Reconstruction sought to rebuild the South after the Civil War and integrate freed black slaves into society. There were disagreements over how it should be controlled and how to balance white and black political power. Presidential Reconstruction under Johnson enfranchised ex-Confederates but was resisted by Radical Republicans in Congress who instituted military control over the South and protected black civil rights. Corruption scandals weakened Republican support, and the Compromise of 1877 ended Reconstruction by withdrawing federal troops from the South.

1. Reconstruction (1865-1876)

2. Key Questions 1. How do we bring the South back into the Union? 2. How do we rebuild the South after its destruction during the war  3. How do we integrate and protect newly- emancipated black freedmen? 4. What branch of government should control the process of Reconstruction?

3. Wartime Reconstruction

8. Jeff Davis Under Arrest

11. Freedmen’s Bureau Seen Through Southern Eyes Plenty to eat and nothing to do.

12. Freedmen’s Bureau School

13. Presidential Reconstruction

17. Slavery is Dead?

20. Johnson the Martyr / Samson If my blood is to be shed because I vindicate the Union and the preservation of this government in its original purity and character, let it be shed; let an altar to the Union be erected, and then, if it is necessary, take me and lay me upon it, and the blood that now warms and animates my existence shall be poured out as a fit libation to the Union. (February 1866)

21. Radical (Congressional) Reconstruction

23. The Balance of Power in Congress State White Citizens Freedmen SC 291,000 411,000 MS 353,000 436,000 LA 357,000 350,000 GA 591,000 465,000 AL 596,000 437,000 VA 719,000 533,000 NC 631,000 331,000

30. The Grant Administration (1868-1876)

31. The 1868 Republican Ticket

32. The 1868 Democratic Ticket

33. Waving the Bloody Shirt! Republican “Southern Strategy”

34. 1868 Presidential Election

35. President Ulysses S. Grant

37. The Tweed Ring in NYC William Marcy Tweed (notorious head of Tammany Hall’s political machine) [ Thomas Nast  crusading cartoonist/reporter]

38. Who Stole the People’s Money?

39. And They Say He Wants a Third Term

41. 1872 Presidential Election

42. Popular Vote for President: 1872

45. Black "Adjustment" in the South

46. Sharecropping

48. Black & White Political Participation

49. Establishment of Historically Black Colleges in the South

50. Black Senate & House Delegates

51. Colored Rule in the South?

54. The “Invisible Empire of the South”

57. The Abandonment of Reconstruction

59. 1876 Presidential Tickets

60. “ Regional Balance?”

61. 1876 Presidential Election

63. Hayes Prevails

64. Alas, the Woes of Childhood… Sammy Tilden —Boo-Hoo! Ruthy Hayes’s got my Presidency, and he won’t give it to me!

65. A Political Crisis: The “Compromise” of 1877