Geothermal energy is a renewable energy source that harnesses heat from within the earth. It can be extracted from geothermal reservoirs found in areas with geysers, hot springs, volcanoes, and boiling mud pots, where hot water and steam are trapped in porous rock. This heat energy can be used directly, such as for heating buildings and greenhouses, or indirectly for electricity generation in dry steam, flash steam, or binary cycle power plants. While geothermal energy has advantages of being continuously available and having little environmental impact, development is limited by high upfront costs and the risk of reservoirs running dry or releasing harmful gases.

1. Geothermal Energy
--- a renewable energy source for electricity generation ---
Submitted by-
Abhijeet Agarwal
M.Tech 2nd Year
1704301

2. Outlines
Introduction
Geothermal Reservoirs
Extraction & Uses of Geothermal Energy
Electricity Generation
Cost
Geothermal Energy in India
Pros and Cons
Conclusion

3. Introduction
What is Geothermal Energy ?
It’s simply the heat energy of
the earth, generated by various
natural processes, such as:
1.heat from when the planet formed
and accreted, which has not yet been
lost
2.decay of radioactive elements
3.friction
etc……
The deeper you go, the hotter it is !!!

4. Geothermal Reservoirs
Reservoirs can be suspected in the areas where we find :-
Geyser
Boiling mud pot
Volcano
Hot springs

5. Geothermal Reservoirs (cont.)
The rising hot water &
steam is trapped in
permeable & porous
rocks to form a
geothermal reservoir.
Reservoirs can be
discovered by
 testing the soil
 analyzing
underground temperature

6. Extraction & uses
The heat energy can be brought to earth surface by
following ways..
 directly from hot springs/ geysers
 geothermal heat pump
Uses are broadly classified as:-
direct use
indirect use

7. Direct use of Geothermal Energy
Hot springs, used as spas.
Heating water at fish farms.
Provide heat for buildings.
Raising plants in greenhouses,
drying crops.
Provides heat to
industrial processes.

8. Indirect use of Geothermal Energy
Electricity Generation:

9. Electricity Generation (cont.)
There are 3 types of power plants:-
 Dry steam power plant
Flash steam power plant
Binary cycle power plant

10. Geothermal Energy in India

11. Geothermal Energy in India (cont)
Geothermal provinces are estimated to produce 10,600 MW
of power (experts are confident only to the extent of 100
MW)
Geothermal provinces in India: the Himalayas, Sohana, West
coast, Cambay, Son-Narmada-Tapi , Godavari, and Mahanadi
Reykjavík Geothermal will assist Thermax to set up a pilot
project in Puga Valley, Ladakh (Jammu & Kashmir)
First operational commercial geothermal power plant is likely
to come up in AP with a capacity of 25 MW by Geosyndicate
Pvt Ltd.

12. Geothermal Performance Comparison

13. Geothermal Performance Comparison

14. Advantages
Available all the year around.
Does not involve any combustion of fuel.
Independent of weather
Clean Resource – Very little emissions or
overall environmental impact.
Economically Sound Alternative – The fuelis
free, rate / KWh likely to be competitive
Overall, geothermal energy is a sustainable
resource.

15. Disadvantages
Not widespread source of energy
High installation costs
Can run out of steam
May release harmful gases
Transportation
Earthquakes

16. Conclusion
Geothermal heating system can replace fossil fuel heating
system in a particular area.
Annual costs for common heating purposes can be reducedby
more than 60%.
Continued energy shortages have created added interest in
geothermal energy for power generation.
Potential exists to provide all energy requirements in the
U.S
Geothermal energy appears to be a partial solution to our
energy needs.