The document discusses various techniques for structuring sentences effectively in writing, including: emphasizing ideas at the beginning or end of sentences; using a variety of sentence lengths and structures; establishing context before delivering the main message or placing the main idea first; and inverting typical word order to draw attention. It also defines different types of sentences such as simple, compound, complex, and compound-complex sentences.
This is a presentation created for my students on using the cognitive strategy of making connections to improve reading comprehension.
Credits:
Adapted from original by Beth Suderman - bsuderman@elkhart.k12.in.us
Retrieved at http://www.readinglady.com/mosaic/tools/tools.htm
Additional material from: Comprehension Shouldn’t be Silent by Michelle J. Kelley and Nicki Clusen-Grace
This is a presentation created for my students on using the cognitive strategy of making connections to improve reading comprehension.
Credits:
Adapted from original by Beth Suderman - bsuderman@elkhart.k12.in.us
Retrieved at http://www.readinglady.com/mosaic/tools/tools.htm
Additional material from: Comprehension Shouldn’t be Silent by Michelle J. Kelley and Nicki Clusen-Grace
Paraphrasing is a restatement of the meaning of a text using other words (instead of original words) Summarizing means taking the main ideas from a text and rewriting them in your own words in a brief manner.
This presentation introduces point of view in stories. First person and third person are introduced, with review and questions. Suitable for students ages 8-12 or those learning English as a second language.
Find more stories and activities for teaching point of view here:
http://www.teacherspayteachers.com/Product/Exploring-Point-of-View-Stories-and-Activities-1632599
Paraphrasing is a restatement of the meaning of a text using other words (instead of original words) Summarizing means taking the main ideas from a text and rewriting them in your own words in a brief manner.
This presentation introduces point of view in stories. First person and third person are introduced, with review and questions. Suitable for students ages 8-12 or those learning English as a second language.
Find more stories and activities for teaching point of view here:
http://www.teacherspayteachers.com/Product/Exploring-Point-of-View-Stories-and-Activities-1632599
COHESION By Greg Dorchies Cohesion, or coherence, is .docxmonicafrancis71118
COHESION
By Greg Dorchies
Cohesion, or coherence, is the intangible glue that holds paragraphs together. Having
good coherence in a writing project means that your ideas stick together and flow smoothly from
one sentence to the next, so that readers of your work can easily understand where you are taking
them. Without cohesion, a written work can seem choppy and may not flow well; a lack of
coherence challenges the reader and can hurt comprehension, thus rendering your attempt at
communication ineffective at best.
We will look at cohesion within paragraphs, but the basics below, along with
organizational devices like headings, help to link sentences, paragraphs and sections coherently
in longer, complex writing projects.
Here are four main components of cohesion:
relevance
order
linking words
repetition of key words
1. RELEVANCE
A simple way to build cohesion or flow between sentences is to look at the meaning of a
sentence and compare it to the point of the next sentence. They should be related yet not the
same. If the two sentences are not closely related, you will lose the readers‟ attention, because
they will have to guess where you are going. If the two sentences are identical, you are not
adding any new information to your work, and the reader will be annoyed.
Example – Too different: relevance not clear
Antigone‟s motivation is family duty, even if it means death. She must
rebel which will cause an uproar - the consequences don‟t matter to her. This
would also explain why she rejects Ismene‟s support later in the play. They both
have different motivations - Ismene has nothing left to lose and wants to go out
with a glorious bang.
In this paragraph, two sentences are far too separate. The first two sentences talk about
Antigone‟s motivations and how far they will drive her. The focus is then redirected to Ismene,
and the paragraph focus is not clear. It lacks cohesion.
When a sentence relates the Ismene information back to Antigone, we have cohesion:
Antigone‟s motivation is family duty, even if it means death. She wants to
rebel which will cause an uproar - the consequences don‟t matter to her. In
contrast, her sister, Ismene, has completely different motivations for her actions
and wants glory, which explains why Antigone rejects her support later in the play.
Example – Too similar
Aristophanes exaggerates Socrates‟ intelligence in a humorous way.
Aristophanes portrays Socrates‟ intelligence as a tool of humor. He
makes Socrates use his intelligence to make a mockery of people.
Aristophanes makes Socrates appear very brash in the use of his
intelligence.
The author conveys only two points with these four sentences – that Aristophanes uses Socrates‟
intelligence as a joke, and that he did so by having Socrates mock people. Cutting away the
unnecessary repetitions strengthens cohesion:
Aristophanes exaggerates Socr.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
2. Vary structures to give distinctive
treatment to the idea you want to
attract the attention.
Placing ideas at the beginning or the
end is a way to emphasize.
You can get the reader’s attention with
the first or last words.
3. You have to think about how you want
to make emphasis in the information you
give to the readers.
Everything they know is called old
information and it is presented before
the new information you give them.
It helps the readers to see the difference
between both, old and new, but
emphasizing the new by placing it last.
4. Short and long sentences, both mixed
provide variety as well as emphasis ,
specially if you break a pattern of short
or long sentence with a new length.
You have to think about your reader’s
needs.
You use long sentences to clarify
relationships between ideas.
5. Sound direct and honest.
They have power.
Each idea goes alone and asks for
reader’s attention.
To give another effect to your ideas try
considering them into as few words as
possible.
6. Most academic writing requires that you
fully develop your ideas and establish
relationships among them.
Show the relative importance of ideas
and the connections between them.
Coordination and subordination are
valuable tools for long sentences.
>_< Don’t overdo long sentences. A
sentence shouldn’t cover more territory
that a reader can span in a single stride.
8. simple sentence: has a single
independent clause
E.g.: Pollution is a problem
Compound sentence: has two or more
independent clauses joined either by a
comma and a coordinating conjunction
or by a semicolon.
E.g.: pollution is a problem, and its
affects every aspect of our lives.
9. Complex Sentence: has one
independent clause and one or more
dependent clause.
E.g.: because the problem continues to
grow our legislature must act before it is
too late.
Compound-complex sentence: has at
least two independent clauses and more
dependent clauses.
E.g.: pollution can be prevented , and
we must take action to stop it , because
there is no other way to survive on this
planet.
10. Should you put the main point first within
a sentence and the less important
information later? Or should you first
establish the context and then deliver
the main message?
These questions refer to rhetorical
sentence types.
When you place the main idea first , you
create a CUMULATIVE SENTENCE.
11. Othello smothers the delicate
Desdemona in a fit of anguished passion
and boiling fury.
He kills the loves most because he has
trusted the lies of the vicious lago
When you save the punch for the end ,
you create a PERIOD SENTENCE.
In a fit of anguished passion and boiling
fury , Othello smothers the delicate
Desdemona. Because he has trusted the
lies of the vicious lago , he kills the person
he loves most .
12. Cumulative sentences are common in
academic writing because they allow
you to make a point and support it then.
13. When any of the following structures is
placed at the front of a sentence , the
subject goes after the first auxiliary (a
form of HAVE or BE or a modal such as
COULD) of the independent clause. If
there is no auxiliary , the subject goes
after the main verb.
14. Adverb of extent or degree: so
antagonizing had the speaker been that
members of the audience walked out.
Negative adverb of frequency: seldom
has a verdict created such an outrage
among citizens. (ever,hardly,only once,
rarely)
Other negative adverbs or adverb
phrases: Under no circumstances should
funding for this program be cut
Conditional clauses: Only if we take
measure now will we rescue our city from
urban blight
15. When the following structures are at the
front of a sentence, the subject after
goes both the auxiliary ( if there is one )
and the main verb of the independent
clause.
ADVERB OF POSITION: Near the campsite
appeared a doe and two fawns.
COMPARATIVES : More intriguing than
the main plot of the novel are several of
the subplots
PARTICIPLES AND MODIFIERS : Lying on
my desk should be a large sealed
envelope
16. Functional sentence types :
DECLARATIVE: The number of violent
crimes committed by strangers has gone
down in the past ten years.
QUESTION : So Why has the public’s fear of
crime gone up?
EXCLAMATION : The news media
manipulate us all!
COMMAND : write The program director of
your local TV station and protest!
17. VARYING SENTENCE OPENING
Another way to get important
information into a sentence early is to
invert the expected word order. As you
edit, consider using inverted word order
for a stong special order
Standard : the land onto which they
wandered was hard to barren.
Inverted : Hard and barren was the land
onto which they wandered.