Summer Essay

Summer Essay
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Summer Essay Summer Essay

A Brief Note On Income Tax Law And Practice
BULAW3731 Income Tax Law Practice
Individual Assignment
Essay
Submitted by: Name: Simant Sahi
Student ID: 30309353
Purpose of the Assignment To enable you to research an aspect of taxation law and its practice. It
is important for you to have time to think through how to structure and present your responses, and
to review and discuss what the law is or should be in a particular area. Whilst discussion with
others is encouraged, the final piece of work must be your own.
Topic
This year in Australia there will be a federal election, and tax reform is currently a topic of debate.
The Leader of the Opposition, the Honourable Bill Shorten MP, recently released an election policy
on negative gearing and the treatment of capital gains tax discounts as they relate to the housing
market (the Policy).
Required
Identify and explain the key areas of the Policy, then evaluate whether it exhibits the features
(characteristics) of a good tax system. In your response you must include an explanation of
negative gearing and the existing treatment of capital gains as they relate to property investors
referring to sections of legislation, tax rulings and cases where relevant. You must also identify and
discuss
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...

Tale Of The Shoe Internal Conflict
The Tale of the Shoe :
The Tale of a Struggle Within
The passage from Emma Donoghue s, The Tale of the Shoe, advances the idea that the struggle
between good and evil does not have to be presented through physical entities that it can be
developed through an internal conflict, which is shown through the use of agency and sensory
experience.
In the well known Cinderella story the antagonists are the evil stepmother and her two daughters,
an external force that attempts to cause suffering for and to control Cinderella. Donoghue s
version of the story argues that this perception of evil is not the only one that exists that evil can
come from an inner source. This is expressed via the manipulation of agency. Although the story
is told in third person limited, the agency of other forces seeps into the narrative. The antagonists
take the form of voices. The voices become a character of their own they have the ability to ask
questions and scold the narrator, They asked why I was still alive (Donoghue 2). These voices
force the protagonist to perform the traditional chores that Cinderella does, Nobody made me do the
things...The shrill ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The pain is caused by the evil within her and this restricts her. This restriction is seen with her
speech, Every word that came out of my mouth limped away like a toad (Donoghue 1). The fact
that the story opens with a line about the sensation of feeling or touch, Till she came it was all
cold (Donoghue 1) foreshadows that the she who comes will right all the wrongs with the
protagonists touch or senses. The evil within the narrator can only be solved with the help of the
woman, who evokes the good part of the senses. Sensory experience is re established as helpful
with the sight of beauty and goodness, from the woman from the fire, Her eyes had flames in their
centers, and her eyebrows were silvered with ash (Donoghue

Reasons For Dealing With Rural Villages
!
Factors to Consider when Dealing with Rural Villages Nerfe Alcos, Irvin Chang
Moanalua High School
February 24, 2015
Table Contents Abstract....................................................................................2
Definition of Rural........................................................................3 Access to Health
care.....................................................................3
Telemedicine...............................................................................5 Social
Differences.........................................................................5
Organizations..............................................................................7 ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Even when one is able to pass the practical hurdles, one must deal with the social concerning
hurdles such as language and cultural differences. Even with the help of organization such as
World Health Organization, providing medical necessities remains a concerning problem.
Healthcare providers must be able to subdue all of these hurdles to be able to provide adequate
service to their rural patients.
2
Definition
It has been a problem to discuss the medical needs of rural areas simply because there are many
areas that fall under the rural category. The term rural is considered very vague: a sparsely
populated non urban region. This means that the term rural can be branded to areas ranging from
semi developed areas such as Lanai, to the almost isolated villages of Yendi. Rural populations
differentiate from one another depending on the region they reside in. However, these regions have
some things in common such as non condensed population.
Although the amount of inhabitants varies from area to area, most rural areas share a constant.
The population density of almost all rural areas is low. Yendi, for example has a population 52,000
condensed in a area of 4,087.2 square kilometers. Burley, Idaho, another rural area is slightly more
condensed with a population of 10,456 residing in 16 square kilometers. When compared to the
12,150,996 inhabitants living within the 4,496 square kilometers of the urbanized Los

An Expert And A Disciple For An Extended Period
An expert is influential in many aspects of society like health and identity. Experts, for the
purpose of this paper are people who have a degree or have worked in a disciple for an extended
period. Additionally, an expert must have comprehensive or authoritative knowledge and skill in
their particular area of expertise. Facts are pieces of information that are indisputably the case and
are an objective reality. Interpretation is to understand (something) in a specified way that shows
your own thoughts and feelings about it; in the light of personal belief, judgment, or circumstance
[1]. Different definitions of experts, facts and interpretation could lead to different conclusions
about why there are disagreements between experts in a... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
She discovered that she did indeed have breast cancer but the doctor also told her that she could not
afford the surgery and that she would die within three to six months. The next doctor was able to
come up with a solution that she could afford and in the end, she beat cancer is able to continue
on with life. A similar situation was undergone by a family friend of mine. She had cancer
however it took visiting several different doctors to confirm this fact. The information was vital to
the girls beating of cancer yet the opinions of several doctors nearly resulted in the loss of her life.
This could have been for many reasons however mainly the interpretation was the result of
individualistic interpretation, personal bias and culture.
Intuition, as a way of knowing, deals with the ability to understand something immediately, without
the need for conscious reasoning and is a way of knowing used by experts to interpret facts. A
doctor must, at times, make tough decisions based on what he or she knows is right from past
circumstances or the training that the person has received. Decisions based on intuition on what
they perceive as the best plan of action to pursue. Additionally, sight, touch, experience, training and
hearing are used to diagnose a patient s condition. Similar condition of patients may appear
differently on each patient due to other contributing

Our Cosmic Neighborhood Summary
Our Cosmic Neighborhood is what scientist call as our solar system, Wanderers is what they call
planets and Stargazers is what they call themselves. Our closest planets are called terrestrial planets.
Our four outer larger planets are called gas giants. Each planet has its own magnetosphere that
moves with the planetand collect charged particles. Majority of the planets have magnetic field too.
Ptolemy thought that Earth was the center of the universe, later on Copernicus found out that the
planets and sun revolve around the Sun. Hans Lippershey was the man who built a device that
helped Stargazers find 3 new planets: Uranus, Neptune, and Pluto. Pluto now is not considered a
planet by the Stargazers because of its size and mass. These planets and others have meanings
behind their name that relate to Greek and Latin Mythology:
Jupiter: King of the Gods (Zeus)
Mars: God of war (Athena) ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In class we only mentioned Magnetospheres once but I never really knew what it was until now.
The person who written the article took much time to write so much that can be described in
such a little format. I see the cosmic neighborhood in a different point of view. We grew up with
knowing the planets in a short little song, now we learn about new words like Stargazer which
means to words Astronomers who make a difference and a finding in the world, we rely on them
to make sure if Mars or any planet is able to sustain living creatures . Then, the other word is
Telescope, this device helps us and others look into our galaxy and look at the stars for research
or just cause. A astronomer and telescope can influence todays society so well that in the future the
new generation now will be finding new galaxies and hopefully find us a planet where we can

Essay about SocratesвЂ™ Trial Defense in Terms of His Values
Socrates Trial Defense in Terms of His Values
In his Apology, Plato recounted the trial that led to the execution of his friend and mentor, Socrates.
The account revealed that values of Socrates accusers and his own fundamentally differed, and that
they had been angered because he tried to prove that they had misplaced theirs. Those differences
created conflict between the two parties that culminated in his trial. With the understanding that a
jury condemned Socrates to death and his defense nevertheless pleased him because he gave it
truthfully, it is most sensible to call it a good defense because he felt it was the best that he could do.
In reply to the first charge against him, Socrates effectively ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Had people believed that Socrates in fact had no wisdom, his reputation would not have become
so bad and his defense would have been more likely to succeed. He explained, however that
individuals whom he criticized took offense at him and grew angry because they felt that he had
more wisdom than they did. ...I am called wise, for my hearers always imagine that I myself
possess the wisdom which I find wanting in others: but the truth is, O men of Athens, that God only
is wise; and in this oracle he means to say that the wisdom of men is little or nothing... (Plato, 5)
While that statement would not have convinced many people that Socrates lacked wisdom, it
succeeded at presenting the idea that the oracle meant the wisdom of people is little or nothing.
That likely benefited him among his supporters and some neutral jurors because they could have
believed that Socrates mission had been to show that people lacked wisdom compared to gods
rather than that he had more wisdom than others did. Among people who disliked him or who took
pride in their wisdom, the argument would not have helped him; they wouldn t have believed in the
piety of his mission and they would have thought that it proved the superiority of his wisdom to
theirs.
Socrates then defended the second charge against him with logical arguments and facts of Athenian
society, both of which made this part of his overall defense

Kleenmaid Group Case Study
I FACTS
The Kleenmaid Group was a retail whitegoods business which operated a chain of Group owned
and franchised stores across Australia. Each of the 14 companies within the Kleenmaid Group went
into voluntary administration and were placed into liquidation on 25 May 2009. Mr Andrew Young
(the Defendant) was a director of numerous Kleenmaid companies at the time of the collapse. The
Defendant pleaded not guilty to the following charges:
п‚§Count 1 Westpac Fraud
п‚§Counts 2 to 19 Insolvent Trading
п‚§Count 20 Dishonest Transfer
The Crown case in relation to the Westpac fraud is that the Defendant dishonestly acquired a loan
of $13 million for a Kleenmaid company called EDIS Services Logistics Pty Ltd in November
2007. In relation to the insolvent trading counts, the Crown contends that, during a period from mid
2008 until before the collapse, the Defendant dishonestly failed to prevent EDIS Services Logistics
Pty Ltd from trading while it was insolvent. Finally, the Crown claims that the Defendant committed
a further dishonest act, by causing $330,000 to which the creditors of the Kleenmaid Group were
entitled to be transferred to an entity of which the Defendant was a shareholder.
II POINTS OF EVIDENCE
An opening discussion between counsel and the trial judge, followed by the Crown providing
clarification on an issue from a prior session, the examination in chief of Mr Brett Crawford, a voir
dire regarding the relevance of evidence, and the examination in chief of

Who Is Dimmesdale In The Scarlet Letter
In The Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne, the character Dimmesdale hides his relationship
with the main character, Hester, from the people of their town in order to maintain his status as
minister, and similarly, to uphold his ethos with the public. By doing so, Dimmesdale s character
evolves from the holy to the unraveled. As minister, Dimmesdale is the man that the citizens
confide in. Before his secret, he had no burdens of his own, and therefore, could handle taking on
the burdens of others. However, keeping his relationship with Hester a secret ate at Dimmesdale s
mind more and more as the story progresses. His main motivation is to protect himself; However,
it is evident that Dimmesdale achieves a mental break after he and Hester speak to each other in the
forest. Dimmesdale begins to think that he does not know what kind of man he is anymore, which
makes him question if other people have noticed any change. Dimmesdale scolds himself for
thinking violent... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Once Dimmesdale s two identities begin to clash, he decides to run away from the town and
people that makes him question himself, instead of facing the problem head on. Leaving the
town can be seen as Dimmesdale choosing to be the man that loved Hester instead of the man
that the people wanted him to be, but in reality, leaving without revealing his secret was the
easiest way for Dimmesdale to solve his confusion; he just ran away from it. In the back of his
mind, Dimmesdale will believe he is pure, and that he no longer has to admit to his sin.
However, the readers know from Pearl s reaction to her father that he is, in a sense, filthy for
lying. When Pearl and Dimmesdale meet, Pearl blames Dimmesdale for changing his mother, and
when he kisses Pearl, she washes it off in a stream, and throws a

Problems of a Self- Conscious Writer
Being a writer does not seem as hard as it sounds, but in reality, it is how you write that makes it
hard. A self conscious writing style takes more will power than other styles of writing, (In my
opinion.) There are many problems with being a self conscious writer and here are just a few
problems a person can have.
The first problem is that all the voices in your head are nonsense. They do not care for anything
else except to mess with your writing. This is especially hard for me because I will let the voices
take over and write the whole paper for me. In the past, I would not even look at my paper until the
voices were finished putting their opinion in. I stopped the voices from taking by over thinking. I
would constantly change the subject in my mind even though I would be writing; the voices would
be so confused by me switching topics that they would not even notice my writing. However, there
were sometimes when the voices would come through the megaphone and yell the same topic
continuously, which leads me to the next problem.
The second problem is repeating the same sentence. While there are many ways to form a sentence,
a self conscious writer will write it two different ways and think that it means something different.
For example, I like green peppers or green peppers are a vegetable that I like. They both mean the
same thing but they are worded differently. Repeating does not always happen with every sentence,
but it happens enough times in writing that it

The Story Of My Life
Mom, Leya s gonna be over any second to pick me up for school. I figured I d go ahead and tell you
bye since you don t look like you re coming down anytime soon. I plucked a sloppy kiss on her
cheek as she gave me an awkward half hug while shuffling through some more papers on her desk
in a nonplussed manner.
Sorry, Babe. Have a good day at school. Oh, before you leave! I dreadfully turned back to face her
in the doorway, aware that I now had her full attention for a reason I could tell that I wasn t going
to like. This Charlie kid... he seems pleasant enough. Are you two... more than just friends, by
chance?
UM, MOM! I placed a hand to my temple exasperatedly. We re just psych partners. No need to
further investigate.
Her ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
I won t be two minutes, I promised as I turned to go back into the house.
If you re more than that, does that mean I get to come into your room?! he called from behind me
before I could open the door.
This caused me to snap my head back with my mouth completely agape as I took in the same
stupid smile on his face. How dare you?! Just... wait out here! UGH! He had me flustered, and
he knew it; I could tell by the cackle that next rose from the depths of his throat. I proceeded to
change into the only clean clothes I appeared to have left: an off the shoulder, mid sleeve cream
blouse that Eric s ex girlfriend had gotten me for my birthday (it was one of his longest
relationships, and she was one committed gal) and a pair of blue jean shorts that Leya had left at
my place. It was just my luck that I had to wear the most uncomfortable thing I owned the day
Charlie unexpectedly decided to show up.
Mal? That you? Is something the matter? my mother called from the farthest reaches of her study.
Nothing, Ma! Just forgot my textbook! I yelled back.
All right! Be careful next time! We can t afford anything that s going to hinder you from getting a
scholarship! I knew she meant well, but the pressure still rose at the sharing of that comment.
Course, Mom! I then slipped quietly out the door and cleaned up the yogurt with the paper towels I
had grabbed from the kitchen on my way out the second time. I put the mess in the trash can out by
the bushes around

Child Trafficking Is A Universal Issue
According to the Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, Especially
Women and Children (2000), child trafficking is the recruitment, transportation, transfer, harbouring
or receipt of children for the purpose of exploitation. It is a violation of their rights, their well being
and denies them the opportunity to reach their full potential. Cathy Paris once said, Truthfully,
human traffickingis just a polite way to say modern day slavery. That being said, no human is
adequate to legislate and alternate a fellow human, without that humans assent. Even though slavery
was abolished centuries ago, it still lingers on secretly in many countries in the world.
Unfortunately, Child trafficking is a universal issue... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
According to the World Bank report Ghana has a population of approximately 25.90 million and
GDP of 47.93 billion dollars in 2013(Worldbank.org, 2014). That goes to say that there should be
enough resources to be able to implement full measures to invest in education and job creation so
as to alleviate poverty in the country. For most non Western countries, the reasons why most of
these important issues are overlooked is because of systemic corruption.
Corruption is the only logic answer that can explain the neglect of this phenomenon. Tragically,
the legislature of Ghana and in addition other African nations permits and supports these
misbehaviors. Degenerate practices are sought after for own self increase. Thus the reasons
explicable for the growth of Child trafficking in Ghana are neglect by the government, the fear of
the cost to be incurred by the government if child trafficking is to be tackled and finally the
absence of an effective the rule of law in Ghana. Corruption is ultimately the only logic reason
why all the factors mentioned above would thrive. Since the economy of Ghana is steadily
growing, why is this prevalent in the rural areas? Through analysis of the topic of Child
Trafficking in Ghana I argue that even though it is not yet a widespread issue, as we know
corruption to erode, in years to come if measures are not put into place, it will become a nationwide
calamity. Therefore, the objective of this

Scriticism In The Sirens Of Titans
Most science fiction is rooted in the belief that through thinking human beings can indeed save the
planet and the species and that progress is not only possible but probable through science (Morse
293). Dealing with themes common to most science fiction, Kurt Vonnegut s The Sirens of Titan
explores the question of purpose in a futuristic setting (May 35). This novel, however, contests
many presumptions upon which many science fictionforegrounds. Josh Simpson writes that by
[us]ing irony, satire, and black humor . . . Vonnegut forces his readers to consider what it means to
be human in a chaotic, often absurd, and irrational universe(262). In fact, many scholars would
agree that The Sirens of Titanis Vonnegut s most flamboyant novel, with its entire universe at the
mercy of the outrageous fortune (Wolfe 968). Seconding G. K. Wolfe s idea, Lynn Buck notes that
the world of Vonnegut is a mixture of hilarity and futility, [and] illusion (181).... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
Debunking such progressive and evolutionary beliefs, The Sirens of Titan is replete with empty
heroics, low comedy and pointless death (Vonnegut 2). More particularly, I argue that novel employ
themes of free will, accidents (or fortunes), time, irony, and nihilism subverting transhumanists
ideas of progress, evolution and

Walt Disney s Theme Park
July 17, 1955, marked the grand opening of Walt Disney s first major theme park opening. Since
1955, Walt Disney s idea of a theme park has adapted to more than just a carnival.
Currently there are six Disney theme parks worldwide. The United States holds two theme parks,
Disneyland Park in California and Walt DisneyWorld in Orlando, Florida. China also holds two
theme parks, Hong Kong Disneyland, and Disneyland Shanghai. While, Japan and Paris only hold
one theme park, Tokyo Disneyland and Disneyland Paris. Each new Disney park strives to be
unique, create fun attractions and serve cuisine that appeal to the citizens of its location but remain
consistently classic.
Disneyland Anaheim is divided into eight themed lands; Main Street ... Show more content on
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Regular tickets are one hundred and seven dollars. Value ticket prices are ninety nine dollars and
peak ticket prices are one hundred and nineteen dollars. Surprisingly, regular ticket prices at Disney
World are cheaper than Disneyland ticket prices by three dollars.
Disneyland Hong Kong has seven themed lands. Similarly to Disneyland Anaheim, Adventureland,
Tomorrowland, Fantasyland and Main Street USA are all feature themed lands at Disneyland
Hong Kong. In contrast Grizzly Gulch, Mystic point and Toy Story Land are newly created lands.
Dumbo the Flying Elephant and Sleeping Beauty s castle are classic attractions. However, Slinky
Dog Spin and RC Racer are new attractions that still remain consistent with the theme of other Walt
Disney parks.
Significantly lower than both Disneyland Anaheim and Disney World, Disneyland Hong Kong has
twenty four restaurants. Another notable difference is the style of cuisine which is primarily
Chinese or Asian.
Also, ticket pricing varies by age. General admission tickets for ages twelve to sixty four are five
hundred and eighty nine Hong Kong dollars. General admission tickets for children ages three to
eleven tickets are four hundred and nineteen Hong Kong dollars. While ticket prices for senior s
ages sixty five and over are one hundred Hong Kong dollars. It might be worthy to note that senior
ticket prices

Cango Week 3 4
Weeks 3 4 Video Case Analysis
REPORT INTENT:
This report has been created to advise CanGo s management as to appropriate courses of action
needed to address various challenges facing the firm. This is the second report in a series of
reports. This will cover the strategic planning for the operations and the financial planning for
implementing new technologies. As well as a flow chart that will improve the telephonic
procedures of customer service. This report will also review other issues that we have seen that can
use some restructuring.
Current Procedures:
1. Customers place their order on line, and when they press the submit button, it signals the order
fulfillment software to swing into action. Coding of book ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
The present system that is done with manual pickers runs at a rate of 360 books an hour ( 8
pickers spread over two shifts) at the new rate of 720 books an hour the system could run 24hrs
a day and handle the projected work load of 14400 books per day. The storage capacity is more
than adequate for the new system. To handle the new work load manually Cango would have to
employ 16 pickers across three shifts to accommodate the increase in demand. There would need to
be extra terminals added.
Though the projections for the fall quarter look promising the resurge us of books and CD s is
unlikely. Recent reports have sales of books falling as much as 34% over last year and the increase
of eBooks over 300%. (Wolman, 2011) It also has CD sales being cut in half over the past decade.
The rise of people buying digital music and streaming music is significant.
Without question the new technology can be paid for by this fall s increase in revenues alone. At
1.5 million per system, it takes 3 million to install the systems. Our revenues projected for the fall
is 31 million with net income being approximately 10% of sales revenue the investment will be
paid back almost immediately. The question still remains if it makes sense long term.
If traditional book sales continue to fall at their present rate of 34% annually we will be out of the
traditional books selling in three years. The CD sales are declining at a similar rate.

The Greatest Number Research Paper
The Greatest Happiness for the Greatest Number is the measure of Right and Wrong Discuss with
reference to Utilitarianism:
The statement The greatest happiness for the greatest number is the measure of right and wrong
was coined by the English philosopher Jeremy Bentham as the fundamental axiom of his
philosophy. Bentham is respected as the father of Modern Utilitarianism; this strand of ethical
thinking has not only been adopted by followers of Bentham, for example John Stuart Mill or Peter
Singer, but also by economists and lawyers as a means of creating a fair society, with the highest
potential for co operation. However, although utilitarianism is widely followed and supported, there
are many issues that arise due to its subjectivity ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
One of the main criticisms of this thinking is that it creates the Tyranny of the Majority . This is
when a majority takes action to thoroughly subjugate the minority. This was first explored by the
Ancient Greeks in their quest to further evolve as a society. Some Greek city states, like Athens,
realised that being governed by the majority is futile when the government does not act in the best
interests of the people. They stressed on the importance of a democracy, a government that acted for
all people, rather than an ochlocracy, a government that acted purely for the majority. We can infer
from this that although utilitarianism could be support democracy, in practice it creates more of an
ochlocracy.
By basing moral decisions on what is best for the greatest number of people, we can always
assume that a small minority of people will be left out and their happiness will be sacrificed. John
Rawls, an American moral and political philosopher, argued that utilitarianism is too impersonal; in
the pursuit of the greatest good for the greatest number we disregard the rights/opinions of the
individuals. Basing what s right or wrong on what the majority think, confuses what s right with
what is

Online Social Networking Service Company
0.Facebook is an online social networking service company since 2004. It was started as the
online platform to be connected for ivy league university students and later extended to general
public. It has a market worth of $ 148 billion in 2014 and has more than 1 billion subscribers
online. The case illustrates about the exploitation of user data by Facebook to generate revenue.
The user data is used to deliver to highest bidder and earn revenue. 1.Facebook is collecting the
extensive personal information from its users. The information is in the form of personal details,
pictures and life events. The reason for turning the information into big databases is to serve
relevant advertising that suits the taste of a particular person. But, collecting the information to
generate revenue is the unethical practice in business and that is the biggest dilemma of
Facebook to earn revenue without privacy damage of the users as it provides free service. The
company faced various lawsuits for gathering user data without user consent. Even they keep the
track of the users visiting Facebook s widget on other websites by capturing time and IP address
information. It is not sure whether the company will stop finding alternative ways to exploit data
and selling it to highest bidders for advertising. The reason being the limited source of revenues
and failure of management to take care of privacy concerns. 2.Facebook s mainstream revenue is
entirely dependent on advertising. In the year,

Essay on Mercury Poisoning
Mercury Poisoning
The article Our Preferred Poison in the March 2005 issue of Discover magazine brings up the
issue dealing with mercury poisoning. The author, Karen Wright, writes, Mercury is unimaginably
toxic and dangerous. A single drop on a human hand can be irreversibly fatal. A single drop in a
large lake can make all the fish in it unsafe to eat. This was the opening statement in the article
which first grabbed my attention, because I had not thought mercury to be such a deadly substance.
After all, it is used in thermometers, so I hadn t thought it to be as fatally toxic as Wright claims it
to be.
The people with the most risk of damage by mercury are unborn fetuses and children. Studies seem
to show that the metal ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The article describes briefly how the mercury ends up in the fish we eat, how the rain grabs the
mercury from the atmosphere and deposits it into the lakes and oceans. Because of the food chain,
the largest of the aquatic animals will have the highest amount of mercury, whales and sharks for
example. So, communities high in whale and shark consumption will show the greatest risk of
mercury poisoning.
Wright does not discuss the consumption of mercury through the silver/mercury filling vapors very
much. She only points out that people with more fillings have shown to have more mercury content
in their urine, with the dentists having performed the fillings having two to fives times as much.
Mercury can also be found in the compound called thimerosal, which is used as a preservative for
vaccines. Not long ago, when this information was introduced to the public, there was a scare
which caused a decline in the amount of vaccines given to young children. To me, not vaccinating a
child seems more dangerous than exposing the child to a trace amount of mercury. The article
states how the FDA has been trying to ban the use of thimerosal, which they have been successful
in doing in most drugs, besides the flu vaccine.
The article brings up many concerns dealing with mercury poisoning, a lot of things I had do idea
existed. It almost scared me a little, maybe that s what the author had intended when writing

Gun Shot Research Paper
Upon the reading of chapter ten that a bullet can go into a crime scene from either a right angle
or left depending on whether the suspect was shooting the bullet from his or her right or left
hand, or holding the weapon in the crime Scene to one side or the other pending what side the
gun was drawn on, on the person. If its shot up and down then the weapon was fired straight up
and down, if it is at an angle then it depends on the angle of the gun where it had been targeted to
be aimed towards, then how it was fired from the weapon. Sometimes in a crime scene a 9mm can
be fired on its side depending on which side the suspect has the 9mm on. Whether it be straight up
and down shot, or skimming some targets head to graze them enough to scare... Show more content
Or any other kind of weapon or blunt object that the attacker may have on their person. Which is
exactly why I would not make a good hostage negotiator on the force until I ve had experience on
negotiations otherwise none of the victims would be able to be saved that are hostage. Whether
it be kids, or even adults, sometimes an officer or deputy has to shoot to kill the suspect hostage
instigator as well to protect the innocent victim. And free them from the harm of the suspect
perpetrator that is being a threat. Once the threat is done been taken as a threat, then the
incident of the hostage taker or the suspected perpetrator is taken into custody if still alive, if not
alive then taken to the medical examiner to tell if it was a murder or homicide or police
department involved shooting where the hostage taker had to be shot and killed or have the
hostage killed or injured by the weapon that they may have if it s a knife blade holding it a
crossed the throat of the hostage, or a gun to their head whether the victim is a minor/ child or the
situation should be separated and if there are going to be ammo fired at anyone it should be fired at
the hostage taker, not the victim, to get the innocent victim away from harm, and to

Creating an Environmental Ethic Essay
Creating an Environmental Ethic
Traditionally, Western views of environment ethics has been unclear and for the most part
unnecessary. We used earth s resources without thinking about consequence. This nonchalant use
aided in the West s ability to influence the world through technological advances. In the past,
limited travel and slow communication systems had limited our view to a local one. If pollution or
to much urbanization occurred the solution was to move. Industrialization has changed things.
With science advancing so quickly, the population exploding, and our environmentactually being
truly affected on a global scale. Within our lifetime, we can see changes in the environment. No
longer do we have wild frontiers, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Everything in nature lives in a symbiosis so complicated that we cannot disassociate a living thing
from its habitat. Humans have the ability to alter their surroundings and disrupt the balance of
nature to a point where an equilibrium may never be reached. So in the definition of nature, human
element have no part of it. We will assume that we act as an outside force onto a habitat.
Nature is intrinsically good Although our actions towards the environment, especially within
the past 150 year, may not have been favorable, nevertheless the historical and global attitudes
toward nature has always been one of reverence. The proof of this reverence can be seen through
religion. It can also be inferred from our interests in science and the fact throughout history there
have always been advocates for the preservation of nature. These notions are not limited to a
section of the world, but have independent roots in many cultures and societies world wide. One
place to start are in cosmology sagas. Many of them have a common thread of being highly
naturalistic and emphasizing the miracle of all life. The Enuma Elish, an ancient tale from
Mesopotamia, describes the forming of the world from pure water. These people s most revered
gods and goddesses were ones of land and abundance. Although this can be explained away by
many critics as simply there dependence on an agrarian society,

Cycloaddition Lab Report
Experiment 1: Mechanism of Nitrile Oxide and Alkene Cycloaddition 1. Purpose: to clarify the
mechanism for the cycloaddition reaction between benzonitrile oxide and an alkene, and to test the
regiochemistry of the reaction between benzonitrile oxide and styrene. 2. Plan: Each student in a
group of three will work to create a reaction with the Benzonitrile Oxide with, cis stilbene, trans
stilbene, or styrene in an Erlenmyer flask. With this Reaction solution thin layer chromatography
will be performed using each reaction solution. The different reactions will then be compared by
running co spot TLC s. An NMR of the crude products from each reaction will be taken.
3. References:
* Chemistry 173Q Organic Chemistry Lab: ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
(4:10 4:30) Find Rf values and diagram each TLC plate in lab notebook. (4:30 4:45)
Diagram 1: Vacuum FiltrationDiagram 3: Thin Layer Chromatography
Diagram 2: Rotary Evaporator
Maria Mo February 8, 2016
Experiment 1: Mechanism of Nitrile Oxide and Alkene Cycloaddition 6. Purpose: to clarify the
mechanism for the cycloaddition reaction between benzonitrile oxide and an alkene, and to test the
regiochemistry of the reaction between benzonitrile oxide and styrene; to purify the crude product
of either trans stilbene, cis stilbene, or styrene reaction.
7. Plan: Each student in a group of three will work to purify the product of the reaction with cis
stilbene, trans stilbene, or styrene. The crude products will be purified through recrystallization.
This purification process will be performed several times. When the recrystallization is complete, a
vacuum filtration will be executed to filter out the crystals. An NMR spectrum will be taken of the
recrystallized product.
8. References:
* Chemistry 173Q Organic Chemistry Lab: Laboratory Manual Notes * Mohrig, Jerry R., Christina
Noring Hammond, and Paul F. Schatz.
Techniques in Organic Chemistry. 3rd ed. N.p.: n.p., 2010. Print.
Pre Lab 2
Set Up: 2:00 2:10
Clean Up: 4:45 5:00
In the round bottom flask containing the recrystallized crude

Marquardt Beauty Analysis Essay
The number 1.618:1 is the golden ratio that defines beauty and the number 1.681 is called the
phi (Marquardt). Everything must be proportioned by this ratio to be considered beautiful
according to the mathematical formula. The Marquardt Beauty Analysis website mentions that
there are two components contributed to the ideal beauty, and they are symmetry and harmony.
After resizing the mask to the subject s face, the result was nearly perfect. However, the subject
has some problems fitting into the outlines of the mask. The eyebrows of the mask are below the
subject s eyebrows. The outline of the mask does not cover the subject s lower lip. For the
anaface site, it was simple to work with. First, check on the terms and conditions. Second, select
a gender. Third, browse and upload a picture of your choice. The last step is to place 17 dots
accordingly, and then click next to find out the result. The subject received a score of 7.49 out
of 10 on the anaface site. The website also lists the reasons why the face received the score, such as
the ratio of your face width to nose width is nearly ideal or your nose is too wide for your mouth.
Three trials were done on... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Henceforth, they could pass down their genes to their offspring. Little et al. (2011) claimed that
there are two broadly benefits of choosing an attractive mate: 1) a direct benefit where the
perceiver gains for themselves, and 2) an indirect benefit where the perceiver gains genetic
benefits to their offspring. Because humans are choosy, people who are objectively beautiful will
be advantageous over the unattractive people because they are more preferred as a mate.
Therefore, they can pass down their genes to the next generation. Also, they are likely to be chosen
because the attractive people s faces showed traits of parasite resistance, which is an advantage for
the offspring (Little et al.,

Persuasive Essay On Concealed Weapons
Citizens should not carry Guns or no is not like Apple vs Oranges. Does wearing a weapon
really reduce your chances of being attacked? Being capable of conveying a concealed gun has
been a controversial subject matter for years. Most of the people being able to convey concealed
guns due to the fact it is a shape of self protection. Concealed weapons say that it isn t always a
powerful form of self defense. If someone is attacked, they are saying the victim will now not have
sufficient time to tug out a gunto shield themselves. However, societies who are in opposition to
sporting if a person carrying a concealed weapon is attacked, they may have something to fight
returned with. Citizens with guns make troubles to police which became a burden... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
Government telling officials to watch in pairs when sensible, and to be extra observant about the
feasible ambush. Muddling matters is the question of how to infer and react to the presence of a
gun. With extra Americans now exercising their prison proper to hold firearms, police find
themselves having to make fast judgments approximately whether or not an armed citizen is a
chance. It will be hard to find a criminal among the citizens carrying the guns. Residents should not
have the capacity to carry hidden weapons is in the surroundings that it can turn out to be more
troublesome for police to have the capacity to recognize the criminal from the customary subjects
amid in a shooting. Individuals at the scene of the wrongdoing when it happened that are conveying
hidden weapons could be blamed for being the criminal. Drunk people having the high chances of
making the crime. One more reason for accepting legally to carry disguised guns expands the
probabilities of something minor turning deadly. For example, if a man rebelled another man at a
bar about something minor, the encounter could transform into a shouting match and the man with
the disguised weapon could shoot the other man. These odds can increment additionally when the
individual with the disguised weapon is

The Radiation Exposure For Astronauts
Yuhan Wang (1238134)
Section: AO
ESS 102 Research Paper
Due: Thursday, January 29th 2015
Radiation Exposure for Astronauts
My science fiction article is taking the success of Apollo 11 , the first time of human landing on the
moon, as the background. That year, 1969, is also during the Cold War between the governments of
the Soviet Union and the United States. And this victory, neither convinced Soviet Aeroflot of their
lagging behind in the space race, nor explained well the flaws of collected pictures the NASA
presented during the mission. Hence, Leonid Brezhnev, the General Secretary of the Central
Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, hurriedly and secretly sent their first made
manned spacecraft, Search 1 , with three astronauts to the moon for investigation in September of
the same year. Even though Soviet s astronauts are shielded from various forms of ionizing radiation
, they unfortunately did not pass through the Van Allen Radiation Belts due to an overtime stay in
that area caused by a large solar flare ever. The strong space radiation fried up all the astronauts
and they did not manage to return. For a solid and sound interpretation of scientific aspects in the
sci fi article, this research paper, related to the topic of radiation exposure for astronauts, is
generated to introduce the nature, source, forms, and harms of space radiation, and reveal the real
plight astronauts would encounter during space travel. It is as well aiming to present

Reflection About Divergent
The entire lives of the citizens in Divergent are determined by what they are in. The only freedom
that they are granted is the ability to choose their faction. There are five factions with a personality
type and those are Abnegation (selflessness), Amity (happiness), Candor (honesty), Dauntless
(brave), and Erudite (knowledge). I do not think the factions represent every basic personality.
There are some people like Tris who are just not one personality type. I think I would create one
that could be for the people who failed the test or feel like they belong to more than one faction.
The reason behind the creation of the factions was to create peace and order within the society. I
believe that the factions are working because Tris s society, the factions have held together the
structure in her community. In Tris s society, the fact that they do not have a lot of choices is not
really making the society better. Something else that does not help, is that the divergents have to
hide.
A faction I think I would have been born into is candor because of my family valuing honesty. I
would have wanted to choose Erudite because of the knowledge and intelligence. At the age of
sixteen, I would not feel that comfortable choosing my faction because at that age you are not very
experienced. You are young and could make the wrong choice.
A choice that I have made that had changed me is to be more positive. Some future choices that I
will also make is to not let certain things and opinions

Music Education Philosophy
As a music teacher, I believe that all students should be given the chance to explore and discover
their natural potential as musicians; increasing these capacities through formal music instruction. In
my opinion, the goal of music education is to form an appreciation of the music of others and also
encourage children to shape their own unique musical identity through academic study and
performance. Creating independent musicians should be a guiding purpose of musiceducation.
Music education at the elementary level can lay the foundation for music literacy with activities in
singing, instrument playing, note reading, improvisation, composition, music listening, music
history, and movement and dance. Impressing upon children musical information that they can later
draw upon when they study notation is necessary before music literacy and note reading can take
place. Because of this, I consider participation a requirement to succeed in my classroom.I also
value the individual learningstyles of my students and... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It is my belief that students will rise to the challenge if the teacher provides consistent and clear
goals for both behavior and music learning objectives. My students are familiar with our classroom
routines and communicating learning goals. Expectations for learning are articulated, revisited, and
represent my core values of being fair, firm, flexible, and friendly. Students understand that in my
classroom the impact of their poor choices reflect on their self accountability and the wellbeing of
the whole class. Students who do not use good judgment understand that there are respectful and
prompt consequences that are predetermined and appropriate. It is important that educators prepare
our students to be high functioning members of society when they leave the school environment,
regardless of what their roles or vocations in life may

Operation Valhall An Operation Of The Iraqi Army Special...
Operation Valhalla was an operation that was conducted in Operation Iraqi Freedom by US
Army Special Forces in order to train the Iraqi Army Special Forces unit in order combat the
insurgency that was seen in the Iraqi operations that were common occurrence. What had ensued
during Operation Valhalla, the two Special Forces Unit (both US Army SF and Iraqi SF) had
taken the fight to Jaish Al Mahdi, in order to stop the terror group conducting actions of murder
and terror within the area of operations. What had occurred during this engagement was an
overwhelming fight that resulted in the defeat of Jaish Al Mahdi as well as recovering a
hostage. This was a success for the two SF units, but what occurred after a media battle or
intention to use Information Operations in order to discredit these units. (Dauber 2009, pg. 1 2)
After the engagement of the Jaish Al Mahdi fighters, the insurgents had conducted deception
operations in order to discredit these units by removing the weapons used by these fighters.
(Dauber 2009, pg. 1 2) More condemning was media releases by the insurgents of these fighters
being put into a position that was reminiscent of the fighters appearing to have fallen during
prayer not during battle against the SF units. Where this had also created large problems, was that
the media releases had left the forces having to defend their actions in order to ensure that the
civilian population as well as the host nation forces, didn t lose support or have loss of

Compare And Contrast Sonny Blues And The Rich Brother
Views
If there is any one secret of success, it lies in the ability to get the other person s point of view
and see things from that person s angle as well as from your own (brainyquotes). In Tobias Wolff
The Rich Brother and James Baldwin s Sonny Blues it shows how a difference views of life can be
the barrier between understanding one another. When you don t try to understand another s point of
view, you may be missing the understanding from a different aspect. In The Rich Brother the short
story is based on two siblings who live an opposite lifestyle and who cannot understand from the
point of view of one another. One brother lives the rich, money hungry life, while the other lives a
spiritual and subtle lifestyle. In Sonny Blues ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Pete being the rich brother, could not see that what he thought to be a dream, may not be
everyones dream. Donald s dream was to become very spirititual and to find the fate of his soul.
Pete did not want to understand Donald s point of view, because he thought it was less than
worth his time. In Pete eyes, helping his brother had become a burden, and he just wanted to be
done with him all together. Greed had become the face of Pete. His selfish ways could not allow
Donald to be himself and accept the fact he was not as successful. He saw that Donald could get a
real job and not be dependent of him, but what he didn t see is Donald did not want the help, only
happiness for the people around him.
Also, in Sonny Blues Sonny wanted to become a musician, but his brother always felt like it was
not the lifestyle he should want if he wanted to be. Well, look Sonny, I m sorry, don t get mad. I
just don t altogether get it. That s all. (Sonny s Blues pg 351 paragraph 126). He admits that he
does not get what the drive for Sonny was. He could not put himself in his brothers view or try to
get to know the brother that had a seven year age gap from

Android Phones versus iPhones
There is a running joke in the geeky realm of our society that says there are two types of people in
the world, those who use iPhones and those who use Androids. Most of the time, people either love
or hate either gadget, there isn t much room to have mediocre feelings towards these devices. They
are both amazing handheld devices, which perform a multitude of tasks. They guide us, entertain
us, teach us, organize us, the list can go on and on. The Android and iPhoneare two very
comparative devices that many of us use on a daily basis. Although they have very similar
functions and features, the two are quite different in how they operate, and what permissions they
allow the user to have. First, I would like to explain to you what an operating system is. I will be
using the term, operating system, throughout this essay and many people do not have a clear
understanding of what it is. Simply put, an operating system is the brain of any computer or
electronic device. The operating system is a bundle of information that directs all the operations
that a computer does in order to function properly. The operating system sends information to and
from communication resources of applications that you use or your device uses. When the
geniuses of Silicon Valley were discovering how to create a system that would allow for multiple
applications to be used, they gave birth to the operating system. This very basic system was called
Linux. Linux is the most fundamental base of an

Introduction to Management Organisations
*BUS1001 Introduction to Management Organisations E*ssay for Semester 1, 2008/9 According
to Pettinger (2002), management can variously be defined as a science, profession and art and its
status lies somewhere between the three with strong elements of each . Is management a
profession were you could qualify in like a doctor, is it science were there s only one best way to
manage (Bennet, Roger (1994)) or is it a skill/ personality in which a manager is has it in their
genes from birth? The answer to this question undouptfully helps identify what is meant by
management. Unfortunate the answer to this question has not been answered, although many
theorists have tried to identify and explain what management is. Pettinger is a... Show more content
He believed increased production will eventually increase employees income (could use quote
here) and organisations profit margins, but in fact in long term future production could fall due
to employees felt dissatisfied and felt like machines. There jobs became repetitive and specialised
to specific jobs, with no team work, job rotation or social groups, which are argued the main
motivators in a workforce. At the time Taylor s theory was successful proved by when he tested at
manufacturing industry he found production increased by over 300% and wages increase by 60%,
which shows his ideas did indeed give efficiency. Evidence of Taylors method of management is
used to today is shown in organisations such as McDonalds and call centres. This showing that even
though its 94 years old theory its used in present time and that scientific management is not
overlooked by newer theories such as from the Human relations school and the contingency theory.
Although the contingency theory argues completely against Management as being referred to
science and especially Taylors one best way as contingency theory takes a situational (rather than a
one best way) view of organisation structure and managerial activity (Bowditch, J. and Buono, A
(1990)) which means that instead of a singlesolution to way of management there is actually
different methods for different

Management Accounting Paper
Running Head: MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING Management Accounting Solutions to the
Problem 3 26 Frieden Company 1. Contribution margin for the present and proposed operations are
presented in the table below: Contribution Margin of Present Operation Contribution Margin of
Proposed New Operation Present Operation Per Unit Per Percent Proposed Operation (Expected)
Per Unit Per Percent Sales (40,000 units) $800,000 $20 100% $800,000 $20 100% Variable
expenses 560,000 $14 70% $14 6 =$8 x 40,000 320,000 $8 40% Contribution margin 240,000 $6
30% 480,000 12 60% Fixed expenses 192,000 $4.8 432,000 $10.8 Net operating income $48,000
$48,000 2a. The degree operating leverage for present and proposed operations is as follows:
Present Operations Proposed Operations Contribution margin $240,000 $480,000 Net operating
income 48,000 48,000 Degree operating leverage $240,000 / 48,000 =5 $480,000 /48,000 =10 %
Increase in Net Operating Income 50% 100% (2b). The paper uses the equation method to calculate
the company breakeven point in dollars for the present and propose operations and revealed as
follows: Present Operation Profits = (Sales Variable expenses) Fixed expenses By rearranging the
equation, the equation becomes as follows: Sales =Variable expenses + Fixed expenses + Profits
=$20Q = $14Q + $192,000 + $0 $20Q $14Q = $192,000 $6Q =$192,000 Q =$192,000 Г· 6 per unit
Q = 32,000 units. Thus, breakeven point in

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Co-Operations Between Hong...
Introduction
There are more and more co operations between Hong Kong and Mainland China firms since The
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region government signed Mainland and Hong Kong Closer
Economic Partnership Arrangement in 2003. In this report, we will talk about a Hong Kong based
company, 3 Hong Kong Limited which is a Hong Kong telecommunication service supplier, what
business opportunities it has in Mainland China under CEPA. Also, we will recommend it to co
operate with China Telecom Global Limited, a telecommunication service supplier in China.
Besides, we will measure some obstructions within human resource aspect when they co operate
with each other.
Advantage for the telecommunication industry from CEPA
Mainland and Hong Kong ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Which means 3HK can set selling points at the city of Guangdong Province near by Hong Kong
such as Shenzhen, Guangzhou, Dongguan, etc. It can let 3HK has extra paths to sell their products
in China thus more Chinese will know about 3HK telecom service. Some Chinese and someone
who always go over Mainland China and Hong Kong people will buy 3HK products at China. So,
3HK can enlarge their market, increase their selling qualities and their brand awareness, therefore
increasing their profit. This is one of its business

Text Neck Speech
How many hours do you spend using your smartphone per day? Are you concerned about how
smartphone usage may be damaging your health and posture? Are you suffering from neck or
back pain? Were you aware that smartphone usage creates as much as 27 kg of force on your
neck? Will you be changing your habits to address this? Good afternoon, ladies and gentleman, I
am Zane. In the next few minutes, I am going to talk about text neck, a repetitive strain injury
(RSI). To start, we will look at the causes of text neck. Then, we will turn to the effects of text
neck. After which, I will share some ways on how to prevent suffering from text neck and
finally, I will summarize my presentation. First of all, let s look at what causes text neck. When
you peer down on your phone for extensive period, the natural curvature of your neck changes
and this puts a lot of pressure on our neck s vertebrae and disc. On average, our head weighs
about 4kg. But for every inch we drop our head forward, the load is doubled. And as you hunch
even further at 60 degree with your chin to your chest, the weight increase seven fold at around
27kg.... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Micro tears and soreness usually heal with time, but if the poor posture is not corrected, in the
long term, the discs may wear out, or even slip out, causing them to pinch on the nerves. This
would cause the person to feel pins and needles running down his or her arms. Besides that, the
posture also restricts your lungs ability to expand, impairing your lung s

The Convergex Group 2013 Deferred Prosecution Agreement
Case Study of the ConvergEx Group 2013 Deferred Prosecution Agreement (DPA)
In December 2011, ConvergEx Group publicly disclosed parallel investigations by the United
States Securities and Exchange Commission and the United States Department of Justice. Between
2006 and 2011, two former employees of ConvergEx Group had concealed the routing of certain
global trading and transition management customer orders to the former Bermuda trading desk of
ConvergEx Global Markets ( GCM ) where they were net traded ( ConvergEx Resolves, 2013).
According to the court documents, Acting Assistant Attorney General Mythili Raman stated
...ConvergEx...along with several of its employees, engaged in a concerted and coordinated effort
to fleece its clients by charging them millions of dollars in unwarranted fees...and then concealing
those charges from its clients through a pattern of deception ( Convergex Group, 2013). In layman s
terms, ConvergEx employees were moving funds through ConvergEx Global Markets in Bermuda,
while marking up or down the investments in order to keep a sum of the money for themselves
from the clients. The employees also falsified the documents that were sent to the clients regarding
these transactions. The subsidiaries and the individuals involved with this scheme were charged
with wire fraud and conspiracy to commit securities fraud and wire fraud.
On December 12, 2013 ConvergEx Group LLC signed a deferred prosecution agreement or DPA,
which included fines totaling

Communication Management For Securing The Olympic...
1) The 2024 Summer Olympics are less than 22 months away... Please research one of the below
campaign host cities and use examples of Communication Management for securing the Olympic
Committee voter bid.
For the Summer Olympic games in 2024 I choose Los Angeles as the host city because it hosted
the 1932 games. Another reason I picked Los Angeles was because they are the most diverse city
in America but they are also the Western capital of the US, The Northern Capital of Latin America,
and Eastern capital of the Pacific Rim.
With that there are three main examples of communication management to help LA secure its vote
in the Olympic bid.
1)Communication Process Los Angeles released a video calling it LA24 and it shows why LA
should be chosen to hold the 2024 Olympics by having facts about LA come up throughout the
video while watching someone run or swim or bike.
2)Sport Organizational Image LA has hosted the Olympic games in 1932 so they aren t new to this
huge sporting event. The target audience in the LA24 is focused on all ages and races. I think they
wanted to show that LA welcomes everyone of every race, language, ect.
3)Sport Promotion Below are some of the sport promotional mix
Advertising LA24 is their main advertisement as of yet
Sponsorship 161 million to bring Olympics to LA
Public Relations Media, TV, News, ect
2. Jay Z s Roc Nation Sports is looking to hire veteran sports agents as well as buy their agencies to
build their

Special Education Reflection
Running Head: REFLECTION PAPER
Reflection Paper
En Tseh Wang
Lehigh University
Special Education 332 (Education and Inclusion of Individuals with Special Needs) has been
enlightening for me as a secondary mathematics educator. In the beginning of the semester, my
feelings towards special education were those of apathy and insensitivity. I now understand that my
feelings were due to my lack of knowledge and my judgment based on stereotypes.
I always knew that making fun of students with learning disabilities was wrong. However, I never
felt that inclusion of special education students in general education classes was plausible or made
sense. I felt that special education students belonged in their own classrooms; and that ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
One of the greatest tools that this class has given me is universal design. Universal design for
learning is a process for considering the needs of all students in the classroom...and designing
curriculum, instruction, and evaluation with sufficient flexibility so that each student benefits
(Turnbull, Turnbull, Shank, and Smith, 2004). I will not be able to teach my general education
class with special education students in it, by using universal design

The Loss Of Habitat Degradation
Loss of habitat is a known contributor to the global reduction of biodiversity within a multitude of
taxonomic assemblages (Fischer and Lindenmayer 2007; Brudvig et al. 2015). Most ecosystems
today are under the influence of human activity and are no longer without human interaction
(Vitousek et al. 1997). The underlining cause of such habitatdegradation can be attributed to
anthropogenic activity (e.g., overexploitation, land clearing for agriculture, urbanization, etc).
Human influence on ecosystems ultimately results in the detachment of a single populated areas
into habitat patches, which, in turn, can hinder the dispersal and overall movement of individuals
within a population (Luo et al. 2016). Interference of dispersal becomes a concern with wildlife
species that exude large home ranges, such as large carnivores (Treves and Karanth 2003). Lack of
connectivity within a wildlife population contributes to inbreeding and intensified demographic
stochasticity, which then affects a population s adaptation capability and can ultimately result in
extinction; a definite threat to species of concern such as the Louisiana black bear (Frankham
2005; Luo et al. 2016).
Although their effectiveness is argued, conservationist implement habitat corridors to combat the
effects of fragmentation (Brudvig et al. 2015). Corridors not only serve to connect habitats but can
also increase home range of a population (Hilty et al. 2006). Machtans et al. (1996) found that
habitat corridors not

Gravy And She Lives In A Pat Of Butter
Based on the poems Gravy by Corrie Lynn White and She lives in a Pat of Butter by Jade
Ramsay, women are forced to be a role model in family life and domesticity. Although women
generally need to give a great amount of effort to be the best mother or wife, the social
expectations from both of the poems want women to be perfect especially in domestic life. In fact,
there was even a time when female domesticity became the culture of some upper and middle class
Americans back in the nineteenth century (The Cult of Domesticity). Their purpose was to limit
womans influences only to familylife or handling chores around the home. Both of the poems show
that the expectations of seeing every woman must definitely have a happy life after marriage...
Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Since the poem itself has the title that comes from the name of a food, the narrator is probably
eager to talk about her story with food. She firmly disagrees with the societal expectations that
women have to know how to cook and for her to at least successfully stir a gravy. She also says
in the poem that [she] thought the world wanted [her] to stir the gravy around with a wooden
spoon, because as soon as [she] looks away, the gravy would boil over (25 29). This means that
no matter how society the society wishes her to be like, she will not always be able to fulfill
their expectations. Hence, the failure of preparing a gravy clearly shows that she does not know
how to make a gravy like the society think. Furthermore, the narrator is also left in awe as she
knows that many people do not even care to follow social expectations. This is stated in the line
[she] watched the bird fly over Wells Fargo (31 32). The bird seems to represent other people and
flying over Wells Fargo means that they avoid the expectations of society. Towards the end of the
poem, she now knows that she can be that other people too and finally leaves the gravy

Le Bonheur De Vivre, By Henri Matisse
We can first look at what these paintings where all about. Le bonheur de vivre (The Joy of Life)
is a painting by Henri Matisse and together with the Picasso s Les Demoiselles d Avignon, Le
bonheur de vivre is regarded as one of the pillars of early modernism. Modernism is the period of
the 19th, 20th century period that was characterized by the culture trends changes and
transformation. Therefore the work of Le bonheur de vivre taken from the Baudelaire s poem,
Invitation to a Voyage (1857) depicts a man inviting her lover travel with him to a paradise. This
painting shows nude women in a traditional classical idyll but one woman thought to represent the
painter s wife wears contemporary dress. This is Matisse s only major painting

Paul Laurence Dunbar Essay
Poetry is the most passionate and personal way Paul Dunbar could express himself. Through
specific poetic devices such as tone, rhyme, persona and form Dunbar is able to influence the
emotions of his audience. Poetry is a beautiful melancholy form of writing used to express a
specific theme or lesson. Paul Dunbar writes a poem in the form of a rondeau to achieve a
memorable rhythm used to better express the theme. The hardships of his life have impacted his
poetry, and have allowed him to better connect with the hardships others face as well.Paul Laurence
Dunbar has endured more pain in his lifetime than most people could bring themselves to even
imagine. Pain is the motivation for his powerful poems. In 1872, Dunbar was born in Dayton,...
Dunbar lived his entire life wearing a deceiving smile upon his face to conceal the torment he
had endured. People wear disguises that seem to be joyful and pleasant but are really nothing
but lies. The author uses we so his audience can connect themselves to him and the message
within his poem. This makes the theme of the poem universal to all people. Hides our cheeks is
significant because facial cheeks are a good way of showing emotion, such as blushing (2).
Blushing could show embarrassment, and lifting of the cheeks could indicate a smile. So hiding
ones cheeks would be an efficient way of concealing emotions. The author shades our eyes
because eyes are thought to be the peepholes into a persons thoughts and feelings (2). This debt
we pay to human guile (3). This obligation we feel to hide our emotions is due to the slyness of
our human nature. People constantly feel as though they have to hide their pain and sorrows
from the eyes of others. With torn and bleeding hearts we smile (5). The author points out no
matter how much emotional pain a person might be in, they still smile their biggest to hide the
agony. We smile, but, O great Christ, our cries/ To thee from tortured souls arise (10 11). Dunbar
emphasizes the fact that while smiling, people are silently crying to God. They are praying for a
release from the torture they endure every single day. We sing, but oh the clay is vile (12). Singing
and smiling are

Pc Personal Statement
The vibrant orange lights within the case shot on like a torch in the dark of a cave, illuminating
the graphics card, motherboard, RAM sticks, SSD, fans, and CPU cooler. The inner workings of
my creation, the structure, the bones and the guts of my self built, brand new PC gaming
computer. My journey to the world of PC building and gaming was exciting and I felt pride
when my own creation came to life for the first time. I was on the road to my final stop in the
gaming realm, PC gaming, where I plan to stay. I haven t always been a PC gamer, since a
young age I ve had a connection with gaming as a hobby, one year I received a Gameboy
advance for Christmas and thus began my love of all things digital. Every year it seemed a new
game system would come out and I always managed to convince my parents to get me the latest
toy. I ve had many types of consoles over the years, including Xbox, PS3, and a Wii. The jump to
PC gaming was influenced mainly by my friends who started to play more games on PC than
consoles, so to join them, I needed to shift to PC... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It is like putting together a puzzle, the thought of building a computer can probably seem like a
daunting task, but its amazingly simple and I figured it out just by watching YouTube videos.
The most challenging part of a PC build is selecting the best parts that are right for you, there are
hundreds, if not thousands of different parts to choose from and they are all not created equal.
PCPartPicker is just one site for the task, they have all of the parts ever created on file and you can
simply select which ones you want from all the choices; including graphics cards, motherboards,
RAM sticks, SSDs, HDDs, coolers, cases, and even your peripherals. It took me several weeks to
compile the list of parts I would need, some of my friends gave me advice and information on the
best parts as well as the ones to stay away

Survival And Strife In The Sniper
Survival and Strife primarily characterizes the protagonists struggle to overcome various threats
to their well being, as well as manipulating themselves and others, allowing the author to display
how people adapt in order to survive in their environment. As depicted throughout many survival
and strife stories, the fight against adversity by the protagonist is often a driving point in the plot
and a makeup of the genre as a whole. Throughout many survival stories, the protagonist is faced
with a great challenge, often resulting in life or death. In The Sniper , the nameless soldier comes
in close encounters with the face of death. In order to survive, he had to kill his own brother in
order to save himself as, the sniper turned over the

The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
The Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002
Presented by:
Ibrahim M. Conteh; Ruby Proctor Garcia; Kathleen M. Parry;
Joseph M. Schmerling; Jaime Ulloa
Auditing Theory and Practice
0902 ACCT422 4021
Due: April 29, 2009
Table of Contents
Page Number
What is the Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002?3
Why was SOX established?4
When did SOX take effect? 5
What companies were affected and how?6
What does SOX compliance require? 9
Conclusion11
References13
What is the Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002? The Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002 its official name being
Public Company Accounting Reform and Investor Protection Act of 2002 is... Show more content
The SEC appoints the members of the PCAOB and has oversight and enforcement authority over it.
The PCAOB is charged with establishing and enforcing auditing, quality control, ethics and
independence standards and rules for public company accountants. The SEC will not accept an audit
report from an accounting firm that is not registered with the PCAOB. Thus, SEC reporting
companies must engage the services of a registered public accounting firm. The PCAOB is
funded by new fees imposed on publicly traded companies based on their market capitalization the
fees range from as little as $100 for the very smallest companies to more than $1 million for a
handful of the largest companies.[4]
When did SOX take effect? Elements of the Act were phased in over time. Those companies
with a market capitalization between $75 million and $700 million whose fiscal years closed
between November 15, 2004 and February 28, 2005 were granted an extension of 45 days on

the internal controls portion of SOX financial reporting frameworks which were to be in place
and operational for their first fiscal year end reports after November 15, 2004, then all quarterly
reports thereafter. Smaller companies had until their first fiscal year ending on or after July 15,
2005, to comply, and it will be for the first fiscal

Insanity In The Yellow Wallpaper
A Woman s Journey into Insanity in Relation to Feminism The Yellow Wallpaper is a short
fiction, written by Charlotte Gilman; an American author who was born in Hartford and who
suffered from a lonely childhood due to her father s abandonment. She worked as an art teacher
and married the artist Charles Stetson, who turns her married life into a nightmare full of sadness
and gloom. Her depression and illness came after giving birth to her daughter. Gilman committed
suicide later, after she discovered that she had a deadly illness. Gilman s work in the Yellow
Wallpaperconveyed the miserable life of a married woman, a life very similar to her own. Gilman
wrote The YellowWallpaper which mirrored what she had been through her entire life. The story
took a place in a colonial house where the two couples spent a short, one week vacation away from
people. John is the narrator s husband and her physician. His thoughts that by separating his wife in
an... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Through the story the narrator has describes her own journey that leads her to sanity and her
obsession with the wallpaper of her sanitarium and ends with seeing a woman crawling behind
the bars of the prisonlike pattern. Her attempts to free the woman behind the wallpaper as trying
to purge her of her color, to peel her from the yellow paper, so that the narrator can accept this
woman as herself. The yellow wallpaper represent women in the 19th century where their own
right are controlled under men s authority. The narrator saw herself as she is a part of the
wallpaper and that the wallpaper is part of her. Therefore, by freeing the woman, the narrator will
have her

Lularoe Research Papers
LuLaRoe is a very popular leggings company. If you are on social networks, you are constantly
seeing LuLaRoe pop up sales and people showing off what they got from this company. Now
Good Housekeeping is sharing that LuLaRoe is under fire for a couple of things. People are not
happy and complaining about ripped leggings and even being overcharged on taxes. When you
buy a pair of @LuLaRoe legging but they come with multiple holes in them #seriously
#neverbuyingagain #lularoe pic.twitter.com/b4BOMNZZ1x Theresa Wilson (@_theresawilson)
February 10, 2017 Do you have a pair of #Lularoe legging that have ripped? We d love you to
share your story with us. https://t.co/LalonK9QGQ The Now KC (@TheNowKC) February 28,
2017 People who sell LuLaRoe do it at pop up parties online and at homes. These are sold by
people who are consultants. LuLaRoe is known for comfy clothing. They offer $25 leggings, but
they also have dresses and shirts that look stylish, but are comfy as well. Now LuLaRoe is under
fire because customers are saying these $25 leggings aren t worth the price they are paying for
them due to quality.... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Normally when you buy leggings, they are thicker and not like pantyhose, but LuLaRoe leggings
are being compared to the material of pantyhose, which are known for ripping. A post from
LuLaRoe consultant Jessica Martin shared the details about how to take care of your leggings. She
says to treat your LuLaRoe leggings just like pantyhose. Here are her

Prospects Of An Automotive Fuel Essay
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCT1ON
1.1.TITLE OF THESIS
PROSPECTS OF 2, 5 DIMETHYL FURAN AS AN AUTOMOTIVE FUEL
1.2 . Overview of Topic
Although there are only some biomass derived fuels which are comparable to fossil fuels, the
scientific investigate society has never ceased to look for renewable biofuel alternative.
Used for the transportation sector, a useful biofuel must:
be formed cheaply and proficiently
have a comparatively high energy density, in both volume and weight, in order to reach good
mileage
be simple to store and dispense
have enough reserves, which do not make threats in ecosystem
Sourced from a range of bio mass or bio waste
Should possess appropriate properties for use in obtainable power generation systems without the
need for major Changes.
In the wake of exhausting petroleum stocks and the test of meeting the considerably more stringent
discharge standards, specialists over the globe are spurred to recommend different other options to
petrol and diesel. Different biofuels, for example, ethanol, butanol, biodiesel, green diesel, bio
ethers, and green growth based biofuels have gathered the enthusiasm of scientists.
There has been a late enthusiasm for furan mixes, for example, 2 methylfuran [1] and 2, 5
dimethylfuran (DMF) [2 5]. DMF can be handled from waste biomass, which can be effortlessly
changed over to fructose and changed into DMF by synergist system [6]. Synergist change of
sugars into furans includes a few steps drying out,

Return Of The Jedi Analysis
Return of the Jedi was by far my favorite film out of all 6 movies. I found that watching them
backwards wasn t so bad at the end of Return of the Jedi because, it helped me connect all the
dots together. I must say that my favorite part would have to be when Luke finally tells Leia
about their connection. I was fascinated by her instant response of I know, somehow, I ve always
known because, I believe in the cognitive connection between siblings. While reading Bethke s
assessment I instantly connected to his statement of He gave us a stout hearted lad who was loyal
to his friends and uncompromising to his enemies; who, when faced with the choice between good
and evil, chose good; and who, in the final scene did not utter a pithy epigram as he... Show more
Instead of making the division between good and evil so concrete he allowed Luke to
demonstrate that it was possible for the good to become evil and evil to become good. While
although Obi Wan was correct in saying Vader was more machine than man, Lucas still
demonstrated that Luke was his own character within the Jedi s and truly believe in his
cognitive feelings towards his father. I find this scenario to be relatable on a lot of different
levels. First, emotions toward family members can always be difficult when there is division and
broken connections. Second, as humans we want to believe that there is always a solid cognitive
connection between family members just as we have seen between Leia and Luke. We see the
negative side to this argument between Luke and Vader because in the end Vader is too far gone.
Third, we can relate to the disappointment but strength it can provide within a family when
someone is lost. We can see this between Luke and Leia after their father was burned and
destroyed. I find that these 3 areas are a part of the movies greatest strengths because we can truly
learn about family and the dysfunction that can be

The Early Modern Era Between The 1500s And The 1800s
The timespan between the 1500s and the 1800s is commonly regarded as the Early Modern Era
of European history. This period directly follows the Middle Ages and ends around the time of the
French Revolution, which thereafter the modern period seemingly begins. This specific era
consists of profound and significant developments in Europe s economic history and here we can
see the beginnings of capitalism. This early modern periodexperienced important technological
advances, the Protestant Reformationand the decline of the Church, the formation of banking
systems and savings, nation state building, mercantilism and the beginnings of industrialization.
The economic ideas that emerged during this period are markedly different and some times at odds
with those that prevailed just right before during the Middle Ages. The early 1500 s began with a
burst of economic activity, which is largely credited to the important technological advances that
occurred in Europe during this time, which then led to relatively rapid economic, social and
political changes throughout Europe.
The period preceding the Early Modern Era, the Middle Ages, reflects a society that is much
different to the world we see today. The Middle Ages can be characterized as a decentralized
society where the Church held great influence in both politics, economics and the society as a
whole. The economy placed much greater emphasis on agriculture, with Feudalism as the prevailing
system of society. What came with

Compare and Contrast the Northern and Italian Renaissance
Italian High Renaissance artists achieved ideal of harmony and balance comparable with the
works of ancient Greece or Rome. Renaissance Classicism was a form of art that removed the
extraneous detail and showed the world as it was. Forms, colors and proportions, light and shade
effects, spatial harmony, composition, perspective, anatomy all are handled with total control and a
level of accomplishment for which there are no real precedents.
Leonardo da Vinci was a Florentine artist, one of the great masters of the High Renaissance, who
was also celebrated as a painter, sculptor, architect, engineer, and scientist. Leonardo fuses his
subject with the landscape behind her by means of light. He called this technique sfumato (
smokiness) ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Although Michelangelo s David embodies the athletic ideal of antiquity in its muscularity, here the
male nude implies, as it had in classical antiquity, heroic or even divine qualities. David also
represents the power of right over might.
Raphael Sanzio or Raffaello was an Italian master painter and architect of the Florentine school
in High Renaissance, celebrated for the perfection and grace of his paintings. He was also called
Raffaello Sanzio, Raffaello Santi, Raffaello da Urbino or Rafael Sanzio da Urbino. He moved to
Florence at the age of 20, where he was exposed to Leonardo da Vinci, whom he never ceased to
admire as a mentor and father figure , and to Michelangelo. Raphael learned from both men, but
while he made use of their exploration of human anatomy, he added sentiment to his paintings.He
was commissioned by Julius II to paint some of the rooms at his palace at the Vatican. This
marked a turning point, and he was only twenty five years old. He remained almost exclusively
in the service of Julius and his successor Leo X. He painted a series of frescoes in the papal
apartments as well as those of the Stanza della Segnatura, which include his vast School of Athens.
Between 1520 and 1600 a growing dissatisfaction with classical techniques and styles led artists
towards developing a new movement later called

Four Key Philosophies At Pike Place Fish Market
1. Employees and bosses at Pike Place Fish Market employed four essential philosophies which
were essential in improving organizational culture, guaranteeing maximum output and satisfaction
in the work environment. These key creative principles which recognizes the valuable
contributions of every member at the workplace is clearly outlined below. To begin with, the
Power of Personal Responsibility required workers at Pike Fish Place understood that each of
them was responsible for the success of the business. Thus, whether manager or a mere employee,
an attitude of commitment was vital in maximizing profits, satisfaction, maintaining healthy
relationships at the job place. Each person is valuable and encouraged to demonstrate creativity in
all activities as well as devise ways and means of doing the very ordinary things an extraordinary
way in working towards the achievement of the business s objectives.
Secondly, the Power of Co creation advanced the notion that to attain desirable and laudable
accomplishments coordination and teamwork was imperative. As such, it was the responsibility of
each and all to consciously make an effort towards a vibrant, booming and a famous Pike ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
At Pike Place Fish Market, the management style evolved from a very formal, and domineering style
of managers to a more informal, accommodating and tolerant one. As a result, the management
approach changed from a tyrannical administration to one which empowers and inculcates the
views of subordinates and colleagues in the day to day running of the fish market. The new
management structure encouraged regular communication between workers and senior supervisors.
Furthermore, the new style introduced a better governance structure where both managers and mere
workers were held accountable to and responsible for their individual actions. Moreover, the
fundamental changes in the management approach recognized the opinions, ideas and suggestions
of all workers at the Pike Place Fish

Did The Tudor Era Have The Greatest Influence On Modern...
Did the Tudor Era have the greatest influence on modern societies? The Tudor Era was one of the
most influential time periods in British history, commencing in late 15th Century, with Henry VII s
iconic defeat of Richard III in the Battle of Bosworth Field in 1485. This era produced several
monarchs that shaped Englands future drastically in terms of culture and religious beliefs over a
118 year rule. The iconic influence of the monarchs brought forward political and societal tension
as well as produced influential people that would re define British culture in a variety of aspects
such as literature, science and religion. Although the House of Tudor existed centuries ago, they
remain to be fictionally portrayed in novels such as The Tudor

Pretty Little Liars And Gossip Girl
While Gossip Girl is rather noteworthy, there are a number of shows that share a common theme.
For instance, Pretty Little Liars is about a group of four girls whose lives completely change
when Alison, the head of the group goes missing. The series then proceeds to having an
anonymous person who sends out intimidating texts to the friend group. Similarly, this show is
also on Netflix, lasting six whole seasons. Another show that shares the same basics with Pretty
Little Liars and Gossip Girl is One Tree. This show introduces a group of teenagers attending One
Tree Hill High school, where they also find themselves in uncomfortable situations. All of the series
previously stated include the problems that characters are facing with secrets. Gossip... Show more
With the wealth portrayed in Gossip Girl, both boys and girls are influenced to dress in
luxurious clothing. Gossip Girl has created a website where fans can purchase the exact brand
name and style of clothing that was included throughout the series. The styles range from Blaire
s breathtaking, classy dresses to Chuck Bass formal three piece suit. When Gossip Girl first
aired, Blaire and her friend s were sixteen. It is interesting to observe how the teens transitioned
into different, more sophisticated clothing as they got older. Fashion has played a major role in
the show. It provides viewers with style and brand names. Blaire is considered to be one of the
most fashionable in the show because of her mother s clothing line. After she graduates from
college, Blaire takes over her mother s business. In season 6 episode 2, Blaire travels to France.
During her stay, she absorbs fashion trends in France, that she can potentially incorporate in her
own designs. Furthermore, Gossip Girl provided viewers insight on different kinds of styles that
are outside of New York. True fans will now enjoy a variety of clothing for different seasons and
occasions. ( Forget Gossip, Girl; The Buzz is about the clothes ) Moreover, fans are satisfied with
the high fashion trends, where they can blend in with Manhattan s residents. Although there have
been successful fan sites, the availability of

Keeping A Dialectic Journal Extremely Mind Opening
I found this experience of keeping a dialectic journal extremely mind opening. I had been
keeping a journal for a few weeks before this assignment began. For those who may not know a
dialectic journal is when for a set number of days a person free writes for a set amount of time,
and then for an equal number or days responds to what they wrote. My focus was supposed to be
a tomato, but I quickly realized that the tomato was only there to begin the conversation. I have
always been a person who is inside their head more often than not, which made some of the entries
begin to come from a darker room within my mind. When I started writingthis journal I was okay
with the assignment, and it was fun to come up with the story of Alfredo. Soon after however,
my entries started to get more and more about myself. I jokingly write at one point that if this
journal does not end in psych evaluation I did not do my job correctly , little did I know that the
depressive side of my mind would soon bring that into a possibility. I have bipolar disorder and
spend most of the last 4 days writing about it, I found that putting words on paperhelped somewhat.
I also found that putting the words on paper became easier as I wrote more
Writing has always been one of those things that I have had to work at to get words on paper that
is not the case anymore. For some reason just letting myself free write for a couple weeks has
suddenly made it much easier for me to write, and write significantly

A Strange Anatomy Called Us Inflation Essay
A Strange Anatomy Called US Inflation
As part of its dual mandate, bestowed by Congress in 1978, the Fed is charged with the
responsibility of achieving so called price stability. During the early years, there was some
ambiguity as to what this exactly meant, but, under former Fed Chairman Bernanke, it became
linked to the Federal Open Market Committee s (FOMC) 2% long term inflation target. There are a
number of different measures of price pressures in the US economy, but the FOMC has always
focussed on those that affect households, namely the consumer price index (CPI) and the personal
consumption expenditure (PCE) deflator. The former uses fairly rigid weights on out of pocket
spending on good and services, while the latter will adjust the basket weights to take into account
product substitution by consumers due to price changes. The CPI will, therefore, not cover medical
care bills paid by employer provided insurance, Medicare and Medicaid. By contrast, such items are
included in the PCE, thereby implying that the weight of medical care is significantly higher than
in CPI. Meanwhile, the other major difference between these two inflation measures is shelter,
which enjoys a much higher weighting in the CPI than the PCE. The FOMC has chosen the PCE as
its chosen inflation target, although there is some confusion as to whether members are monitoring
the headline or core measures. The CPI does, however, remain relevant: it is the benchmark
measure of inflation against which

The Pros And Cons Of Redundancy
Redundancy: This is a legal term that arises where an individual is either dismissed, put on short
term or lay off (Grimes and Horgan, 1988), although this is done because of the legal
implications and employers don t like to be sued by employees for such reasons because of the
lump sum accrued to it as damages or penalty. There are identifiable reasons for such act which
could be either the employer has intended to cease to carry on business or the reason for
employment of the individual no longer exists (fewer persons are required). Nonetheless, the
employee (provided he has satisfied the Social Welfare Act of 1952 (as amended) must be
employed by the employer for minimum of 2 years and must be insured under the Social Welfare
Act) is able to establish a ground of redundancy, and it behoves the employer to justify the
selection of redundancy is genuine and in a fair manner(Faulkner, 2008), if not, the damages paid
is a sum payment to the employee, calculated by reference to the length of the employee s service
and normal weekly wages at the date of dismissal as stipulated in the Irish Redundancy Payments...
The Nigeria Labour Act covers this aspect, the act stipulates that employers inform the employee
involved of the reasons for and length of the anticipated redundancy by applying the principle of
last in, first out (similar to the Irish employment law) in the discharge of the worker subject to
factors such as relative merit, including skill, ability and reliability; and endeavours to negotiate
redundancy payments to any discharged employees I the best possible manner (Adeshina, Akande
and Aiyepola, 2017). However, companies do not subject its employees to redundancy or follow
this method rather an outright dismissal or termination is

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