SoC (System on a Chip) is an integrated circuit that combines the core components of a computer or other electronic system into a single chip. It typically includes a processor, memory, and other input/output peripherals. The document discusses the key components of a typical SoC, including the processor (which processes data from RAM), RAM, ROM, GPU (for graphics processing), and ISP (for image signal processing tasks like autofocus and noise reduction). Processors are defined by their ARM architecture, manufacturing technology size, number of cores, and clock speed. SoCs aim to consume less power and require less space than traditional motherboards.

1. SoC (System on a Chip)
By Parth Kavi

2. Introduction to SoC (System on a chip)
• Cousins of motherboard
• Consume less power and requires less space
Motherboard SoC (System on a Chip)

3. SoC (System on a Chip) consist of…..
• SoC mainly consist of
-The Brain Of a Smartphone – PROCESSOR
-RAM
-ROM (Memory)
-GPU (Graphics Processing Unit)
-ISP (Image Signal Processor)
-SOFTWARE that runs the phone

4. A Typical SoC

5. 1. PROCESSOR
• PROCESSOR is a device which obtain data from RAM, process it and
sand it back to RAM to complete required task.
• Most popular companies making processors are :

6. PROCESSORS are defined by…..
• PROCESSORS are defined by 4 parameters :
1. ARM architecture
2. TECHNOLOGY used (size of transistor)
3. Number of CORES
4. FREQUANCY (clock speed)

7. Construction and Working
ARM Architecture
(Cortex A-5, A-7, A-8, A-9, A-15, A-17, A-32, A-35, A-53, A-57, A-72, A-73)
Num. Of FLOORS
=
Num. of CORES
(up to 10)
THICKNESS of wall = TECHNOLOGY used
Transistor (up to 10nm)
DOOR open/close = Clock Speed (GHz)

8. 2. RAM, ROM and CACHE
• 3 types of memory
1.CACHE
(in the processor)
2.RAM
(Random Access Memory)
3.ROM
(Read Only Memory)
CACHE
RAM
ROM

9. 3. GPU (Graphics Processing Unit)
• GPU is same as CPU (processor) but it deals with all the graphics on
your smartphone like animations, 3d games, heavy software etc.
• Biggest GPU makers in smartphone markets :

10. 4. ISP (Image Signal Processor)
• While processing videos and photos could be done with the CPU or
the GPU, dedicated hardware will get the job done with less power
than either of those. That is why video encoding/decoding and photo
processing often have their own hardware which is called ISP (Image
signal processor) .
• Tasks :
-3A (AutoFocus, AutoExposure, AutoWhitebalance)
-Correcting lens imperfection
-Noise Reduction, Filtering, HDR, Cleaning up, JPEG
• Most useful for new technology of Dual Camera

11. Apple SoC illustrated

12. But There is no
THE END
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