This document discusses stem cells, which are unspecialized cells that can divide and differentiate into specialized cell types. It defines stem cells as cells that can continuously divide and differentiate into various tissues. The key characteristics of stem cells are that they are unspecialized, can proliferate and renew themselves for long periods, and have the potential to become specialized cells. There are two main types of stem cells: embryonic stem cells, which are pluripotent and can become any cell type, and tissue stem cells, which are multipotent and can only become certain specialized cell types. The document provides examples of where different stem cells are found and their potential applications in treating diseases.

1. Welcome to all
presented by
Mohamed shabeeb.E

3. Stem Cell – Definition
• A cell that has the ability to
continuously divide and
differentiate (develop) into various
other kind(s) of cells/tissues
10/29/2015
Dr. Hariom Yadav

4. Stem Cell Characteristics
 ‘Blank cells’ (unspecialized)
 Capable of dividing and renewing
themselves for long periods of time
(proliferation and renewal)
 Have the potential to give rise to
specialized cell types
(differentiation)
10/29/2015
Dr. Hariom Yadav

5. 10/29/2015
Dr. Hariom Yadav

6. stem cell
What is a stem cell?
stem cell
SELF-RENEWAL
(copying)
specialized cell
e.g. muscle cell, nerve cell
DIFFERENTIATION
(specializing)

7. What is a stem cell?
Identical stem cells
Stem cell
SELF-RENEWAL
(copying)
Stem cell
Specialized cells
DIFFERENTIATION
(specializing)

8. Where are stem cells found?
embryonic stem cells
blastocyst - a very early
embryo
tissue stem cells
fetus, baby and throughout life

9. Types of stem cell:
1) Embryonic stem cells

10. Embryonic stem (ES) cells:
Where we find them
blastocyst
outer layer of cells
= ‘trophectoderm’
cells inside
= ‘inner cell mass’
embryonic stem cells taken from
the inner cell mass
culture in the lab
to grow more cells
fluid with nutrients

11. Embryonic stem (ES) cells:
What they can do
embryonic stem cells
PLURIPOTENT
all possible types of specialized cells
differentiation

12. Types of stem cell:
2) Tissue stem cells

13. Tissue stem cells:
Where we find them
muscles
skin
surface of the eye brain
breast
intestines (gut)
bone marrow
testicles

14. Tissue stem cells:
What they can do
MULTIPOTENT
blood stem cell
found in
bone marrow
differentiation
only specialized types of blood cell:
red blood cells, white blood cells,
platelets

16. Applications
10/29/2015
Dr. Hariom Yadav
 Disease
• Diabetes, Spinal
cord injury,
Parkinson’s
disease, heart
disease
 Genetic based
Disease

19. 10/29/2015
Dr. Hariom Yadav

20. 10/29/2015
Dr. Hariom Yadav

21. 10/29/2015
Dr. Hariom Yadav