This document discusses the primary sector of agriculture and livestock. It defines the primary sector and outlines the key factors of production, including physical factors like climate and relief as well as human factors like population and economic development. It also examines different production systems for agriculture based on water usage, land use, crop variety, technology usage, and plot size. Additionally, it analyzes different types of agricultural landscapes including subsistence and commercial agriculture. Livestock farming is also explored based on the type of rearing including traditional, commercial, intensive, and extensive systems. In the end, it briefly touches on issues of food production and world hunger globally.