This document discusses geothermal energy. It defines renewable energy and geothermal energy, explaining that geothermal energy comes from the heat within the Earth's core. It describes how geothermal energy can be harnessed through systems that use hot water or steam to generate electricity. While geothermal has benefits like providing reliable baseload power, developing sites can impact fragile ecosystems if not done sustainably. The future potential of geothermal is large if technologies are applied and advanced. It concludes by outlining nine reasons to support geothermal energy development.

1. Group:Group:
1.Zainab Abd
2.Kaziwa Kwa
3.Aso ahmed
4.Alan qader
5.Mohamad chapok
6.Sangr sardar
7.karwan fatah
8.Farhad salh
Names:
Under the super vision of:Under the super vision of:
Dr.FalakDr.Falak

2. outlineoutline
• Renewable Energy/definitionRenewable Energy/definition
• What is geothermal EnergyWhat is geothermal Energy
• Where Geothermal Energy comes fromWhere Geothermal Energy comes from
• The Benefits of Geothermal powerThe Benefits of Geothermal power
• The Cost to the EnvironmentThe Cost to the Environment
• The Future of Geothermal PowerThe Future of Geothermal Power
• Reasons to Support Geothermal EnergyReasons to Support Geothermal Energy

3. Renewable Energy
Renewable Energy:Renewable Energy:
Is any energy source that is naturallyIs any energy source that is naturally
replenished,like that derived from:replenished,like that derived from:
• SolarSolar
• WindWind
• BiomassBiomass
• HydroelectricHydroelectric
• GeothermalGeothermal

4. What is geothermal energy?What is geothermal energy?
Geothermal energy is the name given to theGeothermal energy is the name given to the
naturally occurring heat energy that is availablenaturally occurring heat energy that is available
below the earth’s surface. (this name comes frombelow the earth’s surface. (this name comes from
geo ,meaning earth, and thermal meaning heat) sogeo ,meaning earth, and thermal meaning heat) so
geothermal means earth-heat.geothermal means earth-heat.

5. Where Geothermal energy comes from?Where Geothermal energy comes from?
The answer is the earth itself, the geothermal heat isThe answer is the earth itself, the geothermal heat is
produced by the core of the earth itself. You mayproduced by the core of the earth itself. You may
not think that energy to be much when comparednot think that energy to be much when compared
to the sun but you would be wrong is someto the sun but you would be wrong is some
aspects. The Earth’s core alone is 11,000 degrees.aspects. The Earth’s core alone is 11,000 degrees.
That is hotter than the surface of the sun. TheThat is hotter than the surface of the sun. The
Earth’s geothermal energy is created by the decayEarth’s geothermal energy is created by the decay
of radioactive materials in the core and in theof radioactive materials in the core and in the
surrounding layers of rock.surrounding layers of rock.

6. Harnessing Geothermal energy/benefits
The heat energy transferred from the mantle to theThe heat energy transferred from the mantle to the
waters in the earth’s crust can be harnessed towaters in the earth’s crust can be harnessed to
create electricity. This can happen in threecreate electricity. This can happen in three
different ways. Dry steam reservoirs harness thedifferent ways. Dry steam reservoirs harness the
energy of geysers to produce electricity. Wetenergy of geysers to produce electricity. Wet
steam reservoirs use recycled water to makesteam reservoirs use recycled water to make
steam deep in the geothermal wells that aresteam deep in the geothermal wells that are
heated by the mantle of the earth. Hot waterheated by the mantle of the earth. Hot water
reservoirs create a supply of heated water fromreservoirs create a supply of heated water from
underground sources that can be used to heatunderground sources that can be used to heat
homes and businesses.homes and businesses.

7. How is heat energy accessed?How is heat energy accessed?
The stored heat energy is accessed by using aThe stored heat energy is accessed by using a
carrier to bring it up to the surface.carrier to bring it up to the surface.
The carrier used presently is water. This works inThe carrier used presently is water. This works in
one of two ways:one of two ways:
• Drilling wells down into deep reservoirs of hotDrilling wells down into deep reservoirs of hot
water. The hot water then naturally rises to thewater. The hot water then naturally rises to the
surface. (see figure8) orsurface. (see figure8) or
• Pumping cold water through a well that reachesPumping cold water through a well that reaches
down into hot rocks, which heat the water. Thedown into hot rocks, which heat the water. The
hot water is then pumped back up to the surfacehot water is then pumped back up to the surface
through separate well. (see figure9.)through separate well. (see figure9.)

8. Figure8: Generating electricity in geothermal power station using hot waterFigure8: Generating electricity in geothermal power station using hot water
from a hot water reservoir. The hot water rises up a well and it’s heat energyfrom a hot water reservoir. The hot water rises up a well and it’s heat energy
is used. Then now cool water is returned to the reservoir via another well, tois used. Then now cool water is returned to the reservoir via another well, to
be re-heated.be re-heated.

9. Figure 9

10. The cost to the EnvironmentThe cost to the Environment
Geothermal power is considered a nonpollutingGeothermal power is considered a nonpolluting
source of energy, but it does have some serioussource of energy, but it does have some serious
environmental drawbacks. Often, to develop aenvironmental drawbacks. Often, to develop a
geothermal site, fragile.geothermal site, fragile.
Ecosystems must be disturbed. Roads must be builtEcosystems must be disturbed. Roads must be built
to the sites, which are usually remote because theto the sites, which are usually remote because the
land around geothermal vents is usually tooland around geothermal vents is usually too
unstable for human habitation. Wells must oftenunstable for human habitation. Wells must often
be dug, which disrupts the natural flow ofbe dug, which disrupts the natural flow of
groundwater. These actions can impact thegroundwater. These actions can impact the
surrounding habitat if site development is notsurrounding habitat if site development is not
managed correctly.managed correctly.

11. The future of Geothermal powerThe future of Geothermal power
Currently there are about twenty countries that harness
the power of geothermal energy. The united states
produces about 45 percent of all geothermal power in
the world. Some scientists believe these numbers will
increase, as they think the potential for geothermal
power has not even begun to be explored. Simply
using today’s technology and applying it to all
available geothermal sites would increase the output
of electricity from about 8,240 megawatts to 70,000
megawatts. Using technologies that are being
currently researched could increase this figure to as
much as 138,000 megawatts. This would be enough
power to continuously satisfy about 8 percent of all
the energy needs in the world.

12. Reasons to support Geothermal EnergyReasons to support Geothermal Energy
1.1. Geothermal power is reliable powerGeothermal power is reliable power
2.2. Geothermal power creates jobs and spursGeothermal power creates jobs and spurs
economic growtheconomic growth
3.3. Geothermal energy promotes national securityGeothermal energy promotes national security
4.4. Geothermal is environmentally friendlyGeothermal is environmentally friendly
5.5. Geothermal supports local economicGeothermal supports local economic
developmentdevelopment
6.6. Geothermal is a versatile energy resourceGeothermal is a versatile energy resource
7.7. Geothermal makes good economic senseGeothermal makes good economic sense
8.8. Geothermal uses humanly approachableGeothermal uses humanly approachable
technololgytechnololgy
9.9. Geothermal energy is widely availableGeothermal energy is widely available