The document summarizes trends in urbanization and discusses strategies for more sustainable urban development. It notes that about half the world's population lives in cities, which are growing rapidly especially in developing countries. Issues caused by urban sprawl like air and water pollution, loss of open space, and longer travel times are discussed. The document then presents tools for urban planning like zoning, growth boundaries, and public transit to promote compact development and limit environmental impacts.

1. Sustainable Cities G. Tyler Miller’s Living in the Environment 14th Edition Chapter 25 Shohail Motahir Choudhury

4. Figure 25-4a Page 566

5. 1950 1970 1990 2010 2030 Year 4.5 3.0 1.5 0 Population (billions) Developing Countries Developed Countries Projections

7. Boston Springfield Hartford Providence Newark Allentown Harrisburg New York Philadelphia Baltimore Washington Detroit Cleveland Pittsburgh Toledo Akron Chicago Chipitts (Chicago to Pittsburgh) Bowash (Boston to Washington)

10. Impacts of Urban Sprawl

11. Urban Resource and Environmental Problems Air and water pollution; waste management Reduction in vegetation Importation of food, energy, and materials Noise pollution Climate impacts: urban heat islands Impacts on surrounding rural areas

12. Inputs Outputs Energy Food Water Raw materials Manufactured goods Money Information Solid wastes Waste heat Air pollutants Water pollutants Greenhouse gases Manufactured goods Noise Wealth Ideas

14. Transportation and Urban Development Individual transit Mass transit Buses Trains Automobiles Advantages Disadvantages More flexible than rail system Can be rerouted as needed Cost less to develop and maintain than heavy-rail system Can greatly reduce car use and pollution Can lose money because they need low fares to attract riders Often get caught in traffic unless operating in express lanes Commit riders to transportation schedules Noisy Buses Trade-Offs Advantages Disadvantages

15. Urban Land-Use Planning and Control Land-use planning Property taxes Zoning Smart growth Urban growth boundary Cluster development Greenbelts

17. Major highways Greenbelt Urban center Satellite towns

18. Undeveloped land Marsh Creek

19. Figure 25-18b Page 579 Typical housing development

20. Cluster housing development Cluster Creek Pond Cluster

23. Water Resources, Pollution and its Prevention Next Class Chapter 22