This document discusses cruise missile technology. It begins by defining cruise missiles as small, self-navigating unmanned aerial vehicles that can travel long distances at high speeds to precisely deliver warheads. It then covers the general design of cruise missiles including guidance systems, payloads, and propulsion. Different categories of cruise missiles are outlined based on launch platform and specifications. Guidance system types like inertial navigation, terrain contour matching and digital scene mapping are also summarized. The document concludes with sections on advantages and disadvantages of cruise missiles as well as examples of modern cruise missile systems like BrahMos.

1. Cruise Missile Technology
By:
RAHUL P. POMBAREKAR.

2. Contents
1) What is Missile..?
2) About Cruise Missile.
3) General design of cruise missile.
4) Categorization.
5) Guidance system and it’s type.
6) Advantages and Disadvantages.
7) Future advancement in cruise missile: BrahMos
cruise missiles
8) Resent use of cruise missile
9) Conclusion.

3. What is missile?
• Missile is a weapon or object that is thrown at
a target
• OR
• A projectile that is, something thrown or
otherwise propelled

4. Types of missile
• There are two types of missiles.
• UNGUIDED OR BALLISTIC MISSILES
which moves freely to the target and can’t be
controlled after launching e.g. missiles of tank
• GUIDED MISSILES which are guided
through some remote controls e.g. Cruise
missile

5. Cruise missile
• A cruise missile is basically a small unmanned
aircraft.
• They are also called as unmanned aerial vehicles
(UAV).
• Cruise missiles are designed to deliver a large
warhead over long distance with high accuracy.
• Modern cruise missiles can travel at supersonic or
high subsonic speeds, are self-navigating .

6. Cruise missile

7. Cruise missile
• Cruise missiles:
1. have 8.5-foot (2.61-meter) wingspan
2. powered by turbofan engines
3. can fly 500 to 1,000 miles (805 to 1,610 km)
depending on the configuration.
4. deliver a 1,000-pound (450-kg) high-
explosive bomb to a precise location of the
target.

8. General design

9. General design

10. General design OF Cruise Missile
• Cruise missile generally consist of
1. Guidance system,
2. Payload, and
3. Propulsion system,
housed in an airframe with small wings.
• Payload usually consist of a conventional
warhead or a nuclear warhead.
• Cruise missile is propelled by a jet engine.

11. Categories
• Cruise missiles can be categorized by
1. size
2. speed(subsonic/supersonic),
3. range,
or
4. whether launched from:
i. land,
ii. air,
iii. ship,
iv. submarine.

12. • Air and submarine launched versions are a
little lighter and smaller than land- and ship-
launched versions.
• Larger missiles can carry either a conventional
or a nuclear warhead, while smaller ones can
carry only conventional warhead .

13. Categories
Cruise missile launched from air Cruise missile launched from ship

14. Categories
Cruise missile launched from land Cruise missile launched from submarine

15. Guidance system
• The purpose of a guidance system is to direct
the missile to target .
• Use of an automatic target recognition (ATR)
algorithm/device in the guidance system
increases accuracy of the missile.

16. Types of Guidance system
 Inertial navigation system
 TERCOM (Terrain Contour Matching)
 DSMAC (Digital Scene-Mapping Area Correlator)
 Satellite navigation

17. Inertial Navigation System:
• An inertial navigation system includes
1. a computer and a platform containing accelerometers,
2. gyroscopes,
or
3. other motion-sensing devices.
• Accelerometers measure the vertical, lateral, and
longitudinal accelerations of the controlled missile .
• Gyroscopes measure the angular velocity of the system.

18. Inertial Navigation System:

19. TERCOM(Terrain contour matching)
• It uses a pre-recorded contour map of the terrain
that is compared to measurements made during
flight by an on-board radar altimeter.
• The missile's radar altimeter feeds measurements
into a smaller buffer, and averages them out to
produce a single measurement.
• The series of such numbers a strip of
measurements similar to those held in the maps.
The two are compared to overlay the strip on the
known map, and the positioning of the strip
within the map produces a location and direction.

20. TERCOM(Terrain contour matching)

21. DSMAC(Digital scene-mapping area
correlator):
• A series of photographs are taken from
surveillance aircraft and are put into a carousel in
the missile.
• Another camera takes pictures out of the bottom
of the missile.
• A computer compares the two images and
attempts to line up areas of high contrast.
• This system is very slow and its role is being
taken up by TERCOM.

22. DSMAC(Digital scene-mapping area
correlator):

23. Satellite navigation:
• Using a satellite positioning system, such as GPS.
• Satellite navigation systems are precise and cheap.
• If the satellites are interfered ten, the satellite
navigation system becomes inoperable.
• The GPS-based navigation is useful in a conflict with a
technologically unsophisticated adversary.

24. Satellite navigation:

25. Advantages
• The big advantage of the cruise missile is its
smallness and cost.
• Its small size also improved the weapon’s chances
of penetration.
• The map matching system (TERCOM) is
combined with an inertial navigational system in
a system called TAINS. This not only gets the
cruise missile to its target but also with an high
accuracy.

26. Disadvantage
• The lack of a human pilot means you can't re-use
the thing, whereas you can get multiple missions
out of a piloted aircraft.
• Their low and slow flight means they can be
engaged by a much wider variety of systems.
• The missiles aren't always accurate, they're
expensive..

27. BrahMos cruise missile
• On June 12/2001, the BrahMos cruise missile took off from its launched at
Chandipur-on-a- Sea, Orissa, and reached a speed of up to mach 2, it
becomes the first ever supersonic cruise missile that used liquid ram jet
technology.
• The missile, with range of 280 k, weighted three tones.
• The BeahMos will not carry nuclear warhead because it is an anti ship
missile that can be launched from ships, submarines, aircrafts and land
• The BrahMos is a product of an INDO-RASSIAN joint venture known by
the same name.

28. Specification of BrahMos cruise
missile
• The BrahMos missile,
1. Travelling at 2.8 to 3 times the speed of sound
(mach2.8to3)
2. Is three times faster than a subsonic cruise missile
such as the Tomahawk of the U.S.
3. Has 9 times the killing power because the killing
power is proportional to the square of the velocity.

29. Conclusion
• Currently cruise missiles are among the most
expensive of single-use weapons, up to several
million dollars apiece. However, they are cheaper
than human pilots when total training and
infrastructure costs are taken into account.
• Guidance System used in cruise missile is a
complex system which involves several systems
working in random. it is essential that guidance
system is properly designed for accurate
interception of targets

30. The german v1 rocket

31. SSM-N-8 Regulus missile

32. BRAHMOS anti ship