize plots.
§ Data from on-farm controlled plots likely to provide more
robust SOC results.
§ Calibrated crop-models needed to assess the long-term SOC
storage in perennial forage grasses in East Africa.
Quantifying soil organic carbon in
perennial forages in the Southern
Highlands of Tanzania
Preliminary results
CLIMATE CHANGE &
GREENHOUSE GAS REDUCTION
The CGIAR Research Program on Livestock thanks all donors & organizations
which globally support its work through their contributions to the CGIAR Trust
Fund. cgiar.org/funders
This document is licensed for use under the Creative Commons
Attribution 4.0 International Licence. June 2020
Rhodes grass in a farmers plot in the Southern highlands of Tanzania
Context
• Forage grasses (e.g. Rhodes and Brachiaria) are widely
grown in livestock systems within sub-Saharan Africa.
• Evidence of their soil organic carbon (SOC)
sequestration potential remains scarce.
• We are quantifying SOC in different perennial forages in
the southern highlands of Tanzania.
Our innovative approach
• Paired-plot soils sampling approach to compare SOC in
forages & annual croplands.
• Analyzed soils samples from 65 farmers plots with
Rhodes and neighboring plots with maize.
• On-farm trials with different perennial forages ongoing
in 3 districts in the southern highlands.
Future steps
• Detailed statistical analyses to understand the
differences in SOC.
• Soil sampling and analysis for 3 years in the
ongoing on-farm trials.
• Calibration and evaluation of the DSSAT CROPGRO
model using data from the demo plots.
• Modeling the long-term SOC sequestration for
different perennial forages.
Sylvia Nyawira, CIAT
s.nyawira@cgiar.org
LIVESTOCK & ENVIRONMENT
The average SOC content in Rhodes and maize farmers plots.
The age category is based on the Rhodes plot.
• SOC content slightly higher in Rhodes plots
compared to the maize plots.
One of the on-farm trials in the southern highlands in Tanzania