This lecture deals with the rise of industrial America ni the second half of the 19th century. It explains the factors that led to the economic boom and its impact on businesses and on American economic progress.
This lecture deals with the rise of industrial America ni the second half of the 19th century. It explains the factors that led to the economic boom and its impact on businesses and on American economic progress.
In this module, we will discuss the variety of reasons for people relocating to the west and take a look at the journey they made, and the troubles they faced along the way. Some of you might be able to relate to this, by moving somewhere new and exciting, but having a few struggles along the way. But ultimately, things worked out in the new location.
Many of these people we’re excited to move westward and start new lives, but they were unaware of how long and difficult the journey would be. They faced high mountain ranges, rivers, different climates and terrain that some were not used to.
c. 1850-1900Prior to the discovery of gold, much of TawnaDelatorrejs
c. 1850-1900
Prior to the discovery of gold, much of the West was considered a wasteland & much was part of North MexicoDuring the last decades of the 1800s, the U.S. was segmented into 1) an industrialized society and 2) a frontierThe 1890 census was the first to record that the frontier had been settledAdditionally, by 1890 the US surpassed Great Britain in iron and steel productionSettlement in the West was powered by industry
Mexico was under Spanish domination until 1821.
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By the 1860s, agricultural settlement reached the western margins of the tall grass prairies
Ecology-60 million years ago, the Rocky Mountains rose out of the sea and covered western North AmericaWith no outlet, the shallow inland sea dried upA hard pan was leftSediment washed down from the mountains over time to form a loose, featureless surface
Ecology-The climate suffered from cycles of drought because moist winds from the Pacific ocean delivered rain on the western slope of the Sierras Only drought-resistant grasses and plants could survive in this climateThe ecosystem could support certain plants and animals, but had not nurtured very much human settlement
About 100,000 Native American groups lived on the plains in 1850They were very diverseThey have been categorized across six linguistic families and 30 “tribal” groupsMandan, Arikara, Pawnee
~lived in permanent villages
~planted corn & beans
~however, smallpox & measles ravaged settled groups
Kiowa, Comanche, Arapaho, Cheyenne, “Blackfeet,” “Crow,” & SiouxWere dispersed in hunting groupsFirst arrived on the plains in the 1600sHunted buffaloMoved from lake country in northern Minnesota when fish and game dwindled
Kiowa, Comanche, Arapaho, Cheyenne, “Blackfeet,” “Crow,” & SiouxBecame nomadicLived in portable skin teepeesAcquired horses from southwestern groupsCame to claim the entire Great Plains North of the Arkansas RiverDrove out or subjugated longer-settled groups
One notable group of Plains Native American Indians were the Lakota SiouxThey had strict gender rolesWomen were more subordinate than in other groupsSaw God as a series of powers pervading the universeThe Sun Dance was one form of religious worship for them
Image of Sun Dance from http://ccat.sas.upenn.edu/rs/2/lectures/lakota/sundance.detail.jpg.
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The Lakota Sioux were not a self-contained group of peopleThey traded with others, including whitesPelts and buffalo robes were traded for kettles, knives, blankets, & guns, which the Lakota came to rely upon
Again, prior to the 1840s gold rush, land in the west was seen as only worthy of Native American Indian settlement and useIn 1834, congress formally designated the Great Plains as permanent Indian countryThe army constructed border forts from Lake Superior to Fort Worth TexasThey were made of stone because they would be in place “forever”“Mainstream” Americans would theoretically trade with the Native Americans, but not settle the west
What changed these per ...
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Yonis, Thank you for your paper. STRENGTH(S)- Some good point.docxodiliagilby
Yonis, Thank you for your paper.
STRENGTH(S):
- Some good points on an important topic in American history.
- Your enthusiasm for the topic was readily evident.
AREA(S) TO IMPROVE:
- It was a little short.
- Work on improving your introduction and thesis statement. Here is a resource to consider: http://www.bowdoin.edu/writing-guides/thesis.htm
- Focus more on analysis of the topic vice describing it. Ask yourself a good research question and answer it. Here is a resource to consider on writing a good history paper: http://www.hamilton.edu/documents/Writing_Good_History_Paper%203rd%20ed.pdf
- Focus your topic on the assignment.
WEEK 5 PAPER FORUM: Answer the question below in the Written assignment #1 paper forum by the end of week 5.
- Although frontier history is generally treated as an Anglo-American story, in the Far West it is much more about ethnic diversity. Why?
Grade: Format/Submission: 9/10; Intro/Thesis: 15/20; Organization/Body: 20/25; Historical Analysis: 20/25; Writing/Grammar: 9/10; Citations/Bibliography: 9/10 Final Grade: 82
I look forward to your next paper. Carl
Espinosa
Espinosa
Student’s Name: Yonis Espinosa
Professor: Carl J Bradshaw
Course:Hist 102
Date: September 14, 2016
Westward Expansion in America
Westside expansion has always been the talk of the United States of America. The expansion began along the Eastern Coast and continued until to the Pacific despite it going through bounds and leaps. This was described by Theodore as a great leap towards the west (Quay and Sara 257). Even before the colonized states in America had not won independence in the Revolutionary war against Britain, settlers had already begun migrating towards the west into the states that are today known by the name Tennessee and Kentucky; they also moved to the Deep Southern part and parts of the valley known as Ohio. The expansion of the Westside was greatly influenced by the Louisiana Purchase which took place in the year 1803. The 1812 war caused the securing of the boundaries of the United States and defeated Old Northwest tribes. The removal act of Indians which took place in 1830 caused the forcefully moving of all Indians to the what are now known as the states of Oklahoma and Arkansas on a journey which was named the Trail of Tears (Quay and Sara 257). The term “Manifest Destiny” a belief that American institutions and Americans are superior and therefore, Americans had the obligations of spreading these institutions with the aim of helping people get freed from the European Colonization, was in 1945 coined by a journalist known by the name John O’Sullivan.
Expansion towards the west side was greatly assisted by the finishing of the Transcontinental Railroad in the year 1869b and the Homestead Act passage which took place in 1862 (Quay and Sara 257). This act was responsible for giving a 160-acre land to someone who would file a claim, build a home on the land for five years and in turn make improvements on the land. The Gre ...
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Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
2. WESTWARD EXPANSION
1. Setting the Stage (Background on the
West)
a. Americans believed in the idea of Manifest Destiny, the idea that it
was their God given right to expand westward to the Pacific Ocean and
to Mexico
4. WESTWARD EXPANSION
b. President Thomas Jefferson bought the Louisiana Purchase from
Napoleon Bonaparte of France in 1803 for $15 million
c. Between 1804 to 1806, explorers Lewis and Clark were commissioned
by President Jefferson to explore west to the Pacific coast
5. WESTWARD EXPANSION
d. The US annexed Texas in 1845 which led to the Mexican-American
war which took place between 1846-1848 and resulted in US obtaining
the present day southwest United States territory from Mexico
e. The Oregon Treaty of 1846 with Britain resulted in the US obtaining
Oregon, Washington state, and parts of Wyoming, Montana, and Idaho
6. WESTWARD EXPANSION
f. The United States now stretched from the Atlantic to the Pacific,
however, many Native American tribes lived on these newly
obtained pieces of land and had called this land home for
hundreds of years
7. WESTWARD EXPANSION
2. Motivations to settle the West
a. The California gold rush of 1849 & the discovery of gold in Colorado
in 1858 sparked a wave of settlers to the west hoping to literally strike
gold
b. Mining towns were filthy and included fortune seekers of every kind
including Irish, German, Polish, Chinese, and African Americans
c. Free land! The Homestead Act of 1862 offered 160 acres to citizens;
600,000 families took advantage of this offer
11. WESTWARD EXPANSION
3. The Transcontinental Railroad
a. The federal government offered 170 million acres in land grants to
railroads between 1850-1871
b. Land grants were pieces of land given by the federal
government to encourage railroad companies to build more railroads
westward
12. WESTWARD EXPANSION
d. The Central Pacific moved eastward from Sacramento
e. The Union Pacific moved westward from Omaha, Nebraska
13. WESTWARD EXPANSION
f. Both companies relied heavily on foreign labor such as Irish and
mostly Chinese workers
14. WESTWARD EXPANSION
g. The Central Pacific used unstable nitroglycerin to blast through
the difficult terrain of the Sierra Nevada mountains
h. Both companies reached Promontory Point, Utah by 1869 where
a golden spike was driven to hail the completion of the railroad
i. Fifteen years later, the US had five transcontinental railroads
j. The railroads significantly shrunk the size of the US and allowed for
settlers to migrate west more quickly and efficiently
17. WESTWARD EXPANSION
4. Life in the West
a. Trees were often scarce so settlers built their homes called sod
homes, or soddies, from the land itself
18. WESTWARD EXPANSION
4. Life in the West
b. Women often worked in the fields with men plowing, planting, and
harvesting the crops
c. Minnesota and Wisconsin were important for lumber production
19. WESTWARD EXPANSION
4. Life in the West
d. Frontier settlers faced many hardships such as droughts, floods,
fires, blizzards, locust plagues, and occasional raids by outlaws
and Native Americans
20. WESTWARD EXPANSION
Result: Even though America was now a complete nation, conflict with
Native Americans would be the next real challenge & would remind us that
there is a consequence to progress.