1) The document discusses different geometric shapes including cubes, cuboids, cylinders, cones, and spheres. It provides formulas for calculating the surface area and volume of each shape. 2) Specific examples are given of how to calculate the surface area of a cube, cuboid, cylinder, and cone using various formulas like Surface Area of Cube = 6a^2. 3) The volume formulas for each shape are also outlined, such as the Volume of a Sphere = 4/3 πr^3. Real world examples are given to demonstrate applications of the different shapes.