This Presentation shows what is Geothermal Energy and how can we use it and what are the types of the plant setup can be done and what will be done for this India and how much it generates the power in terms of a watt in India.
amazing ppt on geothermal energy - how it's extracted ,types of engines ,their description and its pros and cons,future of geothermal energy,technology required etc
Our earth’s interior - like the sun – provides energy from nature. This heat – geothermal energy – yields warmth and power that we can use without polluting the environment.
Geothermal heat originates from Earth’s fiery consolidation of dust and gas over 4 billion years ago. At earth core – 4,000 miles deep – temperatures may reach over 9,000 degrees F
Introduction to Geothermal Energy as an effort to spread public awareness on Sustainable Development in accordance with United Nation's Sustainable Development Goals.
This Presentation shows what is Geothermal Energy and how can we use it and what are the types of the plant setup can be done and what will be done for this India and how much it generates the power in terms of a watt in India.
amazing ppt on geothermal energy - how it's extracted ,types of engines ,their description and its pros and cons,future of geothermal energy,technology required etc
Our earth’s interior - like the sun – provides energy from nature. This heat – geothermal energy – yields warmth and power that we can use without polluting the environment.
Geothermal heat originates from Earth’s fiery consolidation of dust and gas over 4 billion years ago. At earth core – 4,000 miles deep – temperatures may reach over 9,000 degrees F
Introduction to Geothermal Energy as an effort to spread public awareness on Sustainable Development in accordance with United Nation's Sustainable Development Goals.
School project on sustainable development for the bilingual section of Technology at the IES Praia Barraña school in Boiro, Galicia, Spain. March, 2016.
Geothermal energy resources, power generation methods like vapour dominated, water dominated, flash steam, binary fluid and total flow concept of power generation
GEOTHERMAL ENERGY, INFO ABOUT GEOTHERMAL ENERGY, HISTORY OF GEOTHERMAL ENERGY, SOURCES OF G.E., EXPLORATION, POWER PLANTS, DRY STEAM, FLASH STEAM, BINARY ETC., THERMAL EFFICIENCY OF POWER PLANT, COST ESTIMATION, USE OF GEOTHERMAL ENERGY, POTENTIAL SITES IN INDIA, RESEARCH CENTERS, ADVANTAGES, FUTURE SCOPE,EXAMPLE.
Geothermal energy
Its a very vast growing energy sector in world many country and use this energy for their country
This slide shows how and where it done.
Geothermal energy is one of the potential alternative energy sources catering to both
industrial and domestic energy requirements in many parts of the world. Presently, it is
being used as a source for producing electricity mainly along active plate boundaries.
Introduction
History of geothermal energy
Geothermal Reservoirs
Uses of Geothermal Energy
Types of geothermal power plants
Pro and Cons
Cost, price and challenges
Geothermal Energy in world and srilanka
Conclusion
Geothermal resources, hydrothermal resources, liquid dominated systems, geopressured resources, petrothermal systems, magma resources, energy conservation & comparison with other resources, applications of geothermal energy
School project on sustainable development for the bilingual section of Technology at the IES Praia Barraña school in Boiro, Galicia, Spain. March, 2016.
Geothermal energy resources, power generation methods like vapour dominated, water dominated, flash steam, binary fluid and total flow concept of power generation
GEOTHERMAL ENERGY, INFO ABOUT GEOTHERMAL ENERGY, HISTORY OF GEOTHERMAL ENERGY, SOURCES OF G.E., EXPLORATION, POWER PLANTS, DRY STEAM, FLASH STEAM, BINARY ETC., THERMAL EFFICIENCY OF POWER PLANT, COST ESTIMATION, USE OF GEOTHERMAL ENERGY, POTENTIAL SITES IN INDIA, RESEARCH CENTERS, ADVANTAGES, FUTURE SCOPE,EXAMPLE.
Geothermal energy
Its a very vast growing energy sector in world many country and use this energy for their country
This slide shows how and where it done.
Geothermal energy is one of the potential alternative energy sources catering to both
industrial and domestic energy requirements in many parts of the world. Presently, it is
being used as a source for producing electricity mainly along active plate boundaries.
Introduction
History of geothermal energy
Geothermal Reservoirs
Uses of Geothermal Energy
Types of geothermal power plants
Pro and Cons
Cost, price and challenges
Geothermal Energy in world and srilanka
Conclusion
Geothermal resources, hydrothermal resources, liquid dominated systems, geopressured resources, petrothermal systems, magma resources, energy conservation & comparison with other resources, applications of geothermal energy
This is the presentation about the Geothermal energy evolving in the world. It describes about different technology and use of it. It is beneficial for students to present this topic in their academic institutions. Also they will get brief knowledge about the geothermal energy from renewable energy.
Geothermal Energy (power point presentaion)Anubhavverma51
1. INTRODUCTION
2. WHY EARTH IS HOT
3. SOURCES OF GEOTHERMAL ENERGY
4. EXPLORATION
5. GEOTHERMAL ENERGY IN INDIA
6. CONVERSION OF GEOTHERMAL ENERGY
7. APPLICATIONS
8. ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES
9. CONCLUSION
Geothermal Energy Resources or Geothermal power plantTesfaye Birara
Energy conversion is the process of changing one form of energy into another, a fundamental capability that enables modern civilization to function. It can occur in various ways, from converting the kinetic energy of wind into mechanical power through windmills to transforming solar energy into electrical energy in solar panels. This transformation is essential not just for daily usage but also for harnessing and utilizing natural resources more efficiently. In the context of rural electrification, this process plays a critical role. By converting available local energy resources into electricity, rural communities can access a stable and reliable power supply. This not only improves the quality of life but also supports economic development by powering homes, schools, businesses, and healthcare facilities. Consequently, energy conversion facilitates the broader goal of rural electrification, demonstrating the interconnection between technological innovation and societal advancement.
Geothermal energy is heat within the earth. The word geothermal comes from the Greek words geo (earth) and therme (heat). Geothermal energy is a renewable energy source because heat is continuously produced inside the earth. People use geothermal heat for bathing, to heat buildings, and to generate electricity.
Global environment outlook:the thermal power energyDavid Stoffel
Global Environment Outlook is the thermal energy. this energy is generated and stored in the Earth. Thermal energy is the energy that determines the temperature of matter. This energy also called geothermal energy.
The geothermal energy of the Earth's crust originates from the original formation of the planet (20%) and from radio active decay of materials (80%).
Geo-Thermal Energy
Introduction
Resources of geo thermal energy
Hydrothermal or Hydro-Geothermal Energy Resources
Petro-thermal or Petro-Geothermal Energy Resources
Geo-pressure Resources
Vapour dominated power plant
Liquid dominated system
Flashed steam system
Binary system
Enhanced Geothermal System
Cost, Price, and Challenges
Advantages
Application of Geothermal Energy
Environmental effects of geothermal energy sources
Indian organizations working in geothermal energy
Geothermal power in India
Geothermal Scenario in India
Scope for Development
Development of Geothermal Resources
India's first Geothermal Energy Power Plant Project in Ladakh
By:
Amar Preet Singh
Academic Experience: 6+ years
Subscribe to My YouTube Channel
https://bit.ly/Amarpreetsingh
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
Francesca Gottschalk from the OECD’s Centre for Educational Research and Innovation presents at the Ask an Expert Webinar: How can education support child empowerment?
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
2. CONTENT
•Earth Structure
•Temperature variation in earth
•Why is the interior of the Earth hot?
•Geothermal Gradient
•What is Geothermal Energy?
•Sources of Geothermal Energy
•Application of Geothermal Energy
•Geothermal Energy Potential- India
•Harmful effects on Environment
•Advantage and Disadvantage of Geothermal
Energy
3. EARTH STRUCTURE
The earth is made up of three different layers:
• the crust
• the mantle
• the core
The crust is the outermost layer of the earth
The mantle which surrounds the core It is made
up of magma and rock.
The core itself has two layers: a solid iron core
and an outer core made of very hot melted
rock, called magma.
The deeper you go, the hotter it gets
5. Why is the interior of the Earth hot?
The interior of Earth is very hot for two main
reasons:
• The heat from when the planet formed,
• The heat from the decay of radioactive isotopes
Heat from the core is constantly radiating outward
The gradual change in temperature with depth from
the surface to the core. is known as the geothermal
gradient.
In most parts of the world, the geothermal gradient
is about 25° C per 1 kilometer of depth
7. What is Geothermal Energy?
Geothermal energy is thermal energy
generated and stored in the Earth.
Geo means Earth
Thermal means Heat
8. Geothermal Energy contd. -
High temperature and pressure in Earth's interior
cause some rock to melt and form magma
Magma exists in the mantle and lower crust, and
sometimes bubbles to the surface as lava due to
tectonic plate movement.
Magma heats nearby rocks and
underground aquifers.
Hot water can be released through geysers, hot
springs, steam vents,
underwater hydrothermal vents, and mud pots.
9. Types of Geothermal Resources?
Geothermal Sources are Classified Based on:
Temperature
Physical State (i.e. water or steam),
Type of Energy Usage
Primary Classification is Resource Temperature:
Low Temperature Reservoir: <125°C
High Temperature Reservoir: >200 °C
10. SOURCES OF GEOTHERMAL ENERGY
Hot water reservoirs
• As the name implies these are reservoirs of hot
underground water
Natural steam reservoirs
• In this case a hole dug into the ground can
cause steam to come to the surface
11. Sources Contd.-
Geo pressured reservoirs
• In this type of reserve, brine completely saturated
with natural gas is stored under pressure beneath
the weight of overlying rock.
• This type of resource can be used for both heat
and for natural gas
Molten magma
• No technology exists to tap into the heat reserves
stored in magma
13. Applications of Geothermal Energy
Direct Application : Geothermal heating and
heat pumps
Indirect Application : Electricity production
14. DIRECT APPLICATION
• Extract heat from low temperature
geothermal resources < 150°C
• Applications sited near source (<10 km)
• A geothermal heat pump or ground source
heat pump (GSHP) is a central heating and/or
cooling system that transfers heat to or from
the ground.
• It uses the earth all the time as a heat source
(in the winter) or a heat sink (in the summer).
18. Geothermal Greenhouse
• This small greenhouse is heated with geothermal
water.
• Plants grow faster and larger when they have
additional heat available.
19. Aquaculture
• The aim of geothermal aquaculture is to heat water
to the optimum temperature for aquatic species.
• This involves the raising of freshwater or marine
organisms in a controlled environment to enhance
production rates
21. Indirect Application: Electricity Production
• Source temperature is higher than 150 °C
• Deep wells are drilled and steam from reservoir
is used to drive turbine and produce electricity
• Depth upto 3-5 km
• Types of Geothermal Power Plant
1. Dry steam
2. Flash steam
3. Binary cycle
22. DrySteam PowerPlants
• Dry steam extractedfrom natural reservoir
o –80-225ºC (356-437ºF)
o 4-8MPa (580-1160psi)
• Directly steamisusedto drivea turbo-generator
• Steamiscondensed and pumped back into the
ground
• Can achieve 1kWhper 6.5kgof steam
A 55MW plant requires100kg/sof steam
24. BinaryCycle PowerPlants
• Transfer the heat from geothermal hot water
to another liquid.
• The heat causes the second liquid to turn to
steam, which is used to drive a generator
turbine.
• Low temps –100oand150oC
• Typically 7to 12%efficent
• 0.1–40MW unitscommon
26. SingleFlashSteam PowerPlants
• take high-pressure hot water from deep inside
the earth and convert it to steam to drive
generator turbines
• Turbinedrivesan electricgenerator
• Generate between 5and100MW
• Use6to 9tonnesof steam per hour
28. Geothermal Energy Potential- India
The potential geothermal provinces can
produce 10,600 MW of power
five times more than the combined output
from all non-conventional energy sources
India is in low and medium heat enthalpy zone
with resource temperature of 100
to 180 °C
30. Most promising geothermal sites
Puga in Jammu & Kashmir
Cambay Graben in Gujarat
Tattapani in Chhattisgarh
Chhumathang in Jammu & Kashmir
Manikaran in Himachal Pradesh
Surajkund in Jharkhand
Ratnagiri in Maharashtra
Rajgir in Bihar
Topaban in Uttarakhand
Sohana belt in Haryana
Bakreshwar in West Bengal
Chintalapudi in Telangana
31. Geothermal Energy Potential in India
http://www.geni.org/globalenergy/library/renewable-energy-
resources/world/asia/geo-asia/geo-india.shtml
32. General Scenario
• Systematic efforts to explore the geothermal energy
resources commenced in 1973
• identification of 340 hot springs and 7 proven
geothermal provinces in India
• At present there are no operational geothermal plants
in India.
Ongoing Projects in India:
• Magneto-telluric investigations in Tattapani geothermal
area in Madhya Pradesh
• Magneto-telluric investigations in Puga geothermal
area in Ladakh region, Jammu & Kashmir
33. Indian organizations Participation
• Central Electricity Authority
• Geological Survey of India
• Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai
• Regional Research Laboratory, Jammu
• National Geophysical Research Institute,
Hyderabad
• Oil and Natural Gas Corporation, Dehradun
34. EFFECTS ON THE ENVIRONMENT
DEPLETION OF RESOURCES:
• removes heat from natural reservoirs at over 10 times
their rate of replenishment
SUBSIDENCE :
• Extracting geothermal fluids can reduce the pressure
in underground reservoirs and cause the land to sink
POLLUTING WATERWAYS :
• Geothermal fluids contain elevated levels of arsenic,
mercury, lithium and boron
• These pollutants can damage aquatic life and make
the water unsafe for drinking or irrigation.
35. Air emissions :
• Geothermal fluids contain dissolved gases which are
released into the atmosphere.
• The main toxic gases are carbon dioxide (CO2) and
hydrogen sulfide (H2S).
hot reservoirs used to extract geothermal energy are natural resources within the Earth
carbon footprint is rather tiny in comparison to fossil fuel energy production
– one eight of the carbon emissions associated with a typical coal power plant
Geothermal power plants have a power output that can be easily calculated with a high level of accuracy
http://energyinformative.org/geothermal-energy-pros-and-cons/
https://www.renewableresourcescoalition.org/geothermal-energy-pros-cons/
associated with sulfur dioxide and silica emissions
contain traces of toxic heavy metals including mercury, arsenic and boron
heavy digging deep under the Earth’s surface, there’s the potential of altering its structure. This can lead to tectonic shifts large enough to cause earthquakes.
$2 – 7 million for a geothermal power plant with a capacity of 1 megawatt (MW).
Ground source heat pumps typically costs $3,000 – $10,000 and have a payback time of 10 – 20 years
only certain zones where geothermal power is an option
Issues with Sustainability
http://energyinformative.org/geothermal-energy-pros-and-cons/
https://www.renewableresourcescoalition.org/geothermal-energy-pros-cons/