The Reconstruction of the South summarizes the period after the Civil War when the United States sought to reintegrate the Confederate states and protect the rights of freed slaves. It describes the competing plans of Lincoln, Johnson, and Radical Republicans to rebuild the South. Ultimately, Reconstruction ended in 1877 with the Compromise that withdrew federal troops and oversight from the South.

1. The Reconstruction of the South
Re-building of the South after the Civil War
Process of re-admitting Confederate states back into the
United States
1865-1877
What do you think needed to be done?

2. Charleston, SC in 1865

3. Atlanta, GA in 1865

4. Richmond, VA in 1865

5. Lincoln’s Plan
 Reunite all of the states and rebuild
country

6. Lincoln’’s Plan
 Pardon all
Southerners who
swear allegiance to
the Union, except
Confederate leaders
and those accused
of crimes against
prisoners of war

7. Lincoln’’s Plan
 Once 10% of
voting population
did so, the States
could form new
governments and
send
representatives to
Congress

8. Radical Republicans
 Hate Lincoln’s plan
 Want to punish the south
 They become furious when former
Confederate leaders are elected to
Congress
 Outraged at passing of Black Codes

9. Black Codes
 Blacks can only be farmers or servants
 Must carry special pass to travel
 Can not vote
 Can not serve on jury

10. Jim Crow Laws
 To Prevent Blacks from voting
 Required to pay Poll Tax
 Pass reading test
 Grandfather Clause- if your
grand-daddy voted in 1867
you don’t need to pay or pass
test
 Started Segregation-separating
people in public
based on race

11. Radical Republicans’’
Plan
 Leader Thaddeus Stevens
 Believed the States did secede
 Wanted to punish the Southern States
for the rebellion

12. Radical Republicans’’
Plan
 Congress had the constitutional
power to readmit the States not the
President
 Wanted all African Americans to be
given full citizenship and voting
rights

13. Freedmen Bureau
 Gave clothes, food, medical care to poor blacks and
whites
 Open over 4,000 schools
 Many hospitals
 Several universities
 Despite effort many blacks still poor and jobless

14. Lincoln Assassinated
 April 14, 1865
 Lincoln is shot by
John Wilkes Booth
at Ford’s Theater

15. Lincoln Assassinated
 Lincoln dies next
day
 Andrew Johnson
assumes
presidency

16. Andrew Johnson’s Plan
 Same as Lincoln’s Plan
 PLUS each former
Confederate State had to
ratify 13th Amendment

17. Radicals Respond
 Pass Civil Rights Act 1866
 Said Blacks have equal rights under the
law and are citizens
 Passed 14th Amendment
 1. Said anyone born here is an American
2. States can not pass laws to take away rights
3. States had to give
people Due Process

18. 1867 Reconstruction Act
 1. Any Government under Lincoln’s or
Johnston plan will not be recognized
 2. Confederate leaders can not vote or hold
office
 3. All White and Black men can vote and be
elected
 4. Southern states must write new constitution
that guarantees Blacks right to vote
 5. Southern States must ratify 14th
Amendment

19. Southern Punishment
Military Reconstruction Act of 1867
Divided south into 5 military
controlled districts

20. 5 Southern Military Districts

21. President Johnson
 Tries to veto Reconstruction Act
 Congress overrides vetoed with majority
vote
 Radicals Use High Crimes and Treason
 Try to Impeach Johnston
 Fail to impeach by just 1 vote

22. Impeachment
 Congress passes the
Tenure of Office Act to
control Johnson.
 He defies it and is
impeached.
 He falls one vote short
of being removed from
office.

23. Gen. Grant As President
 Grant wins election thanks to the Black
vote
 Grant is poor President
 Plague by many scandals
 15th Amendment passed
 Can not deny a citizen the right to vote based
on race

24. South During Reconstruction
 Three main groups Carpetbaggers, Scalawags, and
Blacks
 Carpetbaggers abuse power to become rich
 Scalawags white republicans, small farmers, who
wanted the power old plantation owners had
 Blacks smallest group in government

25. Sharecroppers
 Rented farmland from owner
 Paid by giving over share of crops
 Had to pay for tools, seeds, and farm animals
 Very little was left over for family
 Started cycle of poverty

26. Ku Klux Klan
 Domestic terror group
 Founded by southern whites
 To suppress Blacks and keep them
from using their new rights
 Responsible for beating and killing
many blacks and white sympathizers

27. Election of 1876

28. Compromise of 1877
 Votes of 4 states disputed, all
given to Hayes
 Hayes (Republican) becomes
President
 Remove federal troops from
the south, ends
Reconstruction
 Use federal money to rebuild
southern railroads

29. Reconstruction (1865-1877)
 End Results????
 Good???
 Bad???
 What still needed to be done in the South?