Linguistics is the scientific study of language, including its structure, grammar, sounds, and meaning. It is divided into micro and macro linguistics. Micro linguistics studies the basic elements of language, including phonetics, phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, and pragmatics. Macro linguistics studies language at a broader level, examining psycholinguistics, sociolinguistics, neurolinguistics, discourse analysis, computational linguistics, and applied linguistics. The document provides definitions and brief explanations of each subfield.

2. LINGUISTICS
The scientific study of language
and its structure, including the
study of grammar, syntax, and
phonetics.

3. general linguistics
A study of the phenomena,
historical changes, and
functions of language regardless
of any particular language.

4. SUBFIELDS OF LINGUISTICS
There are kinds of linguistics:
Micro Linguistics.
Macro Linguistics.

5. Micro Linguistics
Phonetics.
Phonology.
Morphology.

6. Micro Linguistics
Syntax.
Semantics.
Pragmatics.

7. Macro Linguistics
Psycholinguistics.
Sociolinguistics.
Neurolinguistics.

8. Macro Linguistics
Discourse Analysis.
Computational.
Linguistics.
Applied Linguistics.

9. Micro Linguistics
Phonetics: the study of the physical
properties of sounds of human language.
Phonology: the study of sounds as
discrete, abstract elements in the
speaker’s mind that distinguish meaning.

10. Micro Linguistics
Morphology: the study of internal
structure of words and how they can
modified.
Syntax: the study of how words combine
to form grammatical sentences.

11. Micro Linguistics
Semantics: the study of the meaning of
words (lexical semantics) and fixed word
combinations and how these combine to
form the meanings of sentences.
Pragmatics: the study of how utterance
are used (literally, figuratively, or otherwise)
in communicative acts.

12. Macro Linguistics
Psycholinguistics: the study of the
cognitive processes and representations
underlying language use.
Sociolinguistics: the study of social
patterns and norms of linguistics
variability.

13. Macro Linguistics
Neurolinguistics: the study of the brain
networks that underlie grammar and
communication.
Discourse Analysis: the analysis of
language use in text (spoken, written, or
signed).

14. Macro Linguistics
Linguistics: linguistics is concerned with
human language as a universal and
recognizable part of human behavior and of
the human abilities.
Applied Linguistics: is the branch of
linguistics that is most concerned with
application of concepts in everyday life,
including language-teaching.

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