APPLICATION OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TOOLS (ICTs) IN MODERN AGRICULTURESREENIVASAREDDY KADAPA
ICT can deliver fast, reliable, and accurate information in a user-friendly manner for practical utilization by the end-user. ICT includes any communication device or application encompassing radio, television, cellular phones, computer and network hardware and software, satellite systems, and as well as the various services and applications associated with them, such as videoconferencing and digital learning.
Basic knowledge of application of computers in agriculturejatinder pal singh
Computer use among agro-meteorologists, agronomists and other agricultural professionals has risen rapidly in the past decade.
The application of the computer in agriculture research originally exploited for the conversion of statistical formula or complex model in digital farm for easy and accurate calculation which are found relatively tedious in the manual calculation.
Digital Agriculture can be defined as ICT and data ecosystems to support the development and delivery of timely, targeted (localized) information and services to make farming profitable and sustainable (socially, economically and environmentally) while delivering safe, nutritious and affordable food for ALL. Rural connectivity will be a key to providing low cost data and access to information. Digital technology will be key to increasing agriculture productivity by delivering tailored recommendations to farmers based on crop, planting date, variety sown; real time localized observed weather and projected market prices. Mobile phones also enable farmers to integrate into structured markets based on approved grades and standards. The greatest impact of Digital agriculture will have is on democratization of market pricing and compressing transaction costs. Digital agriculture will also leverage social media platforms to build human capacity. One of the best examples originating from India is Digital Green.
Reshaping the Future of Agriculture through ICT: Agriculture 4.0Rizwan MFM
M.F.M. Rizwan | Assistant Director of Agriculture (Development)
National Agriculture Information & Communication Centre (NAICC) | Department of Agriculture
A session on "Digitalization of Agriculture" at Entrepreneurship Conclave organized by Shailesh J. Mehta School of Management, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay.
ICT in Agriculture, Reasons of Agricultural Information delay in rural India, Need of ICT in Indian Agriculture, Role of ICT in Indian Agriculture, ICT INITIATIVES FOR AGRICULTURE AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT
Pluralistic Agricultural Extension in IndiaRavi Kn
The new extension regime recognise the need for Muti-agency collaboration to combine strengths. Thereby promoting both Public and non-public (private sector, NGOs, FIG/CIG/POs, PPP Models) actors in Extension work to enhance the delivery system in agricultural extension to all type of farmers.
Food security at the national level refers to availability in the country of sufficient stocks of food to meet domestic demand through domestic supply or imports
Inclusive growth in India- prospects and challenges Jagriti Rohit
India’s government has made “inclusive growth” a key element of their policy platform, stating as a goal: “Achieving a growth process in which people in different walks in life… feel that they too benefit significantly from the process.” (Ahluwalia, 2007)
APPLICATION OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TOOLS (ICTs) IN MODERN AGRICULTURESREENIVASAREDDY KADAPA
ICT can deliver fast, reliable, and accurate information in a user-friendly manner for practical utilization by the end-user. ICT includes any communication device or application encompassing radio, television, cellular phones, computer and network hardware and software, satellite systems, and as well as the various services and applications associated with them, such as videoconferencing and digital learning.
Basic knowledge of application of computers in agriculturejatinder pal singh
Computer use among agro-meteorologists, agronomists and other agricultural professionals has risen rapidly in the past decade.
The application of the computer in agriculture research originally exploited for the conversion of statistical formula or complex model in digital farm for easy and accurate calculation which are found relatively tedious in the manual calculation.
Digital Agriculture can be defined as ICT and data ecosystems to support the development and delivery of timely, targeted (localized) information and services to make farming profitable and sustainable (socially, economically and environmentally) while delivering safe, nutritious and affordable food for ALL. Rural connectivity will be a key to providing low cost data and access to information. Digital technology will be key to increasing agriculture productivity by delivering tailored recommendations to farmers based on crop, planting date, variety sown; real time localized observed weather and projected market prices. Mobile phones also enable farmers to integrate into structured markets based on approved grades and standards. The greatest impact of Digital agriculture will have is on democratization of market pricing and compressing transaction costs. Digital agriculture will also leverage social media platforms to build human capacity. One of the best examples originating from India is Digital Green.
Reshaping the Future of Agriculture through ICT: Agriculture 4.0Rizwan MFM
M.F.M. Rizwan | Assistant Director of Agriculture (Development)
National Agriculture Information & Communication Centre (NAICC) | Department of Agriculture
A session on "Digitalization of Agriculture" at Entrepreneurship Conclave organized by Shailesh J. Mehta School of Management, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay.
ICT in Agriculture, Reasons of Agricultural Information delay in rural India, Need of ICT in Indian Agriculture, Role of ICT in Indian Agriculture, ICT INITIATIVES FOR AGRICULTURE AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT
Pluralistic Agricultural Extension in IndiaRavi Kn
The new extension regime recognise the need for Muti-agency collaboration to combine strengths. Thereby promoting both Public and non-public (private sector, NGOs, FIG/CIG/POs, PPP Models) actors in Extension work to enhance the delivery system in agricultural extension to all type of farmers.
Food security at the national level refers to availability in the country of sufficient stocks of food to meet domestic demand through domestic supply or imports
Inclusive growth in India- prospects and challenges Jagriti Rohit
India’s government has made “inclusive growth” a key element of their policy platform, stating as a goal: “Achieving a growth process in which people in different walks in life… feel that they too benefit significantly from the process.” (Ahluwalia, 2007)
Comparison of extension system of different countriesJagriti Rohit
Agricultural extension was once known as the application of scientific research and new knowledge to agricultural practices through farmer education. The field of extension now encompasses a wider range of communication and learning activities organised for rural people by professionals from different disciplines, including agriculture, agricultural marketing, health, and business studies.
Up-scaling and out-scaling conservation agriculture technologies: The case of...CIMMYT
Poster by Alfred Micheni (KARI), Fred Kanampiu (CIMMYT), Onesmus Kitonyo (CIMMYT), James Ouma (KARI), Mekuria Mulugetta (CIMMYT) , George Mburathi (ACIAR) and Ezekiel Ngoroi (KARI) presented at 3rd International Agronomy Congress New Delhi , India on 26-30 November, 2012
total quality management and team management Jagriti Rohit
TQM is a process design to focus on customer expectations, preventing problems, building commitment to quality in the workforce and promoting open decision making”
Explains the role of information and knowledge in agricultural marketing, shares the initiatives by Government, private, NGOs and farmers organisations, indicates ICT advances which transform agricultural research-extension-marketing scenarios.
Assessing the Impacts and Developing Adaptation Strategies Using Application ...Global Risk Forum GRFDavos
K.L. Chaudhari1, Upena Dalal1, Kishor Kulat2
1Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute Of Technology,Surat , India; 2Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology ,Nagpur ,India
Information and Communication Technology in dissemination of Agricultural Tec...Lokesh Waran
Information and Communication Technology in dissemination of Agricultural Technologies
Dr.J.Meenambigai
Associate Professor
Department of agricultural Extension
Faculty of Agriculture
Annamalai University
Chidambaram
Smart Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is a new holistic approach on ICT development, integration and implementation where it harmonizes with Science and Technology, to produce new products, service, enhance workflow and improve human life. With this approach it enables inclusiveness on growth and sustainability on society development, where it enables equal access to technology and its innovations by bridging the gaps on how we do ICT in the past.
ABSTRACT : The Internet of Things (IoT) describes a special network with many physical things which have
embedded sensors, software, and other technologies. These devices, such as traffic lights, vehicles, home alarms
and other objects are connected for the purpose of exchanging data with other devices and systems over the
internet. The IoT technology is utilized by Smart Cities, to offer many benefits to the state in conjunction with
LP-WAN. In this assignment we will refer to LP-WAN in wireless communication technology and the three
famous technologies that support this technology, which are SigFox, LoRaWAN and NB-IoT and how to apply
in the smart cities. In addition, we will report a threat that smart cities face nowadays, and specifically we will
describe what the DDoS threat is and how it can affect the network of smart cities. Finally, we describe a recent
incident DDoS attack, approaching the incident which is known Stuxnet
Key Words: LPWAN, SigFox, NB-IoT, LoRa, Smart Cities, DDoS, Stuxnet
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
3. • Agriculture is facing new and severe challenges in its own
right
• With rising food prices that have pushed over 40 million
people into poverty since 2010, more effective interventions
are essential in agriculture (World Bank 2011)
• The growing global population, expected to hit 9 billion by
2050, has heightened the demand for food and placed
pressure on already-fragile resources. Feeding that population
will require a 70 percent increase in food production (FAO
2009)
INTRODUCTION
4. • Given the challenges, the arrival of information
communication technology (ICT) is well timed.
• ICT is one of these solutions, and has recently
unleashed incredible potential to improve
agriculture in developing countries specifically.
• With the booming mobile, wireless, and Internet
industries, ICT has found a foothold even in poor
smallholder farms and in their activities
5. But what exactly are ICTs?
• Is any device, tool, or application that permits the exchange or
collection of data through interaction or transmission
• Umbrella term that includes anything ranging from radio to satellite
imagery to mobile phones or electronic money transfers
6. And can they really be useful and
cost-effective for poor farmers with restricted access
to capital,
electricity, and infrastructure?
Gained traction even in impoverished regions
Increases in their affordability, accessibility, and adaptability
New, small devices, infrastructure , and especially applications
(for example, that transfer money or track an item moving
through a global supply chain) have proliferated.
7. • In the past, television and radio were the main electronic
broadcast technologies used to reach rural communities;
however, in the past two decades, Internet- and mobile-based
channels have emerged.
• ICTs now include computer-based applications and such
communication tools as social media, digital information
repositories (online or offline), and digital photography and
video, as well as mobile phones (Balaji, Meera, and Dixit 2007).
8. Current status of ICT in
India
Indian Telecom market is one of the fastest growing markets in
the world.
With its 926.55 million Telephone connection, it is the second
largest network in the world after China.
It is also the second largest wireless network in the world.
The country is poised to achieve 1 billion telephone connections.
Wireless telephones are increasing at a faster rate. The share of
wireless telephones is 96.47% of the total phones.
ANNUAL REPORT 2011-12
GOI, DEPT OF TELECOMMUANICATION
9. The share of private sector in total telephones is 86.09%.
Overall tele-density has reached 76.86%. Urban tele-density is
167.46%, whereas rural tele-density is at 37.52% which is also
steadily increasing.
Broadband connections increased to 13.30 million.
The penetration of internet and broadband has also improved
with 20.99 million internet subscribers and 13.30 million broadband
subscribers across the country
ANNUAL REPORT 2011-12
GOI, DEPT OF TELECOMMUNICATION
11. • Number of telephone
connection per hundred
habitant
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
mobile
landline
• Number of internet
connection per hundred
inhabitant
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
broadband
internet
ANNUAL REPORT 2010-11
GOI, DEPT OF TELECOMMUNICATION
12. • During the year 2010-2011, the number of TV household in
India have grown from 136 million to 143 million.
• Penetration of TV services increased from 52% to 68% in the
Indian household.
year % households possessing
radio
% households possessing
television
rural urban Rural urban
2004-05 26.3 33.6 25.6 66.1
13. • The rural telephone connections increased from 47.10
million in March 2007 to 282.29 million in March, 2011 and
further to 315.39 million in December'11.
• The share of rural phones in the total telephones has
constantly increased, from 22.88% in 2007 to 34.04% in
December'11
ANNUAL REPORT 2011-12
GOI, DEPT OF TELECOMMUNICATION
14. Tele density
number of telephones per 100 population
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
urban
total
rural
The values are
expressed in
percentage.
ANNUAL REPORT 2011-12
GOI, DEPT OF TELECOMMUANICATION
16. Main phases in the agriculture sector
Crop cultivation
and harvesting
Input management
Water management
Fertilization
Pest management
Post harvest
Transportation
Food processing
Marketing
Sowing
Pre-cultivation
Crop selection
Calendar definition
Access to credit
Land preparation
Packaging
Land selection
17. Information produced/needed
Crop cultivation
and harvesting
Input management
Water management
Fertilization
Pest management
Post harvest
Transportation
Food processing
Marketing
Sowing
Pre-cultivation
Crop selection
Calendar definition
Access to credit
Land preparation
Packaging
Land selection
Information for
the selection of the best crop
according to their land,
access to input and credit,
market (Cost-Benefit), etc.
Information for the sound
management of the whole cropping
activities, including the resilience to
natural (e.g. weather) and
anthropogenic shocks
Information related to
post-harvest techniques
and tools, marketing and
transportation infrastructures,
etc.
18. Pre-cultivation
Crop selection
Calendar definition
Access to credit
Land selection
Application of ICT
DSS, GIS, Remote sensing,
e/m-consulting, KMS, sampling devices
connected to networking tools
KMS, e/m-consulting, e/m-learning, DSS,
GIS
Networking tools (mobile phones, radios,
wireless networks), Management
Information System (MIS), e-commerce and
mobile commerce
Decision Support System (DSS), modeling
software, e/m-learning, e/m-consulting,
Knowledge Management Systems (KMS)
19. Application of ICT
Crop cultivation
and harvesting
Input management
Water management
Fertilization
Pest management
Sowing
Land preparation
KMS, e/m-learning, e/m-consulting, GPS, GIS,
computer controlled devices, machine2machine
communication and sensor networks
GPS, GIS, e/m-learning, e/m-consulting, computer
controlled devices, m2m communication, sensor
networks
DSS, MIS, GPS/GIS, e/m-learning
DSS, GIS, MIS, sensor networks, m2m communication
DSS, GIS, MIS, sensor networks, m2m communication
DSS, GIS, management information system, sensor
networks, m2m communication
20. Application of ICT
Post harvest
Transportation
Food processing
Marketing
Packaging
Networking tools (mobile phones, lo-fi technologies)
for broadcast
GPS, GIS, MIS, tracing devices, m2m communication
Tracing devices, KMS, e/m-learning, e/m-consulting,
GPS, GIS
Farm to fork tracing tools – GPS, RFID, GIS,
DBMS, MIS, KMS, e/m-learning, e/m-consulting,
machine2machine communication
21. One size does not fit all
Individual needs of the farmer need to
be met
Information gaps: What to grow?
Farming practices to be adopted during
the growth phase
Pest, Disease And Nutrient Deficiency
Mgt
Harvesting techniques
Best place to sell produce
Information overload Inputs selection
Market information
22. Short supply
of extension
agents
Less number of
female extension
agents
More number of
farmer per extension
worker
Lower level of
education of
Bottom level
extension agents
More area to
be covered by
agents
Poor ratio of
SMS to agents
Human
Resource
23. Need to Provide instant expert agro advisory services
Farmers need again farm specific agro advisory
27. “A computer program designed to model the problem solving
ability of a human expert” (Durkin, 1994).
“A system that uses human knowledge captured in a computer to
solve problems that ordinarily require human expertise”.
Three components viz., knowledge base, inference engine and
user interface.
Major application areas of expert system agriculture, education,
environment and medicine.
Journal of Computer Science and Applications.
28. Characteristics of Agricultural Expert
System
Simulates human reasoning about a problem domain, rather
than simulating the domain itself.
Performs reasoning over representations of human knowledge.
Solves problems by heuristic or approximate methods.
Georgian Electronic Scientific Journal:
29. The experience and knowledge of a human expert is captured in
the form of IF-THEN rules
Facts which are used to solve problems by answering questions
typed at a keyboard attached to a computer
30. In India, Sarma et al. (2010) developed an expert system in
order to diagnose and manage the diseases occurring in rice
crop.
Integrates a structured knowledge base that contains
knowledge about symptoms and remedies of diseases in the rice
plant appearing during their life span.
Rice expert system
31.
32. Expert system
shell
Knowledge base
Coordinating
module for
knowledge
Data base
Expert system
programme
for knowledge
formatting
Interactive
knowledge
module for
Knowledge
acquisition
USER
INTERFACE
DOMAIN
SPECIFIC
EXPERTISE AND
CONTENTS
IS
expert
International Journal of Artificial Intelligen
Volume(1): Issue(1)
33. A web based tomato crop expert information system was
developed by Babu et al. (2010) in India.
contains two main parts viz., tomato information system and
tomato crop expert system
Journal of Computer Science and Applications.
ISSN 2231-1270 Volume 3, Number 1 (2011),
pp. 59-71
37. Vinod et al. (2008) developed an image based rapeseed-
mustard disease expert system in India.
The diagnosis and control measures of economically
important diseases like Alternaria blight, white rust and white
rot , downy mildew complex, powdery mildew, white rot of
rapeseed-mustard were effectively performed by using this
expert system.
Journal of Computer Science and Applications.
ISSN 2231-1270 Volume 3, Number 1 (2011),
pp. 59-71
38.
39. Prasad et al. (2006) formulated an expert system viz.,
AMRAPALIKA for diagnosing 14 different pests including eight
diseases and six insects in Indian mango variety.
Important diseases like Powdery mildew, Black spot,
Anthracnose, Red rust, Die back, Bacterial spot, Sooty mould
and Malformation and insects like Shoot-borer, Red ants,
White ants, Mealy bug, Mites and Fruit fly.
Journal of Computer Science and Applications.
ISSN 2231-1270 Volume 3, Number 1 (2011),
pp. 59-71
40. Launched by Secretary, DARE and DG, ICAR Agri Daksh and
Expert System on Seed Spices on February 24,2011
It enables domain experts to build online expert system in
their crops with minimal intervention of knowledge engineers
and programmers
This in turn will reduce losses due to diseases and pests
infestation, improve productivity with proper variety selection
and increase in income of the farmer.
Maize Agri Daksh is the first system developed by IASRI in
collaboration with Directorate of Maize Research, New Delhi.
41.
42.
43.
44. Advantages of Expert System
• Extension personnel, researchers and farmers to identify crop
diseases and enable to proceed their management.
• User can easily identify the disease on the basis of
photographs of symptoms and text descriptions of disease.
• The user friendly software developed using windowing
environment, thus provides enough facilities to identify the
disease and to suggest the remedy conveniently
Journal of Computer Science and Applications.
45. Reduce employee training costs.
Centralize the decision making process.
Create efficiencies and reduce the time needed
to solve problems.
Combine multiple human expert intelligences.
Reduce the amount of human errors.
Review transactions that human experts may
overlook.
Provide consistent answers for repetitive decisions, processes and tasks.
Hold and maintain significant levels of information.
46. • Many farmers in the country are illiterate and knowledge of
computers in rural areas is still unreached.
• It needs to be expanded and updated to accommodate new
diseases and ailments of important crops in the locality.
• There is a need to include other disease diagnosis techniques
such as, laboratory tests, soil test report, tissue test, plant
analysis report, etc.
• The integration of nutrient deficiency module with the
knowledge base needs to be included
Journal of Computer Science and Applications.
ISSN 2231-1270 Volume 3, Number 1 (2011),
pp. 59-71
47. The picture quality is required to be enriched.
The complexities arising in managing rules for large
knowledge base.
Since the computer is lack of common sense, the
programmer should develop the expert system in efficient way.
If he or she does mistake, everything will be collapsed.
Journal of Computer Science and Applications.
ISSN 2231-1270 Volume 3, Number 1 (2011),
pp. 59-71
48. Bridging the gap in the agri supply chain and offering a
communication platform to link farmers to the markets
Both computer-based as well as mobile-based models
E choupal Warana, Grameeen Sanchar Society , REUTERS
MARKET LIGHT , AGMARKNET and LIFELINES
Amongst the promoters are public sector, not-for-profit sector
and private sector companies who are targeting the major
stakeholder i.e. the farmer, with their unique information delivery
systems.
ICT in Agricultural Supply Chains
49. Mobile companies are also targeting
rural areas with their specific products
and services.
nokia life tool project Airtel and
Reuters Market Light project
50.
51. Applications for whole chain
• Specialized, low-cost solutions;
may not be useable elsewhere
• Special focus on smallholders
• Sustainability unclear
Applications for own suppliers only
• Commercial applications,
generalizable usage
• No special focus on smallholders
• Sustainable model
Private
sector
driven
Public
sector
driven
ICT
applications
and services
for
smallholder
inclusion in
supply chain
Ict in agriculture :e source2011
52. Reuters Market Light (RML)
October 2007
Agricultural market price information, weather as well
as crop advisory information via the mobile phone.
Localized information .
Tracks prices for 250 commodities across 1,000 mandis (with
195 in Maharashtra)
The mode of delivery is via SMS but they expect to include
other modes such as voice and/or WAP in the future
53. ICT-Enabled Kiosks in Rural India Can Help
to Inform Rice Farmers ICT applications can improve linkages
between procurers and smallholders in
indirect ways as well.
These centers (sometimes simple
kiosks;) offer ICT-based access to
information and extension services to
attract farmers to the centers.
Farmers are consumers of household
items and agricultural inputs sold in
these places, but they are also suppliers
of agricultural produce.
farmers have the option of visiting multiple centers nearby, or a
company that procures the major crop grown in a place might
have the sole collection center in the area
Ict in agriculture :e source2011
54. companies build farmers’ trust and loyalty.
Come harvest time, farmers familiar with the center are likely
to sell their produce at the distribution center, which reduces
the company’s cost of procuring raw material.
In exchange, farmers have access to information that improves
the productivity and quality of their crops.
Ict in agriculture :e source2011
55. The example cited most often is that of ITC’s e-Choupal service,
an extensive network of kiosks—6,500, in 40,000 villages reaching
approximately 4 million farmers—where farmers access an
extensive array of information (prices, weather, expert advice) for
free.
ITC’s revenues come from its commodity transactions and input
sales at the kiosks. ITC plans to deepen its relationship with farmers
by offering information services via mobile phone (Kumar n.d.).
Ict in agriculture :e source2011
56. Indian Farmer’s Fertilizer Co-Operative Limited (IFFCO)
Kisan Sanchar Limited (IKSL),
DSCL—Haryali Kisan Bazar,
Tata Kisan Sanchar
Gojred Adhar,
Bharti FieldFresh
and Reliance Fresh.
Ict in agriculture :e source2011
57. INNOVATIVE PRACTICE SUMMARY
EID Parry’s Indiagriline Services Improve
Sugarcane Production and Sourcing
Indiagriline is a web-based portal
Supply-chain information comes to
farmers through EID Parry’s Cane
Management Software..
Ict in agriculture :e source2011
58. Primary Rural Wholesale Markets Capitalize on New
Roads, Increased Vegetable Production, and Mobile
Phone Coverage in Assam
Produce for Sale at an Assamese
“Superhaat.”
These markets were booming
The trucker/traders described the
benefits of these larger markets:
They offered sufficient product for sale
to provide choice, they offered a variety of
products, and the turnaround times were
quick, but the critical change was the
extension of the mobile phone network.
.
59. Mass Media Support to Agriculture Extension”.
The scheme utilizes infrastructure of Doordarshan and All India
Radio to broadcast 30 minutes programme on Agriculture five/six
days a week from the following Stations/Kendras:
(a) 96 FM Stations of All India Radio
(b) 180 High/Low power transmitters of Doordarshan
(c) 18 Regional Kendras of Doordarshan
(d) Programme on DD National
60. Kisan Vani from 15th February,
2004 in collaboration with Ministry
of Agriculture to inform local
farmers the daily market rates,
weather reports and day-to-day
activities in their area at a micro
level.
Presently ‘Kisan Vani’ is being
broadcast and relayed from AIR 96
FM Stations.
Kisanvani : a initiative towards
Rural Development
Women empowerment through
Kisanvani
61. In the year 2006-07 Audience Research Unit of DG,AIR has
conducted Radio Audience.
Farmers in most of the states listened to the programmes
related to integrated pest management, cultivation of export
oriented cash crops and about modern agricultural implements.
Subjects the farmers wanted to include in the programme
were about irrigation methods, loans and subsidy scheme of the
government, and farm seeds and seed production etc.
62. Kissan Krishideepam
A weekly Agriculture Television
program - in Malayalam
language that provides select
information on best practices,
success stories, departmental
news, news on various farming
related public programs, market
analysis, cultivation methods,
and analysis of current issues,
etc.
63. IIITMK by agricultural and media experts.
Weekly television program (30 minutes duration) over a
leading satellite channel (Asianet) in Kerala.
More than five million regular viewers across the State and
beyond.
Completed the production and telecast of 370 unbroken
weekly episodes during the last 8 years
.
64. IMPACT OF TELEVISION ON CAPACITY BUILDING
OF FARMERS
• The study was conducted during 2005 to examine the level of farm
televiewing behaviour of the farmers and it’s impact on various capacities
of farmers in Anand District of Gujarat.
• The respondent farmers with favourable farm televiewing behaviour were
observed significantly better than the respondents with unfavourable farm
televiewing behaviour in characteristics like role taking empathy, non
fatalism ,cosmopoliteness economic, motivation, risk orientation, scientific
orientation market orientation, credit orientation, innovation proneness,
attitude towards modern agricultural practices, knowledge regarding
improved animal husbandry practices and overall modernization.
Agric. Sci. Digest, 28 (4) : 301 - 303, 2008
66. Information technologies can be the best way for farmers to update
themselves on information related to agri inputs, credit, markets, weather,
extension advisory and other e-governance services, etc. Both mobile as
well as Internet based models can gain popularity among farmer folk as
each of these offer advantages.
Internet can provide a range of services through an interactive, web-
based interface and multimedia to a large number of beneficiaries at a
minimal cost; however Internet connectivity, electricity availability and
capacity building are some of the challenges before it.
Mobiles, on the other hand are capable of providing customized services
and ensure speedy and timely delivery of information
67. Hence the challenge is how both types of communication technologies
can be used based on region, crop, type of infrastructure availability, and
cost of infrastructure development.
For empowering the farmers through ICTs, there is a need to first have
infrastructural and operational modules, user friendly mode of delivery
and right product-service mix.
However, the most important strategic issue before these models is
how these can be made sustainable on their own?
Whether to charge farmers or have alternate source of income
generation for sustainability remains the important question?
Whether farmers are willing to pay and for what services also needs to
be answered through further research studies in this area.
Editor's Notes
have resulted in their use even within rural homesteads relying on agriculture
on such diversified topics, for example, in pest control, the need to spray, selection of a chemical to spray, mixing and application, optimal machinery management practices, weather damage recovery such as freeze, frost or drought, etc
where in information system, the user can get all the static information about different species, diseases including viruses, pests of tomato fruits and plants, their symptoms, preventions and chemical controls.
EXOWHEM is a web based Expert System developed for the wheat growing farmers of India. It provides the complete information about the Wheat Crop Management in the country. It advises wheat varieties on the basis of area, cultural and climatic conditions and other characteristics of farmer's interest. It also suggests the appropriate cultural practices like field preparation, fertilizer application, schedule of irrigation etc. It guides them in protecting the crop from insects/diseases/weeds etc. It also provides solution to the problems faced by the farmers through online queries.
It is difficult to write knowledge-based rule and place them in proper sequence for larger number of parameters.
have been adopted to spread the information in these countries.
both of which are marketing commodity-specific information packages to farmers.
The supply chain /social network involves farmers, seed producers, fertilizer factories, financial institutions, millers, government, warehouses, fair price shops, retail shops, railways, truck transport companies, etc.
RML was intended to provide farmers with
, thus each subscriber gets information pertinent to his location and/ or subscription parameters.
A phenomenon not limited to India, but highly prevalent there, is agrodealers’ practice of running retail distribution and collection centers in rural areas.
By offering access to information and other services through
their rural centers,
that provides farmers with information to improve productivity and quality, such as market prices,
weather alerts, and advisory and extension assistance as well as supply-chain information
which enables farmers to forecast demand, access records of their previous transactions with the company, register their sugarcane area, submit payment information, and monitor demand, among other services
owing to investments in new rural roads, expanded vegetable production following increased investment in irrigation, and the arrival of larger-scale truckers (with 10-ton vehicles)
to buy product.
The network enabled trucker/ traders to carry out real-time market research with their customers to meet their produce requirements and prices.
AIR has stepped up its activity of Agricultural Broadcasts with the launch of exclusive Project Mass Media Support to Agriculture extension with the title
at 60 places for Primary Channels, 40 Vividh Bharati channels, 14 FM Channels, 4 FM Gold Channels and survey on Kisan-Vani programme at 89 places