This document summarizes a presentation on radial feeder protection concepts. It discusses the components of a radial feeder distribution system and protective schemes to avoid malfunctions. It then describes the setup of a radial feeder protection panel that students can use to learn fundamentals of protection. Electromechanical relays, wiring diagrams, and photos of the physical panel are shown. The conclusion discusses how faults can be protected against and how the hands-on project helps students understand basic protection terminology.

1. “A Review of Radial Feeder
Protection Concept”
Presented By… Guided By…
Himanshu H Paghdal Asst.Prof. Manan M Desai
Head Of Department

2. OUTLINE
Title
Authors
Abstract
Turning research into publications
The journal submission process
The peer review process
Question-and-answer session
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A Review of Radial
Feeder Protection
Concept

3. ABSTRACT
 This paper represents the work done in the field of distribution system.
Power distribution systems are the portion of electrical systems that
connects consumers to the source of bulk power. Distribution System
consists of several substations which includes one or more feeders. Radial
feeder system consists of having only one path for power to flow from the
source to each consumer. The protective systems of radial feeder are
essential for the same. In this paper we understand various protective
schemes to avoid malfunctioning of electromechanical relay). Through this
paper we are preparing operation of radial feeder protection as real
substation environment. Through this protection concept, the students, in
addition to getting familiar with the fundamentals of protection, learned how
different protection schemes are wired and how they operate in a real
power system.
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A Review of Radial
Feeder Protection
Concept

4. Radial Feeder Distribution System
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Feeder Protection
Concept
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5. TURNING REVIEW INTO PUBLICATION
 W. T. Huang, T. H. Chen, G. C. Pu, Y. F. Hsu, and T. Y. Guo, “Assessment of
upgrading existing primary feeders from radial to normally closed loop
arrangement,” in Proc. 2002 IEEE Power Engineering Society Transmission
and Distribution Conf., 2002
+
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A Review of Radial
Feeder Protection
Concept

6. Types of Protection
1.)Over Current
2.)Under Current
3.)Earth Fault
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A Review of Radial
Feeder Protection
Concept

7. Basic requirement of protection
 A protection apparatus has three main functions
(A)
The entire system to maintain
continuity of supply
(B)
Minimum damage and repair
costs where it sense fault
(C)
Ensure safety of operation
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A Review of Radial
Feeder Protection
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8. Simple working Methodology of Protection
Circuit Abbreviations
Bus Charged bus bar
CB Circuit Breaker
Trip Coil  Tripping coil of CB
Trip Contact NC contact of
Protective Relay
Relay Protective Relay
CT Current Transformer
Feeder Power Distribution
feeder
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Feeder Protection
Concept

9. Simple working Methodology of Protection
• Voltage is flowing from Bus bar to Feeder. In between the circuit
breaker is installed.
• the tripping coil of CB is charged by external supply.
• Here this external voltage is generating from battery. And the
voltage is flowing from NC contact of Protective relay to tripping coil
of circuit breaker. That means this NC contact of relay is tripping
contact for Circuit breaker.
• The CT (current Transformer) is measuring the actual current
flowing from feeder.
• When the current will rise grater then sated at relay, the relay will trip
and supply is going to the CB coil will trip also.
• And finally the circuit breaker will trip also.
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A Review of Radial
Feeder Protection
Concept

10. Components mounting at Panel
• Here is the GA drawing of Panel.
• Connector is the starting and ending
point of all wires.
• At the connector we have to inject
the current from current injection kit.
• O/C R-1 and O/C R-2 indicators are
over load or under load indications.
• Power On Light is indicating the
Power is ON.
• A-meter is showing the running
actual current.
• O/C R-1is Over load current relay,
E/F R is Earth fault tripping relay and
O/C R-2 is Under load current relay.
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A Review of Radial
Feeder Protection
Concept

11. Quotation of Components are used in panel manufacturing
“Soham”, 6/11, Govt.Co.Op. Housing Society, 150 Feet Raiya Road, B/h. Kidvainagar, Rajkot – 360 005.
Email : niyati_engineers@rediffmail.com, niyati.engineers@sify.com
Ref. No. Date : 26/9/2015
To,
H.O.D Electrical
Dr. Subhas Technical Campus.-JUNAGADH.
Subject.
Quatation For Radial Feeder Project.
Dear Sir,
With reference to the above please find our Budgetary Brief proposals as under :
BILL OF MATERIAL FOR POWER PANEL
Sr. No item Rating Qty Price of item Total price
1
Over Current Relay (2 OC + 1 EF) Electro
Mechanical Relay 11kv 2 14500 29000
2Digital Voltage. Meter 1 850 850
3Digital Amp. Meter 1 850 850
4MCB 10ka C Curve 6A 1 750 750
5Toggle Switch 2A 3 45 135
6Relay 2 no+nc 6A 3 275 825
7CT Short Link Terminal 12 125 1500
8LED indicator 230V AC 6 45 270
9Push button With Elements 6 80 480
10Flexible Wire (in meters) 1 sqmm 20 14 280
11Nut, bots, lugs Etc. 1 500 500
12Panel Box. 1 2000 2000
TOTAL 37440
We hope that the offer will be in line with your requirement and favour us with order please feel free to contact us in case you have any quarries.
Thanking you,
_________________________________
For, Niyati Engineers
Note: [1] Payment 30% WITH IN 7 DAYS FROM THE DATE OF BILL ,Balance 50% - 30 days credit
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A Review of Radial
Feeder Protection
Concept

12. Wiring Diagram
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Feeder Protection
Concept

13. Wiring Connection
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Feeder Protection
Concept

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Feeder Protection
Concept
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Electromechanical Relay

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Feeder Protection
Concept
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Feeder Protection
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17. Wiring Components
o/c , e/f alarm
Indicator
Sheathed 1 Sq.
Mm yellow Co-
axial Cables
Toggle switch
Over current
relay (inverse)
type CDG
o/c , e/f Trip
indicator
o/c , e/f Ampere
meter
Current Injection
kit
Earth fault relay
(inverse) type
CDG
Timer MCB
Panel Cabinet
box
Lugs
230V AC/DC
Timer
Connectors
Digital Clamp on
meter
Current injection
Transformer
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A Review of Radial
Feeder Protection
Concept

18. Future scope
Tripping at ends of Radial
Feeders
Single and Three Phase
Protection
Fast tripping with communications
system Phase and earth fault protection
Very low overshoot
Double-pole or single-pole circuit
breaker control
Time delayed tripping without
communications
Time delayed tripping without
communications
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A Review of Radial
Feeder Protection
Concept

19. Radial Feeder Panel Setup
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A Review of Radial
Feeder Protection
Concept

20. Conclusion
 From this project, we can protect in distribution system by mostly
affecting faults like over current and earth fault with the use of over
current and earth fault relay.
 Use of PSM and TSM, we can trip the relay by different types of
timing situation and current.
 By this set-up, we can study and to understand the basics of
terminology. In addition of this project, the electromechanical relay
has limited used purpose. We occupied the fault very accurately.
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Feeder Protection
Concept

21. Video
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Feeder Protection
Concept
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Feeder Protection
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