The document contains 20 multiple choice questions testing knowledge about etiology, diagnosis and treatment planning in orthodontics. Key topics covered include characteristics of malocclusions like Class II div 2 and non-skeletal anterior crossbites, common dental anomalies like supernumerary teeth and their treatment, ideal ages for orthodontic treatment, and factors contributing to crowding and relapse. Cephalometric radiography is assessed as useful for evaluating tooth-bone and bone-bone relationships.

1. Etiology, diagnosis and treatment planning ---- part II
1) Premature exfoliation of primary canine may indicate:
a) An arch length deficiency.
b) An arch length excess.
c) Skeletal malocclusion.
d) All of the above.
2) The "ugly duckling " stage in mixed dentition is characterized by:
a) Increase overjet and deep overbite.
b) Distoangular axial inclination of both maxillary central and lateral incisors , with median diastema.
c) Transposition of maxillary central and lateral incisors.
d) Retroclination of maxillary central and proclination of lateral incisor.
3) Class II div. 2 malocclusion is always associated with:
a) Open bite.
b) Cross bite.
c) Siccor bite.
d) Deep bite.
4) Cephalometric is useful in assessing which of the following relationship:
a) Tooth to tooth.
b) Bone to bone.
c) Tooth to bone.
d) All of the above.

2. 5) The most common etiology of non-skeletal anterior cross bite is:
a) Delayed eruption of permanent teeth.
b) Over retention of primary incisors.
c) Lack of space for the permanent teeth.
d) Non of the above.
6) The tooth in the mandibular arch most likely to be malposed in cases of arch length discrepancy is the
a) 1st molar.
b) 2nd molar.
c) 1st premolar.
d) 2nd premolar.
7) In case of mid-line diastema and a large or inferiorly attached labial frenum:
a) Frenectomy should be done before the space closure.
b) Frenectomy should be done after the space closure if there is a tendency to relapse.
c) Frenectomy should be done either before or after the treatment.
d) Non of the above.
8) All are true for supernumerary teeth except:
a) Most commonly located in the anterior maxilla.
b) Are often discovered on panoramic radiograph when child is 6-7 years old.
c) Should be extracted as soon as possible.
d) Causes no harm to eruption of central incisors.
9) A convex facial profile is associated with the:

3. a) Class I jaw relation ships.
b) Class II jaw relation ships.
c) Class III jaw relation ships.
d) Non of the above.
10) Increased tendency of relapse after orthodontic treatment is seen in patient who undergo:
a) Counterclockwise surgical advancement of mandible.
b) Increased vertical dimension in face and acute gonial angle.
c) Rotation movement of teeth.
d) All of above.
11) Multiple supernumerary and unurupted teeth are characteristic feature of:
a) Treacher Collins syndrome.
b) Ectodermal dysplasia.
c) Cleidocranial dysplasia.
d) Crouzon`s syndrome.
12) The most commonly abnormally ( involving the tooth size ):
a) Maxillary lateral incisors and 2nd premolar.
b) Mandibular lateral incisors and 2nd premolar.
c) Maxillary canine and lateral incisors.
d) Mandibular canine and lateral incisors.
13) Primate space are seen :
a) Between permanent maxillary lateral incisor and canine and lower canine and premolar.
b) Between deciduous maxillary lateral incisor and canine and lower canine and 1st molar.
c) Between permanent maxillary 2 and 3 and mandibular deciduous C and D.
d) Non of the above.
14) Frankforts horizontal plane extents from:

4. a) Porion to orbitale.
b) Nasion to porion.
c) Nasion to orbitale.
d) Gonion to orbitale.
15) Which of the following statement is correct in regarding the submerged primary molar:
a) Tooth is non vital.
b) The tooth is ankylosed.
c) There is no permanent successor.
d) Resoption of root is not evident.
16) Ideally malocclusion should be treated between the ages of:
a) 5 and 8 years.
b) 10 and 12 years.
c) 12 – 14 years.
d) Non of the above.
17) Asymmetric anterior open bite wi9th normal posterior intercuspation is characteristic of:
a) Finger sucking.
b) Mouth breathing.
c) Abnormal swallowing.
d) Non of the above.
18) In modern population , a strong tendency for crowding of mandibular incisor teeth to develop in the
late teen and early twenties is due to:
a) Lack of normal attrition in the normal diet.
b) Pressure from the erupting 3rd molar.

5. c) Late mandibular growth.
d) All of the above.
19) The primary 2nd molar teeth has a normal relationship to develop:
a) Flush terminal palne.
b) Mesial step relation ship.
c) Distal step relation ship.
d) Non of the above.
20) The radiographic cephalometry was introduced:
a) 1931.
b) 1932.
c) 1933.
d) 1934.

6. free count
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