The Progressive Era occurred from the 1890s to the 1920s. Progressives were mainly middle class, educated reformers who sought to use government activism to address issues caused by industrialization and urbanization. They worked on social, economic, political, and moral reforms. Some key reforms included women's suffrage, prohibition, antitrust laws, regulation of railroads and child labor, and expanded roles for women. Progressives achieved many gains, but their efforts were also seen as a threat by some groups.

1. The Progressive Era 1890s-1920s

2. 7.01: Explain the conditions that led to the rise of Progressivism. 7.02: Analyze how different groups of Americans made economic and political gains in the Progressive Period. 7.03: Evaluate the effects of racial segregation on different regions and segments of the Unites States' society. 7.04: Examine the impact of technological changes on economic, social, and cultural life in the United States.

4. What were their goals?

5. Who were some famous Progressives? What causes did they advance?

7. Progressives were: Women: the “cult of domesticity” is challenged by middle class, educated women; new role for women in the public sphere.

10. Three Basic Goalsof the Progressives Restore control of gov’t to the people Correct the injustices of industrialization Restore greater economic opportunity to all Americans (spread the wealth)

11. Four Basic Types of Progressive Reform: Social (keyword: “Democracy”) Economic (“Monopoly”) Moral (“Purity”) Structural/Political (“Efficiency”)

13. Social Gospel

14. Settlement House(Jane Addams, HullHouse, Chicago)

17. Prohibition (Women’s Christian Temperance Movement)

18. Expand women’s role in public

22. 1920: The Nineteenth Amendment

23. Structural/Political Progressivism: Scientific Management: applying science to make the workplace more efficient; tasks become easier, workers become more productive, production increases Fredrick W. Taylor, Principals of Sci. Management, 1911 Ford Motor Co.: Assembly line, 8 hr work day, $5/day

24. Structural/Political Progressivism: Fighting city corruption:eliminate Gilded Age political bosses, kickbacks, voting corruption (ex.: “Boss” Tweed) City manager/commissioner > city councils, (experts over political favors) Hazen Pingree(Detroit, MI) & Tom Johnson (Cleveland, OH)= Progressive mayors “gas and water socialism” (public ownership of utilities)

25. Lincoln Steffens, The Shame of the Cities (1904)

26. Structural/Political Progressivism: Fighting State Corruption: regulate railroads, mines, mills, business Gov. Robert La Follette, WI: RR regulation, direct candidate primary system, limited campaign expenditures and lobbying activities, end child/’;lk labor

28. Structural/Political Progressivism: Ending Child Labor: Keating-Owen Act (1916) prohibited transportation of goods made by children across state lines; declared unconstitutional in 1920 but most states regulate child labor and dramatic national drop by 1920 Shorter working hours:Muller v. Oregon (1908, women, 10 hr); Bunting v. Oregon (1917, men, 10 hr); worker’s comp/benefits

29. Structural/Political Progressivism: Louis Brandeis (Supreme Court 1916-1939, “A Robin Hood of the Law” worker’s comp/benefits

30. Structural/Political Progressivism: Elections Secret (Australian) Ballot Initiative/Referendum: citizens vote on laws Recall: fire public officials

32. Women's suffrage

33. End child labor

34. Destruction of urban political machines

35. “Taylorism”

37. What were their goals?

38. Who were some famous Progressives? What causes did they advance?

39. Who benefited from progressivism? Who saw it as a threat?