This document summarizes the present status of vegetable production in Nepal. It provides data on the total cultivated area, production, and productivity of vegetables from 2008-2017. The largest cultivated crops include tomatoes, cabbage, cauliflower, and potatoes. It also discusses the trends in major vegetable groups like solanaceous, cruciferous, and cucurbitaceous vegetables. Finally, it outlines some of the governmental, non-governmental, and private organizations involved in promoting vegetable production and marketing in Nepal.

1. Present Status of Vegetable Production
and Different Organization Involved
Presenter:
Subash Sapkota
HRT-12M-2019

2. Introduction
• Vegetable farming is one of the alternative sources of earning
livelihood and becoming important agricultural practices for
income generation and employment opportunities
• Vegetable farming has been widely adopted by the people across
the country as a part of their employment
• In the year 2074/75 BS, the total cultivated area of the country
is about 3.09 million hectare, among which vegetable crops
occupy 9.27 % of total cultivated agricultural land (Krishi Diary,
2019)
• The vegetable crops occupy 9.71% of the total agriculture
GDP (MOAD, 2015)

3. Introduction contd..
• Total area 2,86,864 ha , production 39,58,230 M ton with the
productivity of 10.312 M ton /ha (MoAD, 2018)
• Terai accommodates most of the vegetable holding
• Nowadays vegetable production becoming a emerging high
profitable business for semi urban and rural place having good
transport facilities
• Roof top farming, vertical vegetable garden, and hydroponics
contribution in total vegetable production also increasing
• Annual production of seed: 308 Mton
• Seed demand: more than 1800 Mton

4. Table 1. Vegetable: area, production and productivity trend, 2016/17
(Source: Statistical Information on Nepalese Agriculture)
• Production and yield of overall vegetable sector over past 40 years
(1977/78 - 2017/18), the trend of area under cultivation jumped
by 222.8%, while production is increased by 728.21% and
productivity is increased by 156.6% (Ghimire, Lamsal, Poudel,
Khatri, & Bhusal, 2018)
Year Area (Ha.) Prod. (Mt.) Productivity(Mt./Ha)
2008/2009 225,154 2,754,406 12.23
2009/2010 235,098 3,003,821 12.78
2010/1011 244,102 3,203563 13.12
2011/2012 245,037 3,298,816 13.46
2012/2013 246,393 3,301,684 13.40
2013/2014 254,932 3,421,035 13.42
2014/2015 266,937 3,580,085 13.41
2015/2016 280,207 3,929,034 13.99
2016/2017 277,393 3,749,802 13.51

5. 11
11.5
12
12.5
13
13.5
14
14.5
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
3,500,000
4,000,000
4,500,000
2008/2009 2009/2010 2010/1011 2011/2012 2012/2013 2013/2014 2014/2015 2015/2016 2016/2017
Area (Ha.) Prod. (Mt.) Productivity(Mt./Ha)
Fig 1: Vegetable: area, production and productivity trend, 2016/17

6. Geographic region Area (Ha.) Prod. (Mt.) Productivity(Mt./Ha)
Eastern development region 82,274 1,074,926 13.65
Central development region 99,357 1,373,016 13.81
Western development region 37,444 517,222 13.81
Mid-western development region 33854 393,338 11.61
Far-western development region 24,781 339,462 13.69
Table 2. Vegetable: area, production and productivity in different geographic region,
2016/17
(Source: Statistical Information on Nepalese Agriculture)

7. Table 3. Status of common vegetable produced in Nepal, 2016/17
S.N. Name of vegetable Area (Ha.) Prod. (Mt.) Productivity(Mt./Ha)
1 Cauliflower 35,974 534,141 15
2 Cabbage 29,373 4,85,199 17
3 Broccoli 1,986 20,048 10
4 Tomato 21,389 400,674 19
5 potato 1,99,971 2806582 14
6 Radish 17,687 263,346 15
7 Carrot 3,551 37,525 11
8 Capsicum 1,192 12,372 10
9 Peas 6,770 56,044 8
10 Chilli 8,939 96,707 11
11 Okra 10,694 113,676 11
12 Brinjal 8,362 124,216 15
13 Onion 19,600 237,017 12
14 Cucumber 9,691 148,702 15
15 Pumpkin 7,523 109,180 15
16 Sponge gourd 8,117 94,927 12
17 Bottle gourd 9,144 135,156 15
Source: MOAD, 2018

8. Trends of Solanacious vegetables with their respective area, production
and productivity, 2016/17
Vegetables Parameters 2011/12 2012/13 2013/14 2014/15 2015/16 2016/17
tomato
Area(ha) 17538 19728 17273 19725 20046 21,389
Production(Mt) 282481 298594 232897 331736 386824.6 400,674
Yield(Mt/ha) 16.1 15.1 13.5 16.8 19.3 19
EggPlant
Area(ha) 9157 9276 8352 9231 8680.4 8,362
Production(Mt) 121806 124669 119528 131405 128029.5 124,216
Yield(Mt/ha) 13.3 13.4 14.3 14.2 14.7 15
Chilli
Area(ha) 7538 8908 7666 8239 9580.8 8,939
Production(Mt) 55839 53688 61686 74902 95931.2 96,707
Yield(Mt/ha) 7.4 6 8 9.1 10 11
Capsicum
Area(ha) 1062 1112 1318 1114 1183.8 1,192
Production(Mt) 10499 10587 14216 11516 12369.3 12,372
Yield(Mt/ha) 9.9 9.5 10.8 10.3 10.4 10
Source: MOAD, 2018

9. Trend of solanacious veg. contd..
• Among the different solanaceous vegetables grown in Nepal, tomato,
eggplant, chilli and capsicum are the major ones
• In the year 2015/16, this group shares 15.8% of total area (39491 ha) and
16.8% of total production (623154.6 Mt) of vegetables in the country
• whereby tomato has the highest share of 8.0 percent in area under cultivation
(20046 ha) and 10.5 percent in total vegetables production of the country
(386824.6 Mt).
• Total production of potato in 2017/18 was 2806582 ton from area of 199971
ha with a productivity of 14 ton/ha.

10. Trends of major vegetables Cruciferae family with their respective area,
production and productivity, 2016/17
Vegetables Parameters 2011/12 2012/13 2013/14 2014/15 2015/16 2016/17
Cauli-flower
Area(ha) 32630 34065 33880 34704 34967
35,974
Production(Mt) 491834 524205 352535 494765 550044.8
534,141
Yield(Mt/ha) 15.1 15.4 10.4 14.3 15.7
15
Cabbage
Area(ha) 27916 27445 27026 27679 28071.4
29,373
Production(Mt) 448980 468284 370660 453600 484036.8
4,85,199
Yield(Mt/ha) 16.1 17.1 13.7 16.4 17.2
17
Radish
Area(ha) 17998 18415 18190 18188 16915.7
17,687
Production(Mt) 262203 266112 272152 263215 268119.6
263,346
Yield(Mt/ha) 14.6 14.5 15 14.5 15.9
15
(Source: MOAD, 2017)

11. Trend of Cruciferous veg. contd..
• Major cruciferous vegetables grown in Nepal: cauliflower, cabbage and
radish
• In the year 2015/16, this group shares 32% of total area and 35.1% of
total production of vegetables in the country
• During the period of 5 years (2011/12 - 2015/16), cruciferous
vegetables have an increasing trend in area, production and yield except
for the area under cultivation for radish which has declined by 6.0%
• There has been decline in production of cruciferous vegetables (32.7% in
cauliflower and 20.8% in cabbage) in the year 2013/14 along with
decline in area under cultivation (0.5% in cauliflower and 1.5% in
cabbage) and decline in yield (32.4% in cauliflower and 19.6% in
cabbage).

12. Trends of major Cucurbitaceous vegetables with their respective area,
production and productivity, 2016/17
Vegetables Parameters 2011/12 2012/13 2013/14 2014/15 2015/16 2016/17
Bottle Gourd
Area(ha) 6206 5933 6472 7207 8611.5 9,144
Production(Mt) 102750 97155 102809 108208 129798.1 135,156
Yield(Mt/ha) 16.6 16.4 15.9 15 15.1 15
Bitter Gourd
Area(ha) 6453 6426 7047 8113 10082.2
Production(Mt) 88937 89053 100961 112309 132350.1
Yield(Mt/ha) 13.8 13.9 14.3 13.8 13.1
Cucumber
Area(ha) 8500 8970 8789 9708 9396.8 9,691
Production(Mt) 124262 127918 129266 150051 159041.8 148,702
Yield(Mt/ha) 14.6 14.3 14.7 15.5 16.9 15
Pumpkin
Area(ha) 6336 6136 6733 7380 7203.4 7,523
Production(Mt) 92773 91961 97569 106547 103169.6 109,180
Yield(Mt/ha) 14.6 15 14.5 14.4 14.3 15
(Source: MOAD, 2018)

13. Trend of Cucurbitaceous veg. contd..
• Major cucurbitaceous vegetables: bottle gourd, bitter gourd, cucumber,
and pumpkin
• In the year 2015/16, this group shares 14.1% of total area (35293.9 ha)
and 14.16% of total production of vegetables in the country (524359.6
Mt) whereby bitter gourd has the highest share (4 %) in area under
cultivation (10082.2 ha) and cucumber has the highest share (4.3 %) in
total vegetables production of the country (159041.8 Mt).
• On analysing recent 5 years (2011/12 - 2015/16) trend of major
cucurbitaceous vegetables, each vegetable has an increasing trend in
area and production while there is an declining trend in yield of all
vegetables except for the yield of cucumber which was increased by
15.8%

14. Trends of major vegetables of Amaryllidaceae, Leguminosae and Malvaceae
family with their respective area, production and productivity, 2016/17
Vegetables Parameters 2011/12 2012/13 2013/14 2014/15 2015/16
Onion
Area(ha) 20593 17740 18698 20712 20070
Production(Mt) 286467 245102 242675 248584 238590.7
Yield(Mt/ha) 13.9 13.8 13 12 11.9
Garlic
Area(ha) 5911 5904 6569 7119 7551
Production(Mt) 40630 40757 45035 44723 50426
Yield(Mt/ha) 6.9 6.9 6.9 6.3 6.7
Cowpea
Area(ha) 4224 4273 4086 4599 4620.7
Production(Mt) 35223 37149 38523 45287 56790.1
Yield(Mt/ha) 8.3 8.7 9.4 9.8 12.3
French
Bean
Area(ha) 3841 1594 2044 2087 2869.8
Production(Mt) 15177 14210 16087 18688 24953.3
Yield(Mt/ha) 4 8.9 7.9 9 8.7
Okra
Area(ha) 9609 9619 10600 10613 10781.4
Production(Mt) 108806 109268 120660 118585 122101.6
Yield(Mt/ha) 11.3 11.4 11.4 11.2 11.3
(Source: MOAD, 2017)

15. Different organization involved in vegetable
industry
• Governmental, Non-governmental (NGO) and international non-
governmental organization(INGO) in promoting vegetable production
and marketing through training and empowerment
Governmental Organization
Prime Minister Agriculture Modernization Project
Krishi Gyan Kendra under Provincial government
Vegetable crops development centre, Khumaltar, Lalitpur under NARC
Universities as AFU, TU and PU
NGO’s and INGO’s
International Fund for Agriculture Development (IFAD)
Food and agriculture organization(FAO)
Micro Enterprise Development Programme
United Nation Development Programme(UNDP)

16. Japnease International Cooperation Agency (JAICA)
International Development Enterprise (iDE Nepal)
HELVETAS Nepal
The Center for Environmental and Agricultural Policy Research, Extension and
Development (CEAPRED’s)
Local Initiatives for Biodiversity, Research and Development (LI-BIRD)
Private production and marketing companies
 Golyan Agro Trade (marketing Mato brand recently started inaugurating outlet
at sanepa kathmandu)
Metro tarkari.com (online marketing Kathmandu only)
Green Growth Nepal (organic product online marketing Kathmandu only)
Paicho Pasal ( fresh vegetable marketing esp. butwal from Gulmi and like
district)

17. HASERA Agriculture Research and Training Centre
Seed companies
• National seed companies limited
• Sean seed company limited
• Everest seed company
• Annapurna seeds

18. PMAMP: Zone and Super-zone
• Duration: 2016 to 2025 AD
• 10 ha for a one pocket , 100 ha for a block, 500 ha for a zone and
1,000 ha for a super zone
Super-zone
• vegetable superzone: Kaski
• Potato superzone: Dadeldhura and Kavre
Zone
• Vegetable zone (9) : Dhankuta, Rautahat, Makwanpur, Dhading,
Chitwan, Tanahun, Palpa, kapilbastu and Arghakhanchi
• Potato zone (4) : Okhaldhunga, Bhaktapur, Baglung and Achham
• Vegetable seed zone: Rukum (west)

19. Conclusion
• Hence, comparative advantage of vegetable over other crops ,
employment opportunity, high income prospects from
commercial production, growing national and international
market and government policies and plans helps to bring up
the vegetable business in the country through increasing
production area. Involvement of big corporate house like
Golyan group in vegetable production denotes the improving
status and signifies food sufficiency in vegetable soon.
Increasing the vegetable seed companies and marketing
bashed companies in big cities denotes the remarkable benefit
in the field.