The document discusses refrigeration and air conditioning systems for automobiles. It is divided into 5 units and covers topics like refrigeration cycles, HVAC systems, and their applications. The objectives are to understand different refrigeration systems and apply the knowledge to design suitable air conditioning systems for vehicles. The assessment includes mid-exams, assignments, and an external exam. Students are expected to be able to apply concepts like refrigeration principles, HVAC design, and troubleshooting of air conditioners in automobiles.

1. Refrigeration & Auto Air Conditioning
(13AED004)
By
D . Suresh
.REFRIGERATION AND AIR CONDITIONING by D.SURESH is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

2. Refrigeration & Auto Air Conditioning
Course is divided into the 5 Units
Unit -1
Unit -2
Unit -3
Unit -4
Unit -5

3. Course Objectives
• Understand working of Vapour compression Refrigeration system & Air Refrigeration system
Vapor absorption system, Steam Jet refrigeration system & Unconventional Refrigeration system.
• And able to do load estimation for Vehicle cooling,
• Understand the principle & operation of Air Conditioning System and its components
• Understand about Trouble Shooting and Servicing of Air Conditioners

4. Course Outcomes
Student should be able to
• Apply knowledge of various refrigeration systems in designing a suitable one for automobile.
• Apply knowledge of air conditioning systems in designing a suitable one for automobile.
• Apply knowledge of Trouble Shooting and Servicing of Air Conditioners in automobiles.

5. Refrigeration & Auto Air Conditioning
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Refrigeration & Air Conditioning – C.P. Aurora-TMH
2. Refrigeration & Air Conditioning – Aurora & Domkundwar – Dhanpat Rai
3. Automotive Air Conditioning –William.H.Crouse & Donald L.Angtin.-MH
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Refrigeration and Air Conditioning : Manohar Prasad
2. Refrigeration and Air Conditioning : Stoecker – Mc Graw Hill
3. Refrigeration and Air Conditioning : Dossat – Mc Graw Hill
4. Refrigeration and Air Conditioning : Domkundwar – Dhanpatrai

6. Assessment
Mid Exams (1 & 2) – 25 marks (80% of best + 20% of other one)
Assignment (1 & 2) – 5 marks (Average of 1 & 2)
External Exam – 70 marks
100 marks
Passing Criteria
Mid exam average – 15 marks (minimum)
External Exam – 25 marks (minimum)
40 marks

7. Automotive Systems
Automotive Systems
Power Train
Engine
Fuel System
Inlet System
Exhaust System
Cooling system
Lubricating system
Power plant Drive line
Clutch
Gear box
Transfer case
Propeller shaft
Differential
Wheels
Running System
Suspension
Steering
Braking
Comfort System
HVAC
Seating
Audio/Video/
GPS

8. HVAC
• HVAC means Heating, Ventilation & Air Conditioning.
• HVAC system allows the passengers to control the climate condition inside the vehicle to their
Comfort & Convenience.
• So HVAC goal is to provide thermal comfort and acceptable indoor air quality.
• HVAC system design needs knowledge on principles of thermodynamics, fluid mechanics,
refrigeration and heat transfer for its application in Automobiles

9. HVAC

10. Introduction
Refrigeration
• The process of keeping an item below room temperature by storing the item in a system or
substance designed to cool or freeze.
• The most common form of refrigeration is provided by systems (i.e.refrigerators) that use
a refrigerant chemical to remove heat from items stored inside the system.
• The main purpose of refrigeration was to produce ice, which was used for cooling beverages,
food preservation and refrigerated transport etc.

11. Introduction
Refrigeration Applications
The major applications of refrigeration can be grouped into following four major equally important areas.
1. Food processing, preservation and distribution
2. Chemical and process industries
3. Special Applications
4. Comfort air-conditioning

12. Air - Conditioning
• Air conditioning refers to the treatment of air so as to simultaneously control its temperature,
humid moisture content, quality and circulation.
• Air-conditioning is one of the major applications of refrigeration.
• Air-conditioning has made the living conditions more comfortable, hygienic and healthy in offices,
work places and homes.
• Air-conditioning involves cooling and dehumidification in summer months; this is essentially done
by refrigeration.

13. Relation between Refrigeration and Air conditioning

14. Carnot Cycle
• The Carnot Cycle is a thermodynamic cycle that is known for the best possible efficiency.
• Carnot Cycle changes the energy available in the form of heat to produce useful work in reversible-
adiabatic (isotropic).

15. Carnot Cycle
• The Carnot cycle is known for setting the highest efficiency bench mark that any cycle or engine
can achieve.
• Carnot cycle is reversible cycle.
• Refrigerators and Heat engines that work on Reversible Carnot cycles & considered as models for
comparing the actual heat engines and refrigerators.
• In practical world reversible cycles cannot be achieved due to irreversibility associated with each
process which cannot be eliminated.

16. Carnot Vapour Cycle
• In Carnot vapor cycle working fluid is vapor.
• A Carnot cycle with two isothermal and two isentropic processes can be thought of as a vapor
power cycle.
• However, in practice, it is almost impossible to design a vapor power plant, based on Carnot cycle
• Below figure shows the schematic diagram of a simple steam power plant working on vapor power
cycle and T-s diagram.

17. Carnot Vapour Cycle

18. Carnot Vapour Cycle

19. Carnot Vapour Cycle
• Saturated vapour leaves the boiler at state 3,enters the turbine leaves and expands to state 4
• The fluid then enters the condenser , where it is cooled to state 1, and then it is compressed to state
2 in the pump.
• Practically , it is very difficult to , reject or heat to or from the working fluid at constant
temperature.
• But , it is comparatively easy to add or reject heat to or form fluid at constant pressure
• Therefore Carnot Vapour cycle is not used as idealized cycle in steam power plant

20. Reversed Carnot cycle

21. Reversed Carnot cycle