The newly released book Sustainable Urban Environments - An Ecosystem Approach ‘helps the reader grasp opportunities for integration of knowledge and technologies in the design, construction and management of the built environment.’ In the first edition of the Delft Environment Initiative Lecture Series on 21-09-2011 several contributors to Sustainable Urban Environments discussed their views on the most pressing challenges facing us in the urban environment today and how they should be integrated in education. These are the slides accompanying the ‘elevator pitches’ they gave. http://home.tudelft.nl/en/research/environment/mini-symposium-sustainable-urban-environments/

1. September 21, 2011 1 Lokatie/evenement Naam auteur Vermelding onderdeel organisatie

2. September 21, 2011 2 Cities as ecosystems Source: Girardet, 1990

3. Optimizing flows in a building September 21, 2011 3 Source: Wortmann and Kruseman, 2005

4. Optimizing urban form September 21, 2011 4 Source: Marc Ottele Source: Heat Island Group

5. Relationships between sub-systems: look for synergies September 21, 2011 5 Source: Tjallingii, 1996

6. Peopleare part of urban systems September 21, 2011 6 Source: Machiel van Dorst Source: WBCSD, 2007

7. Conclusions / outlook September 21, 2011 7 Source: Arjan van Timmeren

8. Chapter 2(Eco)system thinking: ecologicalprinciplesfor buildings, roads, industrialandurbanareas Hein van Bohemen Former lecturer Ecological Engineering At present: EcoEngineeringConsultancy

9. Passion for Ecoengineering Integration of civil and ecological engineering (example roads in the landscape, green roofs and green façades) Based on EcoSystemThinking (inspiration: H.T.Odum, William Mitsch and John Todd) Realization of Value for humans as well as for nature

10. EcoSystemThinking Representation of a simple system Humanity is based on ecosystem goods and ecosystem services

11. Different levels of scale A road on different levels of scale Representation of flows of materials on different levels of scale

12. Example of Integration: solar panels on a green roof

13. Challenge: Realizationof full integration of as many aspects (env., ecol., econ. ,social, cultural) as possible on all levels of scalesbased on symbioticrelationshipbetween humans andtheirnatural environment

14. Chapter 3Urban ecology, scale and identity Prof.dr.ir. Taeke M. De Jong motivation: ‘Architecture is a kind of ecology, design is differentiation’

15. Differentiation is a risk cover for life The number of plant species per km2 in Zoetermeer is related to its physical diversity The more physicaldiversity, the more species willfind a fitting place

16. Judging ecological quality

17. Quality(diversity) and a scale paradox Scale-paradox

18. Identity is difference with the rest and continuity in itself What is the difference with other regions? (30km radius) What is the difference with other conurbations? (10km) What is the difference with other townships? (3km) What is the difference with other districts? (1km) What is the difference with other neighbourhoods? (300m) What is the difference with other ensembles? (100m) Anyone looking for a location will ask such questions, Designers have to answer them.

19. Built environment Chapter 6 Sustainable Urban Metabolism_ Towards use of resources design strategies and constructive solutions Loriane M. Icibaci PhD research Roughly 75% of waste is land filled Average within the European Union 25% of the waste is recycled (however, Denmark, the Netherlands and Belgium already achieved recycling rates of more than 80%). Building industry is one of the largest consumers of natural resources_average40% (Kibert 2002). Most of the considered dangerous waste is not always separated from other forms of waste and thus contaminate land fills or recycled inert wastes (European Commission 2000). Nearly three tons used annually for each person on the planet. (WBCSD 2002) Cement industry contributes to about 5% to global anthropogenic CO2emissions_____50% is from the chemical process_______40% from burning fuel ______10% electricity and transport (WBCSD 2002; (Worrell et al. 2001). Cement manufacturing requires mainly mineral extraction from quarries (besides water and energy for its production).

20. Dutch building LCA Sustainable Urban Metabolism_ Towards use of resources design strategies and constructive solutions Loriane M. Icibaci PhD research Level of building decree (EBI 200) High Tech building (EBI 500) Energy Neutral building (EBI 1000) A building considered to be sustainable according to Dutch regulations in 2010 [equivalent to an Environmental Building Index (EBI). A building in which high-tech methods have been used to radically reduce energy consumption (equivalent to an EBI of 500). An energy-neutral building (equivalent to an EBI of 1,000) which has no environmental impact in terms of energy. Haas 2009

21. Urban Metabolism_ studies illuminate basic trends in human energy and material fluxes. Sustainable Urban Metabolism_ Towards use of resources design strategies and constructive solutions Loriane M. Icibaci PhD research Decker et al. (2000) More self reliant By mapping flows of materials it is possible to propose closed loop solutions leading to less input/ and less output leading to more efficient and therefore a more self sufficient urban structure. Integrated solutions Combining flows of materials with different coefficients and indicators of a city-region requires consideration of the complex interactions between economic, environmental, and social factors. Support for future prognostics Caring capacity estimated through time line; avoiding exhaustion of materials and consequent region decay. Detects consumer, households, industrial and commercial behavior and consequences. Intra and interrelationships among other regions (resource dependency or waste dependency). Pollution prevention (from cars or industrial activities, etc.) Food and water security. Diagnosis As a living organism, it is assumed that by using UMM it is possible to detect pathologic cycles, environmental, and even economic.

22. Understanding available resources Sustainable Urban Metabolism_ Towards use of resources design strategies and constructive solutions Loriane M. Icibaci PhD research Mapping and ACCOUNTING DOCOMOMO Bologna, 1969. Urban conservation Plan. Building typologies. Coal waste 2009 in Solving Global Warming www.switchboard.nrdc.org/blogs/rperks/ where_for_art_thou_coal_ash.html World Resource Institute_ GHG Emissions

23. Designingas baking a cake? Sustainable Urban Metabolism_ Towards use of resources design strategies and constructive solutions Loriane M. Icibaci PhD research Substituting or innovating? 2012 Building façade

24. Dynamic balance Sustainable Urban Metabolism_ Towards use of resources design strategies and constructive solutions Loriane M. Icibaci PhD research

25. Waterflows and Urban PlanningSybrand Tjallingii

26. water flows / systems

27. guiding principles rainwater:from down the drain to first retain groundwater:from pumping to careful use and recharge river waters:from taming the stream to space for the river drinking water:from shortage and wastage to sufficient and efficient waste water:from problem solving to pollution prevention

28. guiding models region urban building

29. NATURE RESI- DENTIAL TRANSPORT PRO-DUCTION synergy GUIDING EXPLOITING carrying structures activities

30. TRANSPORT PRO-DUCTION GUIDING EXPLOITING

31. Chapter 5: Energy in the built environment Laure Itard, Research Institute OTB Delft University of Technology

33. Start EPC regulations Energy use in dwellings Gas consumption per m2 area (2004/2005) Construction year

35. Building design

36. Building physics

37. Heat transfer

38. Ventilation & air movements

39. HVAC systems

40. Sustainable Energy generationPollutants

42. Using large window areas on the North Façade may save a lot of energy?

43. Using a high efficiency condensing boiler is non-sense?Then read Chapter 5: Energy in the built environment

44. Urban transport and sustainability Bert Van Wee – DUT Perspective: transport is fantastic, but comes at high costs. What is ‘good’ policy? Difficult, but very challenging and important question

49. Better air quality

50. Better control of traffic flows

51. More comfort

53. Dependence on fossil fuels

54. Noise

55. Accessibility

57. Highlights Indoor and outdoor air pollutants Chemical pollutants Biological pollutants Other indoor environmental aspects Thermal comfort Noise Lighting

58. Outdoor air quality Shift in attention towards issues Past Acid rain (acidification) Ozone layer depletion Present Euthrophication Particulate matter CO2 emissions (climate change)

59. Indoor air quality Contradiction? Energy saving Good indoor air quality

60. Indoor environment More than indoor air quality Thermal comfort Low noise levels It is not only costs, not only the planet, not only personal comfort Integrated approach ? ? ? ? Energy saving Indoor air quality Indoor air quality

61. Chapter 10 Sustainable Urban Form Sustainable Urban Environments An Ecosystem Approach Jody Milder

62. The world is urbanizing More than half of the world’s populations now lives in cities

63. Urban form types

64. Compact cities

65. People are the key

66. Chapter 11: Environmental strategies & tools for integrated environmental design Laure Itard, Research Institute OTB Delft University of Technology

67. (Eco) system approach

68. Environmental impact when producting 1 MJ heat

69. Environmental impacts electricity production

71. Strategies are needed… but are not enough to built sustainable buildings

72. Up-cycling costs material & energyChapter 11: Environmental strategies & tools for integrated design

73. Chapter 13 Governance ToolsLorraine Murphy MSc Environmental Science Trinity College Dublin, Ireland Is Dublin a City Moving Towards Sustainable Development? PhD Candidate OTB Research Institute for the Built Environment ‘Energy performance’ policy instruments for existing dwellings

74. Chapter Overview Government to governance International –Supranational-National-Local Tools with examples: Tools and ecosystem thinking

75. Some Achievements……….. Covenants/Agreements Economic Tools Communication Regulation

76. Some challenges…….. Compliance & enforcement Monitoring & evaluating

77. Chapter 14 Managing ChangeAnke van Hal & Ellen van Bueren

78. How to get multiple actors to agree on a common direction?

79. Variety of approaches – all needed New forms of collaboration & contracting Involve end-users Identify business opportunities Stimulate, diffuse & learn from innovation

80. Sustainable Urban EnvironmentsAn Ecosystem ApproachChapter 15Conclusions / Integrated Design September 21, 2011 64 Dutch Green Building Week, TU Delft, 22. September 2011 Assist. Prof. Dr.-Ing. Thorsten Schuetze

82. Discussion of future perspectives based on recent research results (integrated design)

83. Ecosystem thinking

84. Urban ecology

85. Water

86. Energy

87. Materials/resources

88. Air quality and human health

89. Liveability

90. Urban transport

91. Governance

92. Managing change Assist. Prof. Dr.-Ing. Thorsten Schuetze

94. Enough know-how & resources for total change

95. Coverage of energy demand with 100% renewable is technically and economically feasible until 2050

96. C02 & Hydrogen can replace oil based production Assist. Prof. Dr.-Ing. Thorsten Schuetze

98. Paradigm shift: support by companies, politics & society

99. Limited non renewable resource stock – requires 3R!

100. Strategic resources require political stability and global cooperation Assist. Prof. Dr.-Ing. Thorsten Schuetze

101. 68 Zero M - Model local closed loop recycling economy Assist. Prof. Dr.-Ing. Thorsten Schuetze

102. September 21, 2011 69 Thank you very much for your attention! [Vincent Callebaut] Assist. Prof. Dr.-Ing. Thorsten Schuetze