Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine or 5-HT) is a neurotransmitter synthesized from tryptophan that has various roles in both the peripheral and central nervous systems. It acts through multiple receptor subtypes and is involved in processes like mood, appetite, vomiting, and pain perception. Drugs that affect the serotonin system are used to treat conditions such as depression, anxiety, migraine, and nausea.