This document discusses how to create an effective outline. It defines an outline as a blueprint or plan for a paper that shows the hierarchy and relationships between topics. There are two main types of outlines - a topic outline that uses words or phrases for each topic and subtopic, and a sentence outline that uses complete sentences. The document provides examples of each. It also covers the typical parts of an outline including the introduction with a thesis statement, body paragraphs with supporting evidence for each topic, and a conclusion. Key steps for creating an outline are identifying the main topic, gathering information, determining the outline type, and organizing the information in the proper format. Effective outlines demonstrate parallel structure, coordination, subordination, and proper division of topics.

1. CREATING
AN
OUTLINE
Camille Purugganan
Eunice Del Rosario

2. WHAT IS AN OUTLINE?
 an
outline is a blueprint or plan of your paper. It
shows the order of the various topics, the relative
importance of each, and the relationship between
the various parts.
 It
is a way of formally arranging and
developing your ideas.
 There
are 2 types of an outline: topic outline and
sentence outline.

3. TOPIC OUTLINE

Topic outline

Summarizes the main topics and subtopics of the article
in words or phrases.
Example:
I. Economical effects (Main idea)
A. Alcohol (Sub-idea)
1. Cost of alcohol purchases (Detail of A)
2. Cost of DUIs (Detail of A)
B. Drugs (Sub-point)
1. Cost of drug purchases (Detail of B)
2. Cost of drug arrest (Detail of B)

4. II. Psychological effects
A. Alcohol
1. Mental impairment
2. Mental addiction
B. Drugs
1. Mental impairment
2. Mental addiction
III. Physical effects
A. Alcohol
1. Liver disease
2. Alcohol poisoning
B. Drugs
1. Brain damage
2. Drug overdose

5. SENTENCE OUTLINE

Sentence outline
Uses complete sentence for each topics and subtopics as it is more
informative compare to topic sentence.
Example:

I. Alcohol and drug abuse can affect one economically.
A. The cost of alcohol abuse is high and getting higher.
1. The costs of DUIs can be enormous.
2. Alcohol costs are always rising because of rising
production costs as well as state and local taxes.
B. The cost of drug abuse can be high.
1. Even the arrest for the possession of a minute amount
of drugs can result in high bail and court cost.
2. The cost of drugs fluctuates drastically according to
the type of drug, its availability, and the amount.

6. II. Alcohol and drug abuse can have severe psychological
effects.
A. Alcohol abuse can damage a person psychologically.
1. Alcohol is a depressant and can alter the personality
of anyone.
2. The abuse of alcohol can lead to the psychological
addiction to alcohol.
B. Drug abuse can be detrimental to one psychologically.
1. Drugs impair one's ability to function normally
because of the hallucinations or numbness of
"getting high."
2. Drugs can become a psychological addiction.

7. III. Alcohol and drug abuse can affect one physically.
A. Alcohol and drug abuse can cause physical
problems.
1. The most common disease among alcoholics is
cirrhosis of the liver.
2. The massive consumption of alcohol can lead to
alcohol poisoning and death.
B. Drug abuse has many physical implications.
1. Drug abuse has been linked to the damage of
brain tissue.
2. The unpredictability of drugs can lead to an
overdose and death.

8. Creating an Outline
Most analytical, interpretive, or persuasive essays tend to
follow the same basic pattern. This page should help you
formulate effective outlines for most of the essays that you
will write.
I. Introduction
A. Sentence to get the attention of your readers:
B. One-sentence thesis statement:
II. Body
A First main idea:
a. Supporting evidence for the first idea:
b. Supporting evidence for the first idea:
c. Supporting evidence for the first idea:

9. B. Second main idea:
a. Supporting evidence for second main idea:
b. Supporting evidence for second main idea:
c. Supporting evidence for second main idea:
C. Third main idea:
a. Supporting evidence for third main idea:
b. Supporting evidence for third main idea:
c. Supporting evidence for third main idea:
III. Conclusion
A. Restatement of your thesis:
B. Insightful sentence to end your essay:

10. PARTS OF AN OUTLINE
 Introduction

It is the first paragraph of your outline, wherein
you discuss what your topic is all about. At the
end of the introduction is thesis statement.

Thesis statement
 is a one statement that will discuss the
purpose of your paper.

11.  Body

is made up of several paragraphs. It is where topics
and its subtopics is written. Body covers what the
thesis statement is trying to prove.
 Conclusion

consist of one paragraph that summarizes your paper.

12. STEPS IN CREATING AN OUTLINE

1st : Identify your main topic.

2nd : Search and gather information of your topic.

3rd : Determine what kind of outline you want to
use.

4th: Identify your main categories and its
subcategories.

5th : Organize your information in an outline form.

13. FOUR MAIN COMPONENTS FOR
EFFECTIVE OUTLINES
 Parallelism
 each topics and subtopics should preserve parallel
structure.
 Coordination
 all topics and subtopics should have a significance at each
other.
 Subordination
 topics should be in general form while subtopics should be
in a specific form.
 Division
 Each topics should be divided into 2 or more subtopics.

14. PURPOSE OF OUTLINING
 Shows
the relationship of ideas
 Simplifies
 Effective
 Helps
Writing
Speaking
organize your ideas

15. References:
 http://www2.ivcc.edu/rambo/eng1001/outline.htm
 http://www.slideshare.net/AlbertoLLA/outlines
 http://www.lavc.edu/library/outline.htm
 http://www.ehow.com/info_12009886_purposeoutlining.html
 https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/544/01/
 http://www.gratitudeheritage.in/images/Writing-Pen.jpg
 http://departments.mercer.edu/arc/lsk/writing/OUTLINE
TOPIC%20AND%20SENTENCE.pdf
 http://www.llcc.edu/Portals/24/Writing%20Center/formal
%20outlining.pdf
