This document summarizes Ankit Master's final presentation on microwave components. It describes several types of couplers - branchline, Wilkinson, modified Wilkinson, and ratrace couplers. It also discusses the design and measurement results of a gain block, low noise amplifier, and oscillator. Measurements of the S-parameters and other specifications are provided to analyze the performance of each circuit.

1. Final Presentation
Ankit Master
Spring 2009

2.  Couplers/Dividers
 Branch Line Coupler
 Wilkinson Coupler
 Modified Wilkinson Coupler
 Ratrace Coupler
 Gain Block
 Low Noise Amplifier
 Oscillator

3. - Branchline couplers are 3 dB
directional couplers
- The power fed at the input
port is divided equally
between the two output ports.
- However, there is a 90-degree
phase difference in the output
of the two ports

4. S- parameters Magnitude (dB)
(@ 2.4 GHz) simulated measured
S11 -30.03 -14.55
S12 -2.97 -2.97
S21 -2.97 -3.02
S22 -30.03 -15.16
S13 -3.05 -4.06
S31 -3.05 -4.15
Phase Difference between outputs obtained on ports 2 and 3:
SIMULATED: 89.890
MEASURED: 91.000

5. S11 S12
S21 S22
Branch line Coupler: Magnitude plots

6. S13 Branch line Coupler: Magnitude plots S31
S12 – S13
Branch line Coupler: Phase plot

7. - It is a n-port network
commonly used for
combining and splitting
power.
- This circuit achieves
isolation at the output
ports while maintaining
matched condition on all
ports.

8. S- parameters Magnitude (dB)
(@ 2.4 GHz) simulated measured
S11 -20.01 -25.56
S12 -3.05 -3.10
S21 -3.05 -3.53
S22 -26.26 -11.08
S13 -3.05 -2.98
S31 -3.05 -3.33
Phase Difference between outputs obtained on ports 2 and 3:
SIMULATED: 0.000
MEASURED: -1.480

9. S11 S12
S21 S22
Wilkinson Coupler: Magnitude plots

10. S13 Wilkinson Coupler: Magnitude plots S31
S12 – S13
Wilkinson Coupler: Phase plot

12. S- parameters Magnitude (dB)
(@ 2.4 GHz) simulated measured
S11 -38.28 -14.08
S12 -3.01 -3.36
S21 -3.01 -3.51
S22 -41.85 -12.21
S13 -3.01 -3.23
S31 -3.01 -3.33
Phase Difference between outputs obtained on ports 2 and 3:
SIMULATED: 0.000
MEASURED: 0.8750

13. S11 S12
S21 S22
Modified Wilkinson Coupler: Magnitude plots

14. S13 Modified Wilkinson Coupler: Magnitude plots S31
S12 – S13
Modified Wilkinson Coupler: Phase plot

17. -This is a hybrid coupler
- Like the Quadrature
hybrid, the ratrace coupler
is a 3-dB directional
coupler
-180-degree phase
difference between output
ports

18. S- parameters Magnitude (dB)
(@ 2.4 GHz) simulated measured
S11 -39.21 -12.19
S12 -3.00 -3.57
S21 -3.00 -3.64
S22 -39. 22 -13.11
S13 -39.58 -40.36
S31 -39.58 -40.45
S14 -3.01 -3.20
S41 -3.01 -3.34

19. S11 S12
S21 S22
Rat Race Coupler: Magnitude plots

20. S13 S31
S14 S41
Rat Race Coupler: Magnitude plots

21. S12-S13 S12-S14
Rat Race Coupler: Phase plot
Phase Difference between outputs obtained at ports 2 and 3:
SIMULATED: - 0.180
MEASURED: -36.380
Phase Difference between outputs obtained at ports 2 and 4:
SIMULATED: - 178.800
MEASURED: - 172.810

22. -Active circuit which uses transistors to amplify the wea
input signal
-Device used: 2SEC5009

25. S- parameters Magnitude (dB)
(@ 2.4 GHz) simulated measured
S11 -18.999 -24.398
S21 6.354 3.893
S22 -19.00 -13.428
StabFact 1.004 -

26. -Low Noise amplifier is necessary at the input of a receiver
to amplify the weak received signal with minimium
amplification of noise
-Device used: AT32011

27. Layout of the LNA in ADS
Actual fabricated circuit

28. Noise Figure S-parameters

30. S- parameters Magnitude (dB)
(@ 2.4 GHz) simulated measured
S11 -10.475 -6.031
S12 -16.603 -17.940
S21 12.042 10.022
S22 -57.434 -54.278
StabFact 1.065 -
NF min 1.961 -
nf(2) 2.069 -
Max Gain 12.762 -

31. -A local oscillator is used to combine the baseband signal
with a high frequency RF signal during modulation
- Device used: ATF33143

32. Layout in ADS
Actual fabricated circuit
(Apologies for the poor image quality)

34. Harmo simulated measured
nic
index
HB.freq HB.vout HB.freq HB.vout
(GHz) (dBm) (GHz) (dBm)
1 2.381 20.480 2.5975 10.02
2 4.761 -13.560 5.2075 -10.23
3 7.142 -3.331 7.7950 -21.43
S11 @ 4.751 - - -
2.35 dB
GHz

35. - ADS is a very useful and powerful tool for building
circuits
- Reducing the number of parameters during
optimization improves the chances of reaching the
desired goal efficiently
- Selection of a proper device is essential during the
initial stages of the design to avoid complications in the
latter stages of the project
- Tuning is not as convenient as optimization