This document introduces common surgical instruments used in oral and maxillofacial surgery. It describes scalpel blades, periosteal elevators, retractors, forceps for grasping tissue and controlling hemorrhage, bone cutting instruments like rongeurs and chisels, instruments for removing soft tissue from bone, suturing tools like needle holders and suture materials, dental extraction instruments like elevators and forceps, and various trays used in oral surgery procedures. The purpose is to familiarize residents with the basic instrumentation required to perform routine dental extractions and other oral surgical operations.
The presentation deals with the various suturing materials available and the different kinds of techniques used. Attempts have been made to simplify the text and support with suitable illustrations. Hope you like it!
Suggestions and feedback will be highly appreciated! :)
Instruments in major oral and maxillofacial surgeryDrKamini Dadsena
A surgical instrument is a specially designed tool or device for performing specific actions and carrying out desired effects during surgery or operations.
Instruments used in oral and maxillofacial surgeryCing Sian Dal
Instruments used in oral and maxillofacial surgery
Copyright (c) Dr. Ko Ko Maung
Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery
University of Dental Medicine, Yangon
The presentation deals with the various suturing materials available and the different kinds of techniques used. Attempts have been made to simplify the text and support with suitable illustrations. Hope you like it!
Suggestions and feedback will be highly appreciated! :)
Instruments in major oral and maxillofacial surgeryDrKamini Dadsena
A surgical instrument is a specially designed tool or device for performing specific actions and carrying out desired effects during surgery or operations.
Instruments used in oral and maxillofacial surgeryCing Sian Dal
Instruments used in oral and maxillofacial surgery
Copyright (c) Dr. Ko Ko Maung
Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery
University of Dental Medicine, Yangon
GOALS OF SUTURING, CLASSIFICATION OF SUTURE MATERIALS According to source, CLASSIFICATION OF SUTURE MATERIALS According to Structure, CLASSIFICATION OF SURGICAL NEEDLES, IDEAL PROPERTIES OF NEEDLES, BODY OF NEEDLE, SUTURE SIZES, THE EYE OF THE NEEDLE, PRINCIPLES OF SUTURE SELECTION, Gut/ Chromic Gut, SILK, Collagen SUTURE, Vicryl (Polyglactin 910), Dexon and PGA, SURGICAL COTTON, GLYCOLIC ACID (MAXON) POLYGLYCONATE, NYLON, Polymerized Caprolactam, Polymerized Caprolactam, Polypropylene, Stainless Steel, Anesthetic Solutions, Wound Preparation, Principles And Techniques, Wound antisepsis and sterile technique, Wound antisepsis and sterile technique, Wound antisepsis and sterile technique, The interrupted suture, The full surgeon s knot, The full surgeon s knot, The simple or spiral continuous suture technique, The locked continuous suture, The locked and secured continuous suture, The external horizontal mattress suture The buried horizontal mattress suture, The buried vertical mattress suture, The simple anchored (sling) suture, The sliding anchored (sling) suture, The continuous sling suture, Suturing Tips and Approaches by Anatomic Location, How to Care for Stitches (Sutures), Removal of suture, Principle of suture removal, Reasons for failure of sutures, Possible complications of leaving sutures for many days, Other Methods of Wound Closure, Ligating Clips, Tissue Adhesives,
EXODONTIA CAN BE DEFINED AS THE PAINLESS REMOVAL OF THE WHOLE TOOTH OR A TOOTH ROOT WITHOUT TRAUMA TO THE INVESTING TISSUES, SO THAT THE WOUND HEALS UNEVENTFULLY AND NO POST OPERATIVE PROSTHETIC PROBLEM IS CREATED.
Presented by
NAVEEN GOKUL R,
CRI (2023) CARNAZZIANZ,
DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTICS,
PRIYADARSHINI DENTAL COLLEGE - TN
Stents GPT 9th ed - Any supplementary device used in conjunction with a surgical procedure to keep a skin graft in place, often modified with acrylic resin or dental modeling plastic impression compound .
Splints - GPT 9th ed
A rigid or flexible device that maintains in position of a displaced or movable part; also used to protect and assists in stabilization and immobilization of an injured part.
CONTENTS:
INTRODUCTION
DEFINITION –STENTS
MATERIALS USED FOR STENTS
FUNCTIONS OF STENTS
TYPES OF STENTS
DEFINITION –SPLINTS
MATERIALS USED FOR SPLINTS
FUNCTIONS OF SPLINTS
TYPES OF SPLINTS
RECENT ADVANCEMENTS IN STENTS AND SPLINT THERAPIES
GOALS OF SUTURING, CLASSIFICATION OF SUTURE MATERIALS According to source, CLASSIFICATION OF SUTURE MATERIALS According to Structure, CLASSIFICATION OF SURGICAL NEEDLES, IDEAL PROPERTIES OF NEEDLES, BODY OF NEEDLE, SUTURE SIZES, THE EYE OF THE NEEDLE, PRINCIPLES OF SUTURE SELECTION, Gut/ Chromic Gut, SILK, Collagen SUTURE, Vicryl (Polyglactin 910), Dexon and PGA, SURGICAL COTTON, GLYCOLIC ACID (MAXON) POLYGLYCONATE, NYLON, Polymerized Caprolactam, Polymerized Caprolactam, Polypropylene, Stainless Steel, Anesthetic Solutions, Wound Preparation, Principles And Techniques, Wound antisepsis and sterile technique, Wound antisepsis and sterile technique, Wound antisepsis and sterile technique, The interrupted suture, The full surgeon s knot, The full surgeon s knot, The simple or spiral continuous suture technique, The locked continuous suture, The locked and secured continuous suture, The external horizontal mattress suture The buried horizontal mattress suture, The buried vertical mattress suture, The simple anchored (sling) suture, The sliding anchored (sling) suture, The continuous sling suture, Suturing Tips and Approaches by Anatomic Location, How to Care for Stitches (Sutures), Removal of suture, Principle of suture removal, Reasons for failure of sutures, Possible complications of leaving sutures for many days, Other Methods of Wound Closure, Ligating Clips, Tissue Adhesives,
EXODONTIA CAN BE DEFINED AS THE PAINLESS REMOVAL OF THE WHOLE TOOTH OR A TOOTH ROOT WITHOUT TRAUMA TO THE INVESTING TISSUES, SO THAT THE WOUND HEALS UNEVENTFULLY AND NO POST OPERATIVE PROSTHETIC PROBLEM IS CREATED.
Presented by
NAVEEN GOKUL R,
CRI (2023) CARNAZZIANZ,
DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTICS,
PRIYADARSHINI DENTAL COLLEGE - TN
Stents GPT 9th ed - Any supplementary device used in conjunction with a surgical procedure to keep a skin graft in place, often modified with acrylic resin or dental modeling plastic impression compound .
Splints - GPT 9th ed
A rigid or flexible device that maintains in position of a displaced or movable part; also used to protect and assists in stabilization and immobilization of an injured part.
CONTENTS:
INTRODUCTION
DEFINITION –STENTS
MATERIALS USED FOR STENTS
FUNCTIONS OF STENTS
TYPES OF STENTS
DEFINITION –SPLINTS
MATERIALS USED FOR SPLINTS
FUNCTIONS OF SPLINTS
TYPES OF SPLINTS
RECENT ADVANCEMENTS IN STENTS AND SPLINT THERAPIES
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Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
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Workout Routine
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Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
2. INTRODUCTION
• The purpose is to introduce the instrumentation commonly
required to perform routine dental extractions and other basic
oral surgical operations.
• These instruments are used for a wide variety of purposes,
including soft and hard tissue procedures.
3. INCISING TISSUES
The most commonly used handle for oral
surgery is the No. 3 handle. The tip of a
scalpel handle is prepared to receive a
variety of differently shaped scalpel blades
to be inserted onto the slotted portion of
the handle
Scalpel Blades: Left to right: #10 , #11, #12 and #15
5. ELEVATING THE MUCOPERIOSTEUM
• When an incision is made ideally the periosteum should be reflected from the
underlying cortical bone in a single layer with a periosteal elevator.
• No. 9 Molt Periosteal Elevator
• Two ends: Pointed and broad
• Three methods: 1. Twisting, 2. Push stroke and 3. Pull stroke
6. RETRACTING SOFT TISSUE
• Good access and vision are essential to performing excellent surgery.
• Retractors can also help protect soft tissue from sharp cutting instruments.
Right Angle Austin Retractor
Minnesota Retractor
7. WEIDER RETRACTOR – HEART SHAPED
Henahan (top) and Seldin (bottom)
Retractors
9. GRASPING SOFT TISSUE
• Most commonly used Tissue Forceps is the Adson’s or the pick-up
• If in posterior parts of the mouth then the Adson’s will be too short,
Stillies forceps are longer and useful in this situation.
• College or cotton forceps useful for broken restorations or fragments of
teeth.
11. CONTROLLING HEMORRHAGE - HEMOSTAT
• Mosquito or artery forceps are other names.
• Has long and delicate beaks used to grasp tissue and a locking handle.
• Transverse serrations.
12. CUTTING BONE
• Rongeur forceps most commonly used
• Handpiece and bur [ALWAYS WITH WATER] WHY?
• Mallet and Chisel
• Bone File
19. SUTURE MATERIALS
• Classified by diameter, resorbability, and whether they are monofilament or poly-
filament.
• Size of suture relates to its diameter and the diameter most commonly used in
the suturing of oral mucosa is 3-0 (000). The greater the number the smaller the
size.
• Resorbable vs. Non-Resorbable
• Non-Resorbable suture materials include such types as silk, nylon, vinyl, and
stainless. The most commonly used non-resorbable suture in the oral cavity is
silk.
• Resorbable sutures are primarily made of gut. Plain catgut resorbs quickly in the
oral cavity, rarely lasting longer than 3 to 5 days
• Chromic Gut lasts up to 7-10 days, Polyglycolic/Polyacitic acid sutures last up to 4
weeks
