COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF WATER QUALITY IN TAMIRABARANI RIVER ENCROACHED BY WAT...Jenson Samraj
This dissertation explains the analysis of water quality in which the Eichhornia crassipes lives further from many different samples the water was analyzed by my friend Mr. Esakki Raja
STUDY AND EVALUATION OF WATER QUALITY OF RIVER GANGA AT DIFFERENT GHATS OF VA...Ugrasen Gulshan
OBJECTIVE OF STUDY
1)To analysis the physico-chemical parameters of water of River Ganga in Varanasi city at different Ghats.
2)To study the change of physico-chemical properties of water with time.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF WATER QUALITY IN TAMIRABARANI RIVER ENCROACHED BY WAT...Jenson Samraj
This dissertation explains the analysis of water quality in which the Eichhornia crassipes lives further from many different samples the water was analyzed by my friend Mr. Esakki Raja
STUDY AND EVALUATION OF WATER QUALITY OF RIVER GANGA AT DIFFERENT GHATS OF VA...Ugrasen Gulshan
OBJECTIVE OF STUDY
1)To analysis the physico-chemical parameters of water of River Ganga in Varanasi city at different Ghats.
2)To study the change of physico-chemical properties of water with time.
wholesomeness, Requirements for Domestic Use. Impurities in Water. Objects & purpose of Water Analysis.Collection of Samples. Classification of Analysis of Water: Physical,
Chemical & Biological Examination of Water.
Water has its own taste, color, smell and constituents. Not all water can be used for all purposes. Eg. Sea water can not be used by us for drinking. The suitability of water for different purposes is determined by its quality parameters. The Quality of water is equally important than quantity. Even if present in huge amounts, we can not use salt water in many life support activities. Water has its own Physical properties, Chemical composition and Biological Properties. This module highlights the water quality parameters that are essential.
Over the last decade, demand for spring management has increased as traditional spring sources have started drying up or becoming contaminated. In response, communities, NGOs and state agencies began dedicated spring protection programmes. In the Himalayas, the State of Sikkim and organizations such as Central Himalayan Action and Research Group (CHIRAG) and People Science Institute (PSI) started identifying and protecting spring recharge areas around 2007. The difference between these programmes and many other previous efforts is that they went beyond supply-side improvements to focus on the use of hydrogeology to map springsheds for targeted interventions.
The Advanced Centre for Water Resources Development and Management (ACWADAM), a research and capacity-building organization comprised of hydrogeologists and other experts began lending their expertise and building capacity of stakeholders. ACWADAM provides technical support, training and materials in hydrogeology to all network partners as well as others in India and the region. Similar programmes began independently in most of the mountain regions of India. Arghyam, a funding organization that was supporting many of these programmes, noticed that these disparate initiatives shared commonalities despite geographic diversity. They thus organized and funded a meeting of these various organizations in June 2014, and the Springs Initiative was born.
The springs initiative aims to tackle the current water crisis and to ensure safe and sustainable access to water for all, by promoting responsible and appropriate management of aquifers, springsheds, and watersheds and conserving ecosystems in partnership with communities, governments and other stakeholders.
This presentation has been developed as a part of the springs initiative to promote an understanding of springs and their role in mountainous areas.
A hand note on water resource management, specially in the context of Bangladesh. I prepared the note for the MS final exam on the course water resource management.
Here you will find brief description about water sampling. actually it's so important to examine the water we use our daily life in order to avoid negative impact of water.
Ecosystem services are the benefits that people obtain from ecosystems. They are indispensable to the well-being of all living organisms, everywhere in the world. They include provisioning, regulating, and cultural services that directly affect people, and supporting services needed to maintain the other services (Anon., 2005). From the availability of adequate food and water, to disease regulation of vectors, pests, and pathogens, human well-being depends on these services and conditions from the natural environment. Ecosystem services depend on ecosystem conditions, and if these are impacted via pressures, consequently ecosystem services will be as well (Daily G, 1997). Human use of all ecosystem services is growing rapidly. Approximately 60% of the ecosystem services (including 70% of regulating and cultural services) are being degraded or used unsustainably. Certain changes place the sustained delivery of ecosystem services at risk. Human activity is impairing and destroying ecosystem services. Services by the ecosystem are facing some serious threats from urbanization, climate change and introduction of invasive species and pathogens which have come into existence through human activities (Anon., 1997). Ecosystem evaluation is a tool used in determining the impact of human activities on an environmental system, by assigning an economic value to an ecosystem or its ecosystem services. Ecosystem values are measures of how important ecosystem services are to people – what they are worth. Economists classify ecosystem values into several types. The two main categories are use values and non-use, or passive use values. Whereas use values are based on actual use of the environment, non-use values are values that are not associated with actual use, or even an option to use, an ecosystem or its services (Brookshire, et al.,1983). There are several methods of valuation of environmental assets, goods and amenities, services and functions like market price method, productivity method, hedonic pricing method, travel cost method and contingent valuation method.
Environmental Indicators: Measuring Urban Development in Mountains of India. Presented by Kashinath Vajpai at the "Perth II: Global Change and the World's Mountains" conference in Perth, Scotland in September 2010.
wholesomeness, Requirements for Domestic Use. Impurities in Water. Objects & purpose of Water Analysis.Collection of Samples. Classification of Analysis of Water: Physical,
Chemical & Biological Examination of Water.
Water has its own taste, color, smell and constituents. Not all water can be used for all purposes. Eg. Sea water can not be used by us for drinking. The suitability of water for different purposes is determined by its quality parameters. The Quality of water is equally important than quantity. Even if present in huge amounts, we can not use salt water in many life support activities. Water has its own Physical properties, Chemical composition and Biological Properties. This module highlights the water quality parameters that are essential.
Over the last decade, demand for spring management has increased as traditional spring sources have started drying up or becoming contaminated. In response, communities, NGOs and state agencies began dedicated spring protection programmes. In the Himalayas, the State of Sikkim and organizations such as Central Himalayan Action and Research Group (CHIRAG) and People Science Institute (PSI) started identifying and protecting spring recharge areas around 2007. The difference between these programmes and many other previous efforts is that they went beyond supply-side improvements to focus on the use of hydrogeology to map springsheds for targeted interventions.
The Advanced Centre for Water Resources Development and Management (ACWADAM), a research and capacity-building organization comprised of hydrogeologists and other experts began lending their expertise and building capacity of stakeholders. ACWADAM provides technical support, training and materials in hydrogeology to all network partners as well as others in India and the region. Similar programmes began independently in most of the mountain regions of India. Arghyam, a funding organization that was supporting many of these programmes, noticed that these disparate initiatives shared commonalities despite geographic diversity. They thus organized and funded a meeting of these various organizations in June 2014, and the Springs Initiative was born.
The springs initiative aims to tackle the current water crisis and to ensure safe and sustainable access to water for all, by promoting responsible and appropriate management of aquifers, springsheds, and watersheds and conserving ecosystems in partnership with communities, governments and other stakeholders.
This presentation has been developed as a part of the springs initiative to promote an understanding of springs and their role in mountainous areas.
A hand note on water resource management, specially in the context of Bangladesh. I prepared the note for the MS final exam on the course water resource management.
Here you will find brief description about water sampling. actually it's so important to examine the water we use our daily life in order to avoid negative impact of water.
Ecosystem services are the benefits that people obtain from ecosystems. They are indispensable to the well-being of all living organisms, everywhere in the world. They include provisioning, regulating, and cultural services that directly affect people, and supporting services needed to maintain the other services (Anon., 2005). From the availability of adequate food and water, to disease regulation of vectors, pests, and pathogens, human well-being depends on these services and conditions from the natural environment. Ecosystem services depend on ecosystem conditions, and if these are impacted via pressures, consequently ecosystem services will be as well (Daily G, 1997). Human use of all ecosystem services is growing rapidly. Approximately 60% of the ecosystem services (including 70% of regulating and cultural services) are being degraded or used unsustainably. Certain changes place the sustained delivery of ecosystem services at risk. Human activity is impairing and destroying ecosystem services. Services by the ecosystem are facing some serious threats from urbanization, climate change and introduction of invasive species and pathogens which have come into existence through human activities (Anon., 1997). Ecosystem evaluation is a tool used in determining the impact of human activities on an environmental system, by assigning an economic value to an ecosystem or its ecosystem services. Ecosystem values are measures of how important ecosystem services are to people – what they are worth. Economists classify ecosystem values into several types. The two main categories are use values and non-use, or passive use values. Whereas use values are based on actual use of the environment, non-use values are values that are not associated with actual use, or even an option to use, an ecosystem or its services (Brookshire, et al.,1983). There are several methods of valuation of environmental assets, goods and amenities, services and functions like market price method, productivity method, hedonic pricing method, travel cost method and contingent valuation method.
Environmental Indicators: Measuring Urban Development in Mountains of India. Presented by Kashinath Vajpai at the "Perth II: Global Change and the World's Mountains" conference in Perth, Scotland in September 2010.
Short presentation takes you the basics of Rails Model Associations by constructing a simple app, Timber: the dating app for Lumberjacks and Lumberjills. Code can be found on github: https://github.com/PareidoliaX/timber
The peer-reviewed International Journal of Engineering Inventions (IJEI) is started with a mission to encourage contribution to research in Science and Technology. Encourage and motivate researchers in challenging areas of Sciences and Technology.
Impact on Aquatic Environment for Water Pollution in the Vahirab Rivertheijes
Water is a valued natural resource for the existence of all living organisms. Vahirab river is the prominent & important rivers for vital source of water from Jessore to Khulna. The prime reason of deterioration and pollution of the river water quality by effluents discharged from industries, municipal sewage, household wastes, clinical wastes and oils. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of this wastewater on the river and thus to provide an updated report on the state of water quality of river Vahirab. The water sample were collected from different areas in the river Vahirab and analyzed for physico-chemical parameters and fresh water elements in the month of July, 2013 to November, 2013. The values of temperature, turbidity, pH, chloride, hardness, DO, BOD, COD, Fe, As, Pb, Cd and Cr in the river water were measured. During study period the temperature, turbidity, pH, hardness, chloride, DO, BOD and COD were found to be 280C to 31.50C, 37 to 947 NTU, 7.2 to 8.01, 92 to 140 ppm, 9 to 34 ppm, 122 to 5.51 mg/L, 0.22 to 5.79 mg/L and 3.80 to 10.80 mg/L respectively. The concentration of Fe, Pb, As, Cd and Cr were found to be 0.10 to 2.60 ppm, 0.004 to 0.025 ppm, 0.001 to 0.004 ppm, 0.00015 to 0.0094 ppm and 0.001 to 0.006 ppm respectively. From the results of investigation, it was observed that the values of pH, Cl- , hardness, As, Pb, Cd and Cr were within standard limit but the values of temperature, turbidity, DO, BOD, COD and Fe were not within acceptable limit as recommended by WHO and BDS guidelines. The results obtained from this investigation will help the people of the research area to be conscious for using the water in the Vahirab river.
Water Quality and Sediment Analysis of Selected Rivers at Satara District, Ma...ijtsrd
Water pollution is one of the major global environmental problems. It is an acute problem almost in all major rivers and water reservoirs in India. Water pollution is increasing and becoming severe day by day and posing a great risk to human health and other living organisms. There is growing concern on the deterioration of ground water quality due to geogenic and anthropogenic activities. Present investigation aims at insight about the level of contaminants of surface water, groundwater and sediment analysis of selected rivers of Krishna River located in Mahuli and Urmodi river located in Nagthane, Satara district. An attempt has been made to assess the water quality, sediment analysis of the samples. Dissolved oxygen content of the water samples was observed quite well in limits such as in Krishna river Mahuli DO was 27.68mg L and in Urmodi river Nagthane was13.68mg .In the present study, COD value was observed by 720mg l at surface water of Krishna River Mahuliand 1320 mg l at surface water sample of Urmodi river Nagthane. As expected groundwater samples showed values of hardness within a limit. There is an urgent need for more representative samples to be used to go beyond preliminary assessment as reported in the present study for making appropriate recommendations. Pallavi Dhekale | Pranjal Nikam | Sagar Dadas | Chetana Patil "Water Quality and Sediment Analysis of Selected Rivers at Satara District, Maharashtra" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-6 , October 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd28062.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/pharmacy/medicinal-chemistry/28062/water-quality-and-sediment-analysis-of-selected-rivers-at-satara-district-maharashtra/pallavi-dhekale
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Study of the Quality of Irrigation Water in South-East El-Kantara Canal, Nort...Medhat Elzahar
The study examines the irrigation water quality
for North Sinai Development Project (NSDP). The water
resources investigated are agriculture wastewater mixed with
Nile freshwater in a ratio of 1:1. This study focuses on the
quality of irrigation water used in the reclamation and
cultivation of 75,000 acres of the South-East EL-Kantra Canal
lies in the NSDP. Six monitoring locations along the canal path
were chosen for examination. Water samples were collected
every month during the period from Dec. 2007 to Nov. 2014.
The water parameters were set using the Egyptian irrigation
water standards, based on the local Decree 92/2013 for the
Executive Regulation of Law 48/1982, concerning the protection
of the Nile River and its waterways from pollution, as well as
the United States Environmental Agency, USEPA 2012
Guidelines for reclaimed water quality for irrigation. The
results of the study clearly demonstrate restrictions to irrigate
the uncooked vegetables and uncooked crops for human. The
need for increasing the mixed Nile freshwater portion or
pretreatment of the agriculture wastewater prior to mixing
with the Nile freshwater to satisfy Egyptian irrigation water
standards and USEPA 2012 as several water quality results,
such as BOD, DO, and fecal coliform, are unacceptable. As a
suggestion, we recommend using aerated lagoons, stabilization
ponds or wetlands to treat polluted agriculture wastewater
before adding to the Nile river water to satisfy Egyptian
irrigation water criteria.
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of computer science and electronics. IJESI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Engineering Science and Technology, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Seasonal Variation of Groundwater Quality in Parts of Y.S.R and Anantapur Dis...IJERA Editor
Groundwater is used for domestic, industrial water supply and for irrigation all over the world. The groundwater
quality is a function of natural processes as well as anthropogenic activities. The safe potable water is
enormously essential for living and groundwater is one of the sources for human consumption in both urban as
well as rural areas. The area is located in the survey of India toposheet Number 57 J/3 lying between east
780
00’
0
’’ to 780
15’
0
” longitudes and 140
15’ 0
’’ to 140
30’
0
’’ North latitudes covering an area of 720 sq. kms.
Geologically, it is underlain mainly by Peninsular gneisses of Archean age followed by Gulcheru and Vemapalli
formations comprising quartzites, conglomerates, dolomites and shales. Major geomorphic units are
denudational hills, residual hills, pediments, pediplains, structural hills and valleys. The study area experiences a
semiarid climate. Physicochemical parameters viz., pH, total hardness, calcium, chloride, total dissolved solids,
fluoride were analyzed. Most of parameter show higher value than permissible limit in pre and post monsoon.
Further, a moderation in water quality was observed after the monsoon season, which can be attributed to a
possible dilution due to groundwater recharge People dependent on this water may prone to health hazard.
Therefore some effective measures are urgently required to enhance the quality of water in these areas
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
The physicochemical properties of some selected water sources within a quarry site at locations (L1, L2, L3, and L4) in Afao-Ekiti
were investigated using standard analytical methods. At the quarry site the following parameters were undertaking (pH, total dissolved solids, the total hardness, phosphate, electrical conductivity, chloride, and fluoride and nitrate) and were all within the World Health Organization (WHO) permissible limits for drinking water. However, the metal samples investigated also fell within WHO permissible limits for drinking water except for iron (L3) and manganese (L4). These results showed that water sources in this environment were not contaminated and fit for human consumption. This study also investigates the suitability of water for drinking purposes based on Water Quality Index (WQI) estimated. The Communities within the studied area require alternative sources of potable water for drinking and
domestic purposes other than the previous model.
EVALUATION OF GROUNDWATER QUALITY OF VAIPPAR BASIN, TAMIL NADU, INDIA: A GEOI...SagarChougule11
The Vaippar Basin, one of the important basins of Tamil Nadu is located between 9° 0' 05" & 9° 44' 56" N latitudes and 77° 23' 25" & 78° 17' 02" E longitudes with an area of 5339 sq.km. Groundwater samples were collected from 91 different locations in the Vaippar basin, Tamil Nadu, India. Groundwater quality data for the period of 30 years (1983 to 2013) of both pre-monsoon and post-monsoon periods were used to analyze the groundwater quality aspects of the Vaippar basin. The physico-chemical parameters such as Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), pH, HCO3-, Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, SO4-, NO3- and Cl have been analyzed to determine the geological and non-geological source of contamination. An overall hydrogeochemical analytical study using Electrical Conductivity, Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR), Sodium percentage (Na%) and Residual Sodium Carbonate (RSC) values reveals that most of the groundwater samples collected from the study area are suitable for drinking, irrigation, and industrial purposes.
Assessment of Water Quality of Lakes for Drinking and Irrigation Purposes in ...IJERA Editor
Lake water is an important source for drinking, domestic and irrigation purposes in rural and urban India. The present study aims at evaluating the water quality of various lakes in Raipur city, Chhatisgarh. There existed 154 lakes in the city but it shrinked to 85 in number due to encroachment or drying up of lakes. Twenty seven prominent lakes are selected to study and evaluate the water quality for drinking and irrigation purposes. The water samples were collected and analysed for pH, Turbidity, Electrical Conductivity (EC), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Alkalinity, Hardness, Sodium(Na+), Potassium(K+), Calcium(Ca2+), Magnesium(Mg2+), Bicarbonate(HCO3-), Sulphate (SO42-), Nitrate (NO3−),Phosphate(PO43-) Fluoride(F-), Chloride (Cl−), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Total Coliform (TC) and Fecal Coliform (FC). There are variations for pH (6.59-8.29), EC (382-2330μS/cm), Turbidity (1-232 NTU), TDS (244-1491 mg/L), Alkalinity (120-600 mg/L), Hardness (66-330mg/L), Na+(37-430 mg/L), K+ (8-253 mg/L), Ca2+ (9-90 mg/L), Mg2+(3-26 mg/L), SO42- (5-200 mg/L), NO3-(0-19 mg/L), PO43-(0.19-5.3 mg/L), F-(0.18-1.41 mg/L) and Cl- (46-388 mg/L), DO(1-8.6 mg/L), BOD (0.1-11.3 mg/L), COD (8-118 mg/L), Total Coliform( 15-3600 MPN/100ml) and Fecal Coliform (4-240 MPN/100 ml). The results have been compared with the drinking water standard prescribed by Bureau of Indian Standard (BIS). All the physiochemical parameters are within the prescribed limit except turbidity, fecal & total coliform. The Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR) and salinity hazards are studied to classify the water for irrigation uses. It is found that lake water is suitable for irrigation purposes.
Due to availability of internet and evolution of embedded devices, Internet of things can be useful to contribute in energy domain. The Internet of Things (IoT) will deliver a smarter grid to enable more information and connectivity throughout the infrastructure and to homes. Through the IoT, consumers, manufacturers and utility providers will come across new ways to manage devices and ultimately conserve resources and save money by using smart meters, home gateways, smart plugs and connected appliances. The future smart home, various devices will be able to measure and share their energy consumption, and actively participate in house-wide or building wide energy management systems. This paper discusses the different approaches being taken worldwide to connect the smart grid. Full system solutions can be developed by combining hardware and software to address some of the challenges in building a smarter and more connected smart grid.
A Survey Report on : Security & Challenges in Internet of Thingsijsrd.com
In the era of computing technology, Internet of Things (IoT) devices are now popular in each and every domains like e-governance, e-Health, e-Home, e-Commerce, and e-Trafficking etc. Iot is spreading from small to large applications in all fields like Smart Cities, Smart Grids, Smart Transportation. As on one side IoT provide facilities and services for the society. On the other hand, IoT security is also a crucial issues.IoT security is an area which totally concerned for giving security to connected devices and networks in the IoT .As, IoT is vast area with usability, performance, security, and reliability as a major challenges in it. The growth of the IoT is exponentially increases as driven by market pressures, which proportionally increases the security threats involved in IoT The relationship between the security and billions of devices connecting to the Internet cannot be described with existing mathematical methods. In this paper, we explore the opportunities possible in the IoT with security threats and challenges associated with it.
In today’s emerging world of Internet, each and every thing is supposed to be in connected mode with the help of billions of smart devices. By connecting all the devises used in our day to day life, make our life trouble less and easy. We are incorporated in a world where we are used to have smart phones, smart cars, smart gadgets, smart homes and smart cities. Different institutes and researchers are working for creating a smart world for us but real question which we need to emphasis on is how to make dumb devises talk with uncommon hardware and communication technology. For the same what kind of mechanism to use with various protocols and less human interaction. The purpose is to provide the key area for application of IoT and a platform on which various devices having different mechanism and protocols can communicate with an integrated architecture.
Study on Issues in Managing and Protecting Data of IOTijsrd.com
This paper discusses variety of issues for preserving and managing data produced by IoT. Every second large amount of data are added or updated in the IoT databases across the heterogeneous environment. While managing the data each phase of data processing for IoT data is exigent like storing data, querying, indexing, transaction management and failure handling. We also refer to the problem of data integration and protection as data requires to be fit in single layout and travel securely as they arrive in the pool from diversified sources in different structure. Finally, we confer a standardized pathway to manage and to defend data in consistent manner.
Interactive Technologies for Improving Quality of Education to Build Collabor...ijsrd.com
Today with advancement in Information Communication Technology (ICT) the way the education is being delivered is seeing a paradigm shift from boring classroom lectures to interactive applications such as 2-D and 3-D learning content, animations, live videos, response systems, interactive panels, education games, virtual laboratories and collaborative research (data gathering and analysis) etc. Engineering is emerging with more innovative solutions in the field of education and bringing out their innovative products to improve education delivery. The academic institutes which were once hesitant to use such technology are now looking forward to such innovations. They are adopting the new ways as they are realizing the vast benefits of using such methods and technology. The benefits are better comprehensibility, improved learning efficiency of students, and access to vast knowledge resources, geographical reach, quick feedback, accountability and quality research. This paper focuses on how engineering can leverage the latest technology and build a collaborative learning environment which can then be integrated with the national e-learning grid.
Internet of Things - Paradigm Shift of Future Internet Application for Specia...ijsrd.com
In the world more than 15% people are living with disability that also include children below age of 10 years. Due to lack of independent support services specially abled (handicap) people overly rely on other people for their basic needs, that excludes them from being financially and socially active. The Internet of Things (IoT) can give support system and a better quality of life as well as participation in routine and day to day life. For this purpose, the future solutions for current problems has been introduced in this paper. Daunting challenges have been considered as future research and glimpse of the IoT for specially abled person is given in the paper.
A Study of the Adverse Effects of IoT on Student's Lifeijsrd.com
Internet of things (IoT) is the most powerful invention and if used in the positive direction, internet can prove to be very productive. But, now a days, due to the social networking sites such as Face book, WhatsApp, twitter, hike etc. internet is producing adverse effects on the student life, especially those students studying at college Level. As it is rightly said, something which has some positive effects also has some of the negative effects on the other hand. In this article, we are discussing some adverse effects of IoT on student’s life.
Pedagogy for Effective use of ICT in English Language Learningijsrd.com
The use of information and communications technology (ICT) in education is a relatively new phenomenon and it has been the educational researchers' focus of attention for more than two decades. Educators and researchers examine the challenges of using ICT and think of new ways to integrate ICT into the curriculum. However, there are some barriers for the teachers that prevent them to use ICT in the classroom and develop supporting materials through ICT. The purpose of this study is to examine the high school English teachers’ perceptions of the factors discouraging teachers to use ICT in the classroom.
In recent years usage of private vehicles create urban traffic more and more crowded. As result traffic becomes one of the important problems in big cities in all over the world. Some of the traffic concerns are traffic jam and accidents which have caused a huge waste of time, more fuel consumption and more pollution. Time is very important parameter in routine life. The main problem faced by the people is real time routing. Our solution Virtual Eye will provide the current updates as in the real time scenario of the specific route. This research paper presents smart traffic navigation system, based on Internet of Things, which is featured by low cost, high compatibility, easy to upgrade, to replace traditional traffic management system and the proposed system can improve road traffic tremendously.
Ontological Model of Educational Programs in Computer Science (Bachelor and M...ijsrd.com
In this work there is illustrated an ontological model of educational programs in computer science for bachelor and master degrees in Computer science and for master educational program “Computer science as second competence†by Tempus project PROMIS.
Understanding IoT Management for Smart Refrigeratorijsrd.com
Lately the concept of Internet of Things (IoT) is being more elaborated and devices and databases are proposed thereby to meet the need of an Internet of Things scenario. IoT is being considered to be an integral part of smart house where devices will be connected to each other and also react upon certain environmental input. This will eventually include the home refrigerator, air conditioner, lights, heater and such other home appliances. Therefore, we focus our research on the database part for such an IoT’ fridge which we called as smart Fridge. We describe the potentials achievable through a database for an IoT refrigerator to manage the refrigerator food and also aid the creation of a monthly budget of the house for a family. The paper aims at the data management issue based on a proposed design for an intelligent refrigerator leveraging the sensor technology and the wireless communication technology. The refrigerator which identifies products by reading the barcodes or RFID tags is proposed to order the required products by connecting to the Internet. Thus the goal of this paper is to minimize human interaction to maintain the daily life events.
DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF DOUBLE WISHBONE SUSPENSION SYSTEM USING FINITE ELEMENT...ijsrd.com
Double wishbone designs allow the engineer to carefully control the motion of the wheel throughout suspension travel. 3-D model of the Lower Wishbone Arm is prepared by using CAD software for modal and stress analysis. The forces and moments are used as the boundary conditions for finite element model of the wishbone arm. By using these boundary conditions static analysis is carried out. Then making the load as a function of time; quasi-static analysis of the wishbone arm is carried out. A finite element based optimization is used to optimize the design of lower wishbone arm. Topology optimization and material optimization techniques are used to optimize lower wishbone arm design.
A Review: Microwave Energy for materials processingijsrd.com
Microwave energy is a latest largest growing technique for material processing. This paper presents a review of microwave technologies used for material processing and its use for industrial applications. Advantages in using microwave energy for processing material include rapid heating, high heating efficiency, heating uniformity and clean energy. The microwave heating has various characteristics and due to which it has been become popular for heating low temperature applications to high temperature applications. In recent years this novel technique has been successfully utilized for the processing of metallic materials. Many researchers have reported microwave energy for sintering, joining and cladding of metallic materials. The aim of this paper is to show the use of microwave energy not only for non-metallic materials but also the metallic materials. The ability to process metals with microwave could assist in the manufacturing of high performance metal parts desired in many industries, for example in automotive and aeronautical industries.
Web Usage Mining: A Survey on User's Navigation Pattern from Web Logsijsrd.com
With an expontial growth of World Wide Web, there are so many information overloaded and it became hard to find out data according to need. Web usage mining is a part of web mining, which deal with automatic discovery of user navigation pattern from web log. This paper presents an overview of web mining and also provide navigation pattern from classification and clustering algorithm for web usage mining. Web usage mining contain three important task namely data preprocessing, pattern discovery and pattern analysis based on discovered pattern. And also contain the comparative study of web mining techniques.
APPLICATION OF STATCOM to IMPROVED DYNAMIC PERFORMANCE OF POWER SYSTEMijsrd.com
Application of FACTS controller called Static Synchronous Compensator STATCOM to improve the performance of power grid with Wind Farms is investigated .The essential feature of the STATCOM is that it has the ability to absorb or inject fastly the reactive power with power grid . Therefore the voltage regulation of the power grid with STATCOM FACTS device is achieved. Moreover restoring the stability of the power system having wind farm after occurring severe disturbance such as faults or wind farm mechanical power variation is obtained with STATCOM controller . The dynamic model of the power system having wind farm controlled by proposed STATCOM is developed . To validate the powerful of the STATCOM FACTS controller, the studied power system is simulated and subjected to different severe disturbances. The results prove the effectiveness of the proposed STATCOM controller in terms of fast damping the power system oscillations and restoring the power system stability.
Making model of dual axis solar tracking with Maximum Power Point Trackingijsrd.com
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STUDIES OF PHYSICO-CHEMICAL STATUS OF THE SIRPUR TALAB AT INDORE, INDIA
1. IJSRD - International Journal for Scientific Research & Development| Vol. 2, Issue 09, 2014 | ISSN (online): 2321-0613
All rights reserved by www.ijsrd.com 82
Studies of Physico-Chemical Status of the Sirpur Talab at Indore, India
S. Sohani1
S. Iqbal2
A. Bafna3
1,2
Department of Botany 3
Department of Biochemistry
1,2,3
Holkar Science College, Indore
Abstract— In India, most of the population is dependent on
surface water as the only source of drinking water supply.
Water sources available for drinking and other domestic
purpose must possess high degree of purity, free from
chemical contamination and micro-organism. The fresh
water pollution has long been discussed by life scientists.
Sirpur Talab, a small Lake located in the outskirts (Dhar
Road) of about 6-8 kms away from the city of Indore, India.
The Present study was attempted to investigate the Physico-
chemical variability of Sirpur talab such as Water
Temperature, Transparency, Turbidity, Total Dissolved
Solids, pH, Dissolved Oxygen, Total Hardness, Chlorides,
Alkalinity, and Sulphate. In the present study water samples
were collected in the period and various physico-chemical
analyses were performed based on standard methods. The
work is carried on the seasonal basis in order to determine
the effect of the climatic factors on the water quality; three
samples were collected in every season between Januarys to
December for two different stations of the pond. By
observing the result it can be concluded that the parameters
which showed the DO (6.9-12.8mg/l), total hardness (53-
98mg/L), calcium (28-44 mg/L), magnesium (20-320 mg/L)
etc. The results revealed that most of the water samples were
out of limited; according to the WHO standards. This work
is intended to determine the overall water quality of the
Sirpur talab.
Key words: Transparency, Alkalinity Hardness, seasonal
variation, Dissolved Oxygen (D.O)
I. INTRODUCTION
Fresh water is one of the most important natural resources
crucial for the survival of all living beings. It is even more
important for human beings as they depend on it for food
production, industrial and waste disposal, as well as cultural
requirements [1].
Lakes and ponds are important fresh water habitats
throughout many regions of the world; although the amount
of water in them constitutes only a minute fraction of the
total freshwater resource on earth [5]
.
India with declining freshwater resources has an
acute shortage of potable water of acceptable quality. The
socio-economic growth of a region is severely constrained
by non-availability of safe drinking water; keeping this in
view, Government of India had constituted a Water
Technology Mission for drinking water in 1987. The task of
planning and management of water resources can be very
effectively carried out on a basin wise structure for all infra,
intra and interstate as well as international rivers using
scientific techniques.
Analysis of water availability and human use
suggest that human withdrawal of the total available
freshwater resource presently amongst to approximately
50%. The expected population increase coupled with
economic development and changing life styles over the
next 25 year will substantially increase the demand for fresh
water resources like lakes and ponds the availability of
freshwater for human consumption will be one of the great
issues for human kind in the present century [6]. In spite of
the great importance to humans, to access the freshwater of
high quality, freshwater systems have been misused for
many years. Small lakes and ponds have been drained or
filled into extend arable land, regulated to reduce water level
fluctuations, used as dumps for an array of anthropogenic
wastes ranging from untreated sewage to synthetic
substances and many natural populations of commercially
important freshwater species have been over exploited [8,4].
The problem of water pollution is now posing a
serious problem in India. In many part of India, inland
freshwater bodies are the main sources of drinking water for
the rural and urban population. Deterioration of these water
sources due to contamination with pathogens, parasites,
pollutants creates many health problems to the persons
consuming this water.
The groundwater is believed to be comparatively
much clean and free from pollution than surface water. But
prolonged discharge of industrial effluents, domestic sewage
and solid waste dump causes the groundwater to become
polluted and created health problems [9]. The rapid growth
of urban areas has further affected groundwater quality due
to overexploitation of resources and improper waste disposal
practices. Hence, there is always a need for and concern
over the protection and management of surface water and
groundwater quality [14]. Heavy metals are priority toxic
pollutants that severely limit the beneficial use of water for
domestic and industrial application [15]. The lakes have
complex and fragile ecosystem, as they do not have self-
cleaning ability and therefore readily accumulate pollutants
[17]. The physicochemical parameters and trace metal
contents of water samples from Delhi were assessed [18].
In India, man-made ponds have been used as an alternate
source of drinking water and employed for washing of
clothes and bathing purposes by washer men and local
people [11]. Rapid growth of urban areas directly or
indirectly affected existence of the ponds such as over
exploitation of resources and improper waste disposal
practice [10]. The physico-chemical parameters have
important significance in determining the trophic status of
aquatic habitats [16].
Physicochemical factors are very important in
estimating the constituents of water and concentration of
pollutants or contaminant. The chemical and biological
factors are interrelated and interdependent. The physical
factors include water movement, light, temperature,
turbidity and suspended solids. The chemical factors include
pH, carbonates, bicarbonates, oxygen, carbon-dioxide
cations and anions and dissolved organic materials. The
main object of the physico- chemical analysis of water is to
determine the status of different chemical constituents,
which are present in the natural and disturbed aquatic
ecosystem. The quality of water may be affected in various
ways due to pollution. The pollution manifests itself either
by altering the existing elements in the water or by
generating new substances (e.g. Ammonia nitrates).
2. Studies of Physico-Chemical Status of the Sirpur Talab at Indore, India
(IJSRD/Vol. 2/Issue 09/2014/018)
All rights reserved by www.ijsrd.com 83
The present investigation aims towards analysis of
the water quality of the Sirpur talab, with special reference
to Dissolved oxygen, Total Hardness, Magnesium Hardness,
Sulphate and Chlorides.
II. MATERIALS AND METHODS
In one years of study period 2010-11, the Water Samples
from Sirpur talab were collected from two different Sites at
fixed date and time. The Water samples were immediately
brought in to Laboratory for the Estimation of various
Physico-chemical Parameters.
A. Preparation of water samples
The sample were collected from all the stations at 09.00 am
to 11.00AM in both the seasons for physico-chemical
examinations, different methods of collection and handling
were adopted based the standard procedures [12]. The
samples were collected in plastic canes of five liters capacity
without any air bubbles. The instruments were used of
accuracy. The temperatures of the samples were measured in
the field itself at the time of sample collection.
B. Physico-chemical analysis
Analysis was carried out for various water quality
parameters such as Water Temperature, Transparency and
pH were recorded at the time of Sample Collection, by using
Thermometer and Pocket Digital pH Meter. Dissolved
Oxygen (DO) and alkanity was recorded by using portable
water analysis kit. The estimation of total hardness, calcium
factors are interrelated and interdependent. The calcium
hardness, magnesium hardness, sulphates and chlorides
were analyzed in the laboratory after immediately collecting
samples. These parameters were measured in using Standard
Method as prescribed by APHA (1992, 1998) [2, 3].
III. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The physico-chemical parameters of the above mention sites
in Sirpur talab can be calculated and it is describe as bellow.
The detailed observations for the Monthly fluctuation of
station I and II in all the physico- chemical parameters are
recorded in Table and figure I and II.
A. Dissolved oxygen (DO) in mg/l
Dissolved oxygen in natural and waste water depends on the
physical, chemical and biological activities in the water
body. The annual range of dissolved oxygen varied at
station-I and station-II as from 9.7mg/l to 14 mg/l. The
season wise analysis showed that Dissolved Oxygen
maximum was recorded in the month of July and the
minimum in the month of May.
B. Total hardness (TH) in mg/l
Hardness (mg/l) of water is mainly due to the presence of
calcium and magnesium ion, and is an important indicator of
toxic effect of poisonous elements .The total hardness at the
two sampling stations during 2009-10. Total hardness
varied from 47 mg/l to 98 mg/l. lowest total hardness was
recorded in the month of April. Highest was recorded in the
month of June.
C. Calcium (Ca2+
) in mg/l
Calcium is an important micronutrient in an aquatic
environment Hardness of the pond water is of considerable
significance in connection with the discharge of the sewage
and industrial effluent containing pollution, as indicated by
variations in the concentration of the hardness of the water
[7].
During the present study, the annual range of calcium was
28 mg/l to 44 mg/l respectively. The range was 28 mg/l to
44 mg/l, which is lowest in month of March. And highest
value was observed in month of October.
D. Magnesium (Mg2+) in mg/l
Magnesium as co factor for various enzymatic
transformations within the cell especially in the trans-
phosphorylation in algal, fungal and bacterial cell [9].
During
the present study, the annual range of Magnesium was 00.68
mg/l to 02.73 mg/l. In the present investigation it was found
that maximum in winter season in the month of March and
minimum in month of March.
E. Sulphate (SO4
2-
) in mg/l
Sulphate is widely distributed in nature and may be present
in natural waters. The main source of sulphur is the rocks
present near the water bodies and biochemical action of
anaerobic bacteria. During present study, the annual range
of Sulphates in the water samples at 0.028 mg/l 4 to 0.032
mg/l. which is lowest in month of November and highest in
month of March.
F. Chloride (Cl -
) in mg/l
Main sources of chloride in river waters are sediments,
sewage and trade and industrial effluents, if present. Sewage
bring with urine, which is rich in high in concentration.
During present study, the annual range of Chloride ranged
between 60.5 mg/l to 79.71 mg/l. In the present
investigation 60.5mg/L lowest in month of November, and
maximum 79.71 mg/L in the month of March. The chloride
concentration serves as an indicator of pollution by sewage.
People accustomed to higher chloride in water are subjected
to laxative effects [16]
.
Fig. 1:- Physico chemical Parameters of Sirpur Talab
(station I)
3. Studies of Physico-Chemical Status of the Sirpur Talab at Indore, India
(IJSRD/Vol. 2/Issue 09/2014/018)
All rights reserved by www.ijsrd.com 84
Fig. 2:- Physico Chemical Parameters of Sirpur Talab
(station-II)
Table 1:-Physico Chemical Parameters of Sirpur Talab
(Station I)
Table 2:- Physico chemical Parameters of Sirpur Talab
(station II)
IV. CONCLUSION
This study provides an informative data and helps to
understand the contamination of water and the influences
the ecology of Pond. The quality of water is deteriorating
day by day due to inflow of domestic sewage, municipal
waste, agricultural runoff and effluents of organic waste of
animal and human origin into the lake. However, analyzing
pathogenic microorganisms alone limits the understanding
of the poor water physico-chemistry impacts to humans
only, thus excluding the role of microorganisms in assessing
the ecological health status of freshwater ecosystems. The
aim is to understand microbial responses to water physic-
chemical changes along the catchment. At the end of the
study, it is envisage that new knowledge of possible
correlations of water physic chemistry with and microbial
abundance and activity were obtained and relevant
recommendations towards the potential development of a
microbial index to assess freshwater ecosystems will be
made. In the present study it was found that physic-
chemical characteristics of a few of the pond water samples
crossed the maximum permissible limit, it was noticed that
the physic-chemical parameters indicates balance of the
Sirpur talab was disturbed. The study concluded that there is
an urgent need of regular monitoring of water quality to
govern the status and diverting the city sewage away from
the lake to preserve the flora and fauna of this ecosystem.
V. RECOMMENDATION
There is a need of awareness among the local people to
maintain the talab at least their optimum quality and purity
levels. The onset of monsoon helps in diluting the pollutants
but awareness and proper management practices such as
planting trees around ponds, regularly recharging during
summer period, removal of sediments from the bottom of
talab, removal of floating debris from the pond surface,
diversion of sewage discharge to proper disposal site and
proper enforcement of law and policy might be very
successful.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
Author gratefully acknowledges Dr. R.K Tugnawat,
Principal of Holkar Science College Indore (M.P), for
providing the laboratory facility to conduct this work. We
are also thankful to management for their support.
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4. Studies of Physico-Chemical Status of the Sirpur Talab at Indore, India
(IJSRD/Vol. 2/Issue 09/2014/018)
All rights reserved by www.ijsrd.com 85
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