Logistics involves managing the flow of goods and information from suppliers to customers. It includes transportation, warehousing, inventory management, and other processes involved in procurement, distribution, and delivery. The goal of logistics is to deliver the right product to the right customer at the right time and place while minimizing costs and meeting customer requirements. Logistics management aims to control material and information flows efficiently and effectively across the supply chain.

1. INTRODUCTION OF LOGISTICS
MANAGEMENT
 Logistics is the art and science of managing and controlling the flow
of goods, energy, information, other resources.
 Logistics is the process of getting products and services where they
are required and when they desired
 Logistics is the process of strategically managing the
procurement, movement and storage of materials, parts and finished
inventory (and the related information flows) through the
organization and its marketing channels in such a way that current
and future profitability are maximized through the cost-effective
fulfillment of orders"

2. Logistics - Science of managing (controlling) the movement and storage of goods
(or people) from acquisition to consumption.
Goods: Raw Materials Final products, and everything in between.
Logistics for services & people similar to goods logistics.
Ex. Police, fire, ambulance, passenger airlines, taxi cabs, etc.
Movement = Transportation (between locations).
Storage = Inventory, Warehousing (at locations).
Difference between acquisition and consumption is a matter of space and
time.
Focus: Best way to overcome space and time that separates acquisition
and consumption.

3. Logistics embodies the effort to deliver:
 the right product
 in the right quantity
 in the right condition
 to the right place
 at the right time
 for the right customer
 at the right cost

4. DEFINITION
The process of planning, implementing, and controlling the
efficient, cost-effective flow and storage of goods, services, and
related information, from point of origin to point of consumption, for
the purpose of conforming to customer requirements.

5. LOGISTICS AS A PART OF SUPPLY CHAIN
 Logistics Management is the part of Supply chain management
that plans, implements and controls the
efficient, effective, forward, and reverse flow and storage of
goods, services, and related information between the point of
origin and the point of consumption in order to meet customer's
requirements.
 It involves the integration of information
, transportation, inventory, warehousing, material handling and
packaging, and occasionally security.

6. OBJECTIVES OF LOGISTICS MANAGEMENT
 Cost reduction (variable costs)
 Capital reduction (investment, fixed costs)
 Inventory reduction
 Reliable and consistent performance
 Minimum product damages
 Quick responses
 Delivering customer services-
• Customers must be given more importance than the goods and
services that have to be delivered.
• Product and services are of significance to the customers only
when they are available to them exactly when customers need
them.

7. DECISIONS IN LOGISTICS MANAGEMENT
 Product design
 Plant location
 Choice of markets/ sources
 Distribution/ dealer network design
 Location of warehouses
 Plant layout
 Allocation decisions
 Production planning
 Inventory management-stoking levels
 Transportation mode choice, shipment size and
routing decisions and transport contracting
 Packaging
 Material handling
 Warehouse operations

8. Logistics cost
The performance of a supply chain can be illustrated with the help of
total logistics cost.
To define the logistics cost, one must define the desired outputs
From the logistics system and then seek to identify the costs associated
with providing those outputs.
The manager must understand how the behavior of one cost differs from
the behavior of another cost and for running a logistics system requires
the manager to understand and use a variety of cost information.
The cost of logistics varies from industry to industry.
Cost can be divided in many ways: Fixed, variable and semi-variable, Cash and
non cash, direct and indirect. Each of these costs may reveal important and
information for making logistics decisions.

9. Some of logistics cost are:
 Insurance
 Handling and warehouses operations
 Packaging
 Transportation
 Customers’ shopping

10. LOGISTICS FUNCTIONS
Logistics is not a single term actually it is a blend of number of
activities or functions:-
Order processing
Inventory management
Warehousing transportation
Material handling
Logistical packaging
Information

11. Models in logistics management
1. Forecasting models- these models allow prediction of demand
based on past data or other parameters that are independently
available. They enable better planning, given the lead time
necessary for response.
2. Mathematical programming models- under this model, there
are three models
Location model
Allocation model
Distribution network design models

12. (a) Location model-
These models help in planning the optimal location of plants or
warehouses, considering the inbound and outbound transportation
costs and infrastructure cost at the locations.
Such models can be solved as an integer program or sometimes as
a linear program.
(b)Allocation models-
These models help in optimally allocating commodities from sources to
destinations in a multi-source multi-destination environment
(c) Distribution network design models-
These models are usually comprehensive in nature, deciding between a
two, three or even four stage distribution network, location of
warehouses and break bulk points, and sometimes even the
transportation mode choice.