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mhgiAgriculture involves the cultivation of plants and animals for food, fiber, and other products to sustain human life. It began 6000 years ago and can be divided into traditional and modern types. Traditional agriculture uses traditional production methods and requires more workers but yields less, while modern agriculture uses highly mechanized and technological methods for commercial or ecological farming. The factors that influence agriculture include physical factors like climate and relief as well as human factors like population, economic development, and land ownership policies. Agricultural landscapes have been modified over time and include traditional, modern, and engineered types like greenhouses and desert farms.
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Download from Links Below
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4. As a labourer where they work the land for a salary.
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The document discusses different types of activities in the primary sector of the economy, which includes agriculture, livestock farming, fishing, and forestry. It provides details on various forms of agriculture including subsistence, commercial, plantation, and intensive/extensive systems. Livestock is also summarized, distinguishing traditional, commercial extensive and intensive animal husbandry. The primary sector makes up over 30% of the world's workforce but varies significantly between developed and developing countries.
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This document discusses factors affecting agricultural land use and systems of food production. It covers a range of topics:
1. Physical factors like climate, soils, and slopes that determine what crops can be grown in an area.
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3. Biological characteristics of different crop types from perennials to annuals and their resource needs.
4. The influence of climate zones on agriculture and Von Thunen's theory of land use based on distance to market.
5. Different agricultural systems ranging from nomadic herding to commercial plantations and their defining features.
Summary of topic 5.2
1) Food production systems range from subsistence farming in LEDCs to intensive commercial farming in MEDCs. LEDCs often focus on subsistence farming for local consumption while MEDCs protect domestic agriculture through import tariffs.
2) Climate change is expected to negatively impact food production more in LEDCs through increased drought, flooding and heat waves. This could destroy crops over large areas.
3) Sustainable agriculture practices include reducing meat consumption, increasing organic and local foods, improving food labels, and planting buffer zones to reduce nutrient runoff.
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Diversification in agriculture involves allocating resources like land, capital and labor to new crops or non-farm activities. This helps reduce risk and respond to changing demands and policies. Factors leading to diversification include reducing risk, responding to consumer or policy changes, and adapting to external shocks like climate change. Diversification can involve shifting to higher-value crops or transforming the workforce to activities like livestock, fisheries or non-agriculture. This provides more income opportunities for rural farmers.
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Modern techniques in agriculture
Modern agriculture relies heavily on technology and science. Agricultural engineering, chemistry, plant breeding, genetics, mechanization, and use of machinery have all contributed to increased agricultural productivity. Modern techniques include irrigation, use of fertilizers and other agrochemicals, hydroponics, food processing and packaging methods, and agricultural equipment like tractors, combines, ploughs and sprayers. New technologies like planes, helicopters, radio and television also aid agriculture. Overall, the integration of engineering and science has helped relieve farm work and boost efficiency in food production.
Agricultural practices in Science
Download from Links Below
Link 1: http://fumacrom.com/QR2n
Link 2: http://gestyy.com/eiR6AY
SOME DATA ARE TAKEN FROM INTERNET E.G. DEFINITION,EXAMPLES ETC.
This is for education purpose only..
Modern agriculture
This document provides information about different types of kitchen gardens and hydroponic systems. It discusses traditional kitchen gardens, potager gardens, vegetable gardens, herb gardens, and terrace gardens. It also describes different hydroponic systems including drip systems, ebb-flow systems, NFT systems, water culture systems, aeroponic systems, and wick systems. Finally, it lists several modern agricultural tools used in farming such as cultivators, threshers, rotavators, rip binders, moldboard ploughs, disk ploughs, land levellers, and tractors.
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Modern agricultural practices have led to increased food production but also environmental issues. The use of fertilizers, pesticides, and high-yielding seed varieties boosted yields but also caused problems like water pollution, loss of soil, pest resistance, and health impacts. Pesticides in particular accumulate in the environment and food chain, killing beneficial insects along with pests and contaminating water sources. While necessary to feed growing populations, intensive agriculture needs to be practiced sustainably to minimize environmental damage over the long run.
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Traditional agriculture relied on outdated methods using indigenous knowledge and tools. Modernization introduced high-yielding varieties, fertilizers, pesticides, and irrigation techniques to increase production. Key differences are traditional agriculture used few inputs while modern uses technology and chemicals. Reforms included land reforms, credit access, irrigation expansion, and price supports to boost output and farmer incomes. Technological reforms centered on the Green Revolution while institutional reforms privatized sectors and deregulated rents.
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This document discusses different aspects of agriculture including crops, seasons, plant improvement techniques, soil nutrients, crop protection, animal husbandry, and other methods. It notes that cereals provide carbohydrates, pulses provide protein, and oil seeds are a good source of fat. Kharif crops like cotton and black gram are grown during the rainy season from June to October, while Rabi crops like wheat and mustard are grown from November to April. Varietal improvement can develop varieties with higher yields, better qualities, and disease resistance through techniques like hybridization and introducing new genes. The six main soil nutrients that plants utilize in large quantities are nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and sulfur. Crop protection methods include
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This document outlines the key steps in the agricultural process, including soil preparation, sowing, fertilization, irrigation, weed protection, harvesting, and storage. Soil is prepared through tillage or chemicals to kill weeds. Seeds are soaked, cleaned, and sown into the soil. Manure and fertilizers are added to provide nutrients for growth. Irrigation supplies water, while weed protection controls unwanted plants. Crops are harvested using machines or by hand, then stored correctly to prevent quality loss or pest damage over time.
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The document defines and explains different types of agriculture including terrace farming, extensive agriculture, and slash and burn agriculture. Terrace farming uses stepped terraces to farm steep slopes and prevent erosion. Extensive agriculture uses small amounts of labor, fertilizers, and capital relative to land area. Slash and burn agriculture causes deforestation in tropical areas. The document also discusses factors affecting agriculture like growing populations, modern technologies, steps of farming including soil preparation, sowing, fertilizing, irrigating, harvesting, and storing.
Modern agricultural practices
Poly house farming involves growing crops under covered structures made of plastic sheeting to regulate temperature and moisture. This reduces pest infestation and increases crop yields compared to regular fields, though startup costs are higher. Precision farming uses technology to test soil properties and apply only needed irrigation and weed control based on soil composition. Hydroponics grows plants in nutrient solutions without soil, while aeroponics sprays nutrients directly onto exposed roots growing in air.
Traditional and Modern Agriculture
Traditional agriculture from the 1600-1700s involved subsistence farming where farmers and families lived off the land by consuming and using plants and animals for survival. Modern agriculture emerged in the 18th century aims to meet consumer food demands, conserve natural resources, and maintain farm profitability. Traditional methods of land preparation, sowing, planting, irrigation, weeding and harvesting have been replaced by modern techniques using tractors, planters, seeders, combines and other machinery to complete these tasks more quickly and accurately compared to traditional methods using hand tools and farm animals.
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The document discusses the history and development of agriculture and technology. It notes that early agricultural practices like irrigation and crop rotation developed long ago but have made great progress in the past century. The development of technologies like mechanized harvesters, the Haber-Bosch process for nitrogen fixation, the Green Revolution, and genetically modified crops have dramatically increased agricultural production and yields. Modern farms now use a variety of machinery such as tractors, cultivators, seed drills, and milking machines to perform tasks with greater speed and scale than previously possible.
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This document discusses various topics related to agriculture, livestock, fishing, and their economic activities. It begins by defining the primary sector and describing the importance of agriculture and livestock in feeding the world population. It then discusses different types of farming systems including subsistence, market-oriented, intensive, and extensive approaches. Issues facing various sectors are also summarized, such as overfishing, limits on territorial waters, and the need for sustainable exploitation of natural resources.
Unit 5
The document provides information on agrarian spaces and activities in the primary sector. It defines agrarian spaces as land where agrarian activities like agriculture, livestock farming, and silviculture take place. Agrarian activities are influenced by natural factors like climate, soil type, and relief, as well as human factors such as technology, population levels, and economic organization. The types of agrarian landscapes and activities can vary significantly based on these influencing factors.
Plots (2)
There are several regimes of farming:
1. Direct farming where the owner takes charge of working the land to obtain benefits.
2. Indirect farming where the owner yields the land to other farmers in exchange for fixed payments or products.
3. Sharecropping where the farmer works the land in exchange for a percentage of the production.
4. As a labourer where they work the land for a salary.
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This document provides information about primary sector activities and traditional and modern agricultural landscapes. It discusses traditional farming methods like slash and burn agriculture, dry sedentary agriculture, and monsoon irrigation agriculture. It also describes developed agricultural landscapes in new world countries and Europe. Livestock farming systems like nomadic, transhumant, extensive, and intensive are explained. The document concludes with a section about fishing and fishing grounds.
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The document discusses different types of activities in the primary sector of the economy, which includes agriculture, livestock farming, fishing, and forestry. It provides details on various forms of agriculture including subsistence, commercial, plantation, and intensive/extensive systems. Livestock is also summarized, distinguishing traditional, commercial extensive and intensive animal husbandry. The primary sector makes up over 30% of the world's workforce but varies significantly between developed and developing countries.
Location production and change
This document discusses factors affecting agricultural land use and systems of food production. It covers a range of topics:
1. Physical factors like climate, soils, and slopes that determine what crops can be grown in an area.
2. Human factors like markets, technology, and policies that influence agricultural practices.
3. Biological characteristics of different crop types from perennials to annuals and their resource needs.
4. The influence of climate zones on agriculture and Von Thunen's theory of land use based on distance to market.
5. Different agricultural systems ranging from nomadic herding to commercial plantations and their defining features.
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Traditional agriculture and its modernization questions by Ishita Agarwal
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CAMBRIDGE GEOGRAPHY A2 REVISION - TROPICAL ENVIRONMENTS: SUSTAINABLE MANAGEME...
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1) Food production systems range from subsistence farming in LEDCs to intensive commercial farming in MEDCs. LEDCs often focus on subsistence farming for local consumption while MEDCs protect domestic agriculture through import tariffs.
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The document discusses the history and types of agriculture. It begins with defining agriculture and discussing early hunter-gatherer societies. It then outlines three agricultural revolutions where farming became more sedentary, used more technology, and incorporated biotechnology. The document also describes variations of subsistence and commercial farming as well as trends in US agriculture from Native practices to modern techniques. Key models of land use based on distance to market are provided.
Agriculture chapter 10.ppt
The document discusses the history and types of agriculture. It begins with defining agriculture and discussing early hunter-gatherer societies. It then outlines three agricultural revolutions: the first involved animal domestication and subsistence farming; the second occurred during the Industrial Revolution and shifted to commercial farming using technology; the third in the 20th century corresponded with population growth and involved biotechnology, double-cropping, and triple-cropping. The document also describes variations of farming like subsistence, shifting cultivation, crop rotation, and pastoral nomadism. It outlines commercial farming types and vocabulary. Von Thünen's model of land use based farm locations on distance to market. Trends in US agriculture from early practices to the 20th
B.sc agri i paam unit 1 introduction to agronomy
The document provides an introduction to the subject of agronomy, including definitions and scope. It discusses key topics in agronomy such as crop classification, developments in agriculture, research institutes, and agro-climatic zones of India. The document outlines the relationships between agronomy and other sciences and describes important management practices for crop growth.
AGL604 (Farming System and Sustainable Agriculture)
1. The document discusses farming systems and sustainable agriculture. It defines farming systems and lists their advantages.
2. Key components of sustainable agriculture are discussed, including soil conservation, crop diversity, nutrient management, and integrated pest management.
3. The three pillars of sustainability - economic, environmental, and social - are outlined. Benefits and disadvantages of sustainable agriculture are also provided.
Chapter - 15, Improvement in Food Resources, Science, Class 9
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Chapter 15, Improvement in Food Resources, Science, Class 9
FOOD
DIFFERENT TYPES OF CROPS AND THEIR NUTRITIONAL - VALUE
DIFFERENT TYPES OF CROP WITH SEASON
CROP VARIETY IMPROVEMENT
CROP PRODUCTION MANAGEMENT
MANURE & FERTILIZERS
IRRIGATION
IRRIGATION METHODS
RAINWATER HARVESTING
CROPPING PATTERNS
CROP ROTATION
CROP PROTECTION MANAGEMENT
PESTS
DISEASES
STORAGE OF GRAINS
HOW TO PREVENT STORAGE LOSS?
ANIMAL HUSBANDRY
POULTRY FARMING
BENEFITS OF CROSS BREEDING
FISH PRODUCTION
MARINE FISHERIES
INLAND FISHERIES
COMPOSITE FISH CULTURE
BEEKEEPING
Every topic of this chapter is well written concisely and visuals will help you in understanding and imagining the practicality of all the topics.
By Shivam Parmar (Entrepreneur)
AGRICULTURAL TRAINING PROGRAM
This document discusses an agricultural training program that will be conducted in local administrative areas (panchayats/blocs/districts) to train farmers. The training will cover topics like increasing farm production, selecting crops, using seeds, pesticides, fertilizers, irrigation systems, and protecting crops from disasters. It will aim to teach farmers more scientific agricultural methods. The document also provides some statistical information about the geographical area, cultivated land, and types of farm holdings in the region.
Summary of topic 3.5
The document discusses several topics related to global food resources and production. It notes that about 1 billion people are undernourished, most living in less economically developed countries. Food production varies from subsistence farming in LEDCs to commercial farming in more economically developed countries. Climate change is expected to have greater negative impacts on agriculture in LEDCs through increased drought, flooding, and heat waves. The document also compares intensive, extensive, and subsistence farming as well as terrestrial and aquatic food production systems, and examines several case studies of different societies and their associated food production methods.
Intensified Agriculture and its Merits and Demerits
Agriculture has intensified significantly over the past century due to population growth and industrialization. This intensification involved adopting mechanization, irrigation, fertilizers, pesticides, and high-yield crop varieties to boost productivity on existing farmland rather than expanding into new areas. While intensification increased food supply, it has also led to environmental issues like soil acidification, pollution from excess nutrients, and loss of biodiversity. Maintaining sustainable agricultural practices that balance productivity with environmental protection remains an ongoing challenge.
Farming (3º ESO)
Here are 3 potential activities using the information provided in the document:
1. For a hill sheep farm in the UK, list three inputs:
a. That are outside the farmer's control:
- Climate/weather
- Soil quality
- Relief/topography of the land
b. That the farmer could alter to increase output:
- Increase flock size
- Improve pasture quality through fertilization or reseeding
- Use shelter belts or other methods to protect sheep from harsh weather
2. Compare and contrast intensive vs extensive farming and commercial vs subsistence farming:
a. Intensive farming uses more inputs like capital, machinery, and technology per unit area of land. Extensive farming uses fewer
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Nuevo microsoft power point presentation
- 2. AGRICULTURE The cultivation of animals, plants, fungi, and other life forms for food, fiber, biofuel, medicinal and other products used to sustain and benefit human life which was invented 6000 years ago Two types: Traditional Modern
- 3. TRADITIONAL AGRICULTURE It involves traditional production methods, so it needs many workers and produces a low yield. It represents a tiny percentage of global production Two types: • Subsistence; it produces just enough to survive • Self-consuption; more productive than subsistence one
- 4. It refers to the farming that is highly technological or mechanised It can be divided into two types: • Commercial; national or international market destination, highly technological • Ecological; it creates better quality products by not using chemical products
- 5. The factors of production are those elements that facilitate the development of agricultural activities. Two main groups Physical factors: Human factors: -Relief -Population -Climate -Economic and technological -Ground development -Land ownership -Shape and size of land -Agrarian policies
- 6. Agrarian activities use a range of crop, livestock and forestry production systems for producing yield These vary according to; water usage, use of land, crop variety, technology used and the size of the farm
- 7. It refers to the natural territories that have been modified by humans in order to fulfil their production needs Two types: • Traditional landscapes; they are very diverse • Modern landscapes; creates new landscapes
- 8. They are found in different environments, they are affected in different ways by cultures and by the type of activity they are subjected to • Mediterranean; vine, olives, vegetables, fruits… • Oceanic continental; regions with an oceanic climate. Cereal crops and prairies are very common • Tropical and Monsoon; very arid or tropical lands
- 9. Modern agricultural activity has been transformed. It has created new landscapes or has modified existing ones • Greenhouses; this is a type of landscape that has been created by commercial agriculture • Desert agriculture; growing large crops, due to the channelling of water from wells and special watering systems • Jungle crops; ex. deforestation