This document provides an overview of refrigeration and air conditioning. It discusses the principles of refrigeration, including refrigerants and their properties, the coefficient of performance, and vapor compression and vapor absorption refrigeration systems. It also discusses air conditioning principles, classifications of air conditioning systems, and common types like window units and split systems. The key components and processes of refrigeration and air conditioning systems are explained.

1. Refrigeration & Air
conditioning
By-
Nirav jadav

2. Refrigeration
 Introduction
 Principle of refrigeration
 Refrigerants & it`s properties
 unit of refrigeration
 Co-efficient of performance
 Vapour Compression Refrigeration (VCR)
 Vapour Absorption Refrigeration (VAR)
 Application of refrigeration

3.  Introduction
 Refrigerator :
“It is a device or system used to maintain the low
temperature below the atmosphere temperature within required
space.”
 Refrigeration :
“the method of reducing temperature of a system
below surrounding temperature and maintain it at lower temperature
continuously abstracting the heat from it.”

4.  Principle of Refrigeration :
How does it work?
High Temperature Reservoir
Low Temperature Reservoir
R Work Input
Heat Absorbed
Heat Rejected

5.  Refrigerants
The refrigerant is a heat carrying medium which absorbs
Heat from space and rejects heat to outside the refrigerator.
 Properties :
• Good thermal conductivity for rapid heat transfer.
• Non toxic, Non-flammable, Non-corrosive.
• High co-efficient of performance
• High latent heat of evaporation
• Low initial and maintain cost

6.  Co-efficient of Performance :
It is defined as the ratio of heat extracted in a given
time (refrigerating effect) to the work input.
The COP is the reciprocal of the efficiency of a heat engine.

7. Vapour Compression Refrigeration (VCR)
 The vapour refrigeration system most popular and widely used in
refrigeration and air conditioning for both domestic and industrial
applications.
 Main parts of VCRS :
1. Compressor
2. Condenser
3. Expansion valve
4. Evaporator

8. Vapour Compression Refrigeration (VCR)

9. Vapour Absorption Refrigeration System
 In VAR system compressor is replaced by absorber and generator .
 Ammonia is suitable refrigerant for VAR system
 Main parts of the vapour sorption system
1. Evaporator
2. Condenser
3. Generator
4. Absorber
5. Pump
6. Expantion device

10. Vapour Absorption Refrigeration System

11. Application of Refrigeration
1. Storage and transportation of food
2. Preservation of medicine
3. Manufacturing of ice and rubber
4. Processing of petroleum
5. Liquefaction of gases like Nitrogen , oxygen etc …..
6. Cooling of water
7. Comfort air conditioning of wide area

12. Air conditioning
 Intoduction
 Principle of air conditioning
 Air conditioning systems
 Classification of air conditioning
 Window air conditioner
 Spilt air conditioner

13. Introduction
 Air conditioning is not a process of only heating or cooling to some desired
temperature.
 Air condition is includes with follow process:
1. Cooling or heating air.
2. Addition of moisture in air or removal of moisture from air
3. Purification of air
4. Addition of fresh air from outside
5. Distribution of air

14. Principle of air conditioning
 In air conditioning system , the device or unit provides air conditioning is called air
conditioner .
 This device continuously draws air from an indoor space which is required to cool,
it cools in refrigeration system and discharge back into the same indoor space.
 This continuous cyclic process of drawing , cooling and recirculation of the cooled
air maintain indoor space

15. Air conditioning systems
1. Fans : for circulation of air
2. Filers : for cleaning of air
3. Heating element : heating of air
4. Control system : it regulates automatically the amount of cooling or heating
5. Grille : it adjust the direction of conditioned air to the room
6. Tray : it collects condensed water
7. Refrigerating plan : provide cooling . It consists of compressor / generator and
absorber , evaporator , condenser , expansion device

16. Classification of Air Conditioning System
 A. According to arrangement of equipment
1. Unitary system
2. Central system
 B. According to the purpose
1. Comfort air conditioning system
2. Industrial air conditioning system
 C. According to season of year
1. Winter air conditioning system
2. Summer air conditioning system

17. TYPE OF AIR-CONDITIONING
1) Window air-conditioning system
 To install one of these units, you need the
space to make a slot in the wall, and there
should also be some open space behind the
wall.
 when the summer heat dies down, these
units can be easily removed for storage, and
you can use the window sill for other
purpose

19. Split air conditioning system
 The split air conditioner comprises of two parts: the outdoor unit and the indoor
unit.
 The outdoor unit, fitted outside the room, houses components like the compressor,
condenser and expansion valve.
 The indoor unit comprises the evaporator or cooling coil and the cooling fan. For
this unit you don’t have to make any slot in the wall of the room.
 Further, the present day split units have aesthetic looks and add to the beauty of
the room. The split air conditioner can be used to cool one or two rooms

21. THANK YOU