This presentation has been created to help those students who has recently chosen sociology their field. it will provide sound knowledge to the beginners about how sociology differs from science and knowledge about quantitative and qualitative sociology, Positivism VS Verstehen, Posivitism, Verstehen, Quantitative Sociology, Qualitative Sociology
Auguste Comte was best known for the concept positivism. he was a French philosopher and the prominent founder father of sociology. here is some his some his major theories given below with short explanations
Husserl's phenomenology a short introduction for psychologistsMarc Applebaum, PhD
This is the presentation I used to set the philosophical context for students in my graduate seminar in descriptive phenomenological psychological research--it is an outline of some central Husserlian concepts, and assumes no prior acquaintance with Husserl's work. Naturally, I supplemented the slides with many experiential examples!
Auguste Comte was best known for the concept positivism. he was a French philosopher and the prominent founder father of sociology. here is some his some his major theories given below with short explanations
Husserl's phenomenology a short introduction for psychologistsMarc Applebaum, PhD
This is the presentation I used to set the philosophical context for students in my graduate seminar in descriptive phenomenological psychological research--it is an outline of some central Husserlian concepts, and assumes no prior acquaintance with Husserl's work. Naturally, I supplemented the slides with many experiential examples!
Trends expert and keynote speaker Daniel Levine explains the difference between a trend and a fad, and how that helps drive the profits of modern businesses.
Personality development is actually the development from the organized pattern of attitudes and behaviors which makes an individual distinctive. A quick definition could be, personality is composed of the characteristic designs of feelings, behaviors and thoughts which make a person special.
THE SELF CRITICISM OF SCIENCE - ALEXIS KARPOUZOSalexis karpouzos
The neoteric human being is now being cut off from the order of nature and establishes itself as the rationally re- flecting and acting subject which is now posited against the object of its cognitive and practical activity. Civiliza- tion is constituted as the product of human activity, as an artifact and technical construct. iWth this development, human civilization is transformed to a ‘quasi nature’, aim- ing to correct and replace nature, and man assumes the nature of a technical existence. By ‘technical existence’ we mean the prevalence of a one-dimensional image of the human person as the producer of rational hypotheses and interpretations and the downgrading and degrada- tion of the non-rational element of human existence, i.e. the radical imagination as a creative capacity, which forms the a priori condition and prerequisite for social activity. This constitutive element of the modern world (man, as the producer of rational hypotheses) and its ar- ticulation with the ideology of techno-scientific progress and the evolution of the machine that transforms the methods and theories of natural sciences, arming these with new tools and constantly renovating their research and experimental capabilities, finally led to the replace- ment of religious and metaphysical dogmas by the blind faith to the dogma of technical and scientific progress.
Scientism, or the unity of scientific method. The positivist
methodology does not see any difference between the
natural and the social sciences. The adoption however, of
the unity of the scientific method is accepted in tandem
with the notion of the predominant role of the natural
sciences, in which the social sciences see their model.
The outcome is what we call scientism, that is the view
that only the natural sciences can produce the semantic
interpretation of knowledge.
The contemporary philosophy of science (epistemology) featuring K.Popper, T.Kuhn, I.Lakatos, P.Feyerabend, Hanson among others, has exercised a decisive critique to the dominant views of the positivist and neo-positivist model of knowledge and has in fact undermined its credibility.
The contemporary philosophy of science & the problem of the scientific consciousness.
...The understanding of scientific knowledge requires reflective thinking. The reflective thinking could restore the communication between subject and object, between social sciences and natural sciences. Only then, communication between facts and values can achieved. In other words, communication between reason and myth, science and art, knowledge and wisdom, empirical research and the existential question for the meaning of life.
...the problem of scientific consciousness (liability) requires the transformation of the structures of the same knowledge. The sovereignty of uncontrolled scientism-positivism leads to brutalization and the reaction to it, leads to metaphysical obscurantism and madness. The researcher should be aware of the complex and reciprocal relationships between the scientific, technical, social and political worlds...
1 Assessment 4 Context Five Qualitative Methodologies .docxoswald1horne84988
1
Assessment 4 Context
Five Qualitative Methodologies
Ethnography
Ethnography is a descriptive research approach designed for in-depth investigation and
description of cultures, cultural groups, large organizations and groupings, and their features.
Ethnographers immerse themselves in the culture or organization they are studying, becoming a
part of the culture in order to learn about it from the inside out. Consequently, this approach
often requires longer timeframes for data collection, and ethnographers frequently return a
number of times to the sites of their investigations to obtain more data. As a result, many
doctoral learners avoid ethnographic studies because of the typically long time commitments.
However, ethnography can be a fruitful approach, even in shorter periods, for understanding the
customs, culture, belief systems, and implicit “rules” of organizations and large groups.
Ethnography is based on the anthropological tradition of research. Keep in mind that the culture
being studied could be a corporate culture, such as that of Microsoft or a small start-up
company; or the culture of a particular group of people operating in a specific social
environment, such as that of a third-grade classroom among the students, teachers, teacher’s
aides, and so on. An important aspect of this research approach is that the participants (culture)
are studied in their natural habitat and social contexts. Individuals are not the unit of analysis for
ethnography, although they may be sources of valuable data. Thus, qualitative research
questions in social psychology and group psychology often are well-answered by ethnographic
research.
Case Study
A case study is the in-depth study—using multiple methods and data sources—of a single case.
Sometimes a number of cases are studied and reported together. The “case” in a case study is
the object of study. A case study is an exploration of a “bounded system” over time. The phrase
“bounded system” means that the target to be studied is easily distinguished for other instances
of the same phenomenon; it has a clear boundary differentiating it from all others. Think of a
case of measles (that is, one patient who has the measles), or a case of homicide (a single
incident of murder, including the victim, the murderer, the police, the attorneys—anyone and
anything relevant to the particular murder event). In those cases, the boundary is clear and it
encircles all the information about the patient and his or her disease or the victim and the
circumstances of the murder.
One could study a single case (in which a single instance is investigated in depth) or multiple
cases (in which a number of instances of the target are studied and then compared with one
another). For example, a single case study might investigate a single treatment program (the
bounded system being that program and no other) or a new way of teaching reading in a school
system (the bounded system being.
A quest for depth and breadth of insight through combination of positivism an...Awais e Siraj
Dr. Awais e Siraj Managing Director Genzee Solutions, A Strategy, Balanced Scorecard, Scenario Planning, Competency Based Human Resource Management Consulting Company
A Lecture on Religion As a Group Phenomenon was delivered to students of Sociology in the class of Sociology of Religion supervised by Mr.Inam-ul-Haq Lecturer Sociology at UMT by M.USAMA MANSOOR
This presentation was presented to Dr.Vaqas Ali Assistant Professor of Sociology at UMT, Lahore by a Student in the class of Sociology of Social Movements.
This presentation was presented to Miss. Tayyaba Sohail Lecturer Sociology at UMT, Lahore in the class of Sociology of Human Rights during FALL 2014 Semester.
This Lecture is created to help the beginner understand how to review literature? Especially those carrying final year thesis at Bechlors and Masters Level in any university
This Lecture has been Prepared for the students of Sociology to help them diffrentiate how Tradition vs. Science. And what was the role of Isaac Newton, Emile Durkheim and James,etc.
This Lecture will help beginners to understand the basic difference between Sociology and Common Sense. I will not only help the beginners but also the professionals in the field of sociology to understand how a sociologist explore a problem and design the theory and accept and reject it.
This Slide will not explore only the defination of Sociology. But will also elaborate how Sociology differs from other social science such as, Psychology, Political Science and Economics. It will also enlighten how social sciences has emerged?
This is second Lecture in which Students will be introduced why to imagine sociologically and what C.Wright Mills has described about Sociological Imagination along with this contribution of the earlier sociologists in this regard will also be discussed
In this lecture students will be introduced to Sociology, Types of Sociology, Micro Sociology, Macro Sociology, Traditional focus of Sociology, Approaches in Sociology
This Presentation was given by the student of BS Sociology UMT, Lahore to Mr.Wasif Ali Waseer Lecturer Sociology at UMT, Lahore in the class of Rural Sociology
This presentation was presented to Dr.Raza Ullah Khan lecturer Sociology University of the Punjab in the Class of Introduction of Sociology by the students of Social Sciences UMT,Lahore in the semester of 2011
This presentation was given to Mr. Wasif Ali Waseer lecturer Sociology at UMT,Lahore by the students of Sociology in the class of Environmental Sociology.Topic presented was Emile Durkheim As Environmental Sociologist
Case incident 2 era of the disposable workerM Usama Sehgal
This presentation Case Incident 2 Era of Disposable Worker was presented by a student of UMT,Lahore to Prof.Dr.Iftikhar Ahmad. It provide a brief description of the case. It also provides fruitful Answers of the Questions raised in the Case
This Presentation was presented to Mr.Wasif Ali Waseer Lecturer Sociology UMT,Lahore. Which describe the power, politics and health care system of Australia and Pakistan. It also provides few suggestions that can healp in improving health care system of Pakistan
This Presentation was given to Mr.Wasif Ali Waseer lecturer of Sociology at UMT,Lahore. In the class of Medical Sociology.The presentation covers the history about how Indigenous Health system emerged in the Pakistan. and what types of Indiginous treatments and treaters are available and followed by the people of Pakistan. And How they become victim of them
This PR Campaign was prepared by the students of University of Management and Technology Lahore as an assignment given by Amna Waheeda Ex Researcher Geo News. The assignment helped the students to learn how PR Campaigns are designed for different products, political parties, NGO Projects,etc.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
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Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
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Bills have a main role in point of sale procedure. It will help to track sales, handling payments and giving receipts to customers. Bill splitting also has an important role in POS. For example, If some friends come together for dinner and if they want to divide the bill then it is possible by POS bill splitting. This slide will show how to split bills in odoo 17 POS.
3. Sociology and Science
Positivism VS Verstehen
Positivism
Verstehen
Qualitative VS Quantitative Sociology
Qualitative Sociology
Quantitative Sociology
4. Early sociological studies were thought to be
similar to
the natural sciences
due to their use of
empiricism and the scientific method.
5. Early sociological studies considered the field
of sociology to be
similar to the
natural sciences,
like
physics or biology.
6. As a result,
many researchers argued that the
methodology used in the natural
sciences was perfectly suited for use in the
social sciences.
7. The effect of employing the scientific
method and stressing empiricism was
distinction of sociology from
theology
Philosophy
and
metaphysics.
8. This early sociological approach, supported
by August Comte, led to
Positivism an idea that
data derived from sensory experience and
that logical and
mathematical treatments of such data are
together
the exclusive source of all authentic
knowledge.
9. The goal of positivism, like the natural
sciences,
is prediction.
natural sciences, is prediction.
But in the case of sociology,
positivism's is prediction is human behavior,
which is a complicated proposition.
10. Max Weber and Wilhelm Dilthey introduced
the
concept of verstehen.
The goal of verstehen is less to predict
behavior than it is to understand behavior.
Weber said that he was after meaningful
social action not simply statistical or
mathematical knowledge about society.
11. Arriving at a verstehen-like understanding of
society thus involves not only quantitative
approaches,
but more
interpretive
qualitative approaches.
12. The inability of sociology and other social
sciences to perfectly
predict the behavior of humans or to fully
comprehend a different
culture has led to the social sciences being
labeled "soft sciences."
13. While some might consider this label
derogatory, in a sense it can
be seen as an admission of the remarkable
complexity of humans as
social animals.
14. Any animal as complex as humans is bound
to be
difficult to fully comprehend.
Humans, human society, and human
culture are all constantly changing, which
means the social sciences
will constantly be works in progress.
15. The contrast between positivist sociology and
the verstehen
approach has been reformulated in modern
sociology as a
distinction between quantitative and
qualitative methodological
approaches, respectively.
16. Quantitative sociology is generally a
numerical approach to understanding human
behavior.
Surveys with large numbers of participants
are aggregated into
data sets and
analyzed using statistics,
allowing researchers to discern patterns in
human behavior.
17. Qualitative sociology generally opts for depth
over breadth.
The qualitative approach uses
in-depth interviews
focus groups
or the analysis of content sources (books,
magazines journals, TV shows, etc.) as data
sources.
18. These sources are then
analyzed systematically to discern patterns
and
to arrive at a better understanding of human
behavior.
