This document discusses steel sections used in Pakistani structures. It describes the classification of steel by carbon content and introduces common structural shapes like I-beams, channels, angles, tubes. It provides examples of famous Pakistani steel structures and lists major steel mills. The main steel shapes used are described as bars, angles, channels, T-sections, I-beams and tubes.

1. DETAIL OF STEEL SECTIONS
USED IN PAKISTAN
Submitted by# KAMRAN(19L-2603)

2. SUMMARY
 INTODUCTION
 CLASSFICATION
 PAKISTAN STEEL STRUCTURE
 STEEL STRUCTURE USED AND MANUFACTURED IN PAKISTAN

3. Introduction to Steel
 Steel is nothing but it is a modified form of an
Iron, Because when we add o.o2 to 1.7% of Carbon
and some other material such as Silicon, Nickel,
Manganese and Copper to Iron during its
manufacturing then we call it Alloy or Steel

4. Classification of Steel:
Name of Steel Carbon Content in Steel
Very Low Carbon Steel <0.1%
Mild Steel Up to 0.25%
Medium Carbon Steel 0.25-0.7%
High Carbon Steel 0.7%-1.5%

5. Introduction to Structure
 A structure is a series of connected elements that
form together a system that can resist a series of
external load effects applied to it, which includes
its own self weight, and provide adequate rigidity.
In civil engineering, a structure is usually made up
of
Beams
Columns
Cables
Slabs
etc

6. Pakistan famous steel structures
 Chiniot Bridge
 Expo Centre Lahore
 Islamabad Stock Exchange Tower

7. Pakistan steel mills
 A
 Aisha Steel
 Amreli Steels
 I
 International Steels Limited
 Ittefaq Group
 Ittefaq Iron Industries
 M
 Mughal Steel
 P
 Pakistan Steel Mills
 T
 Tuwairqi Steel Mills

8. SHAPES OF STRUCTURAL STEEL USED IN
PAKISTAN
 The cross sectional properties of a steel member are identified by its shape.
 The various names given to the members of different shapes are Angles ; T-
section; Isection; Z-section; Channel; H-section….and so on .
 Each shape has its particular use in steel structures

9. SHAPES OF STRUCTURAL STEE
 BARS

10. BARS
 Used as ties and lateral bindings.

If threaded at the ends or looped at end,used
as tension members.

Types according to manufacturing process:
1. Cold Rolled Steel Bar
2. Hot Rolled Steel Bar
3. Galvanized Steel Bar
 Types according to shapes:
1. Round bars
2. Square bars
3. Hexagonal bars
4. Flat bars

11. ANGLE SECTIONS

12. ANGLE SECTIONS
 Used especially in the construction of steel roof trusses and filler joist floors.
 May be of equal or unequal legs.

13. CHANNELS

14. CHANNELS
 Used as structural members of steel-framed
structures.
 Consists of web with two equal flanges.

15. T-SECTIONS

16. T-SECIONS
 Widely used as members of steel roof trusses
and to form built up sections.
 It is designated by overall dimension and
thickness.

17. I-SECTIONS

18. I-SECTIONS
 These are properly known as the rolled steel joists or beams.
 It consist of two flanges connected by a web.
 I-sections are used in beams and columns.
 It is best suited to resist bending moment and
shearing force

19. STEEL TUBES

20. STEEL TUBES
 The steel tubes are used as columns and compression members and in some
cases it also acts as a tension member in tubular trusses.
 The steel tubes are efficient structural sections to be used as compressive
members.
 Steel tube sections have equal radius of gyration in all directions.

21. Thank you