Cognitive psychology is a relatively young branch of psychology, yet it has quickly grown to become one of the most popular subfields. Few Practical Application of Cognitive Psychology(Science),Thinking, decision-making/increasing decision making accuracy, problem-solving, learning /structuring educational curricula to enhance learning , attention,Memory/Improving memory, forgetting, and
language acquisition.
But what exactly is cognitive psychology?
What do cognitive psychologists do?
Structuralism was the first school of psychology and focused on breaking down mental processes into the most basic components. Researchers tried to understand the basic elements of consciousness using a method known as introspection. Wilhelm Wundt, founder of the first psychology lab, is often associated with this school of thought despite the fact that it was his student Edward B. Titchener who first coined the term to describe this school of thought.
Functionalism formed as a reaction to the structuralism and was heavily influenced by the work of William James and the evolutionary theory of Charles Darwin. Functionalists sought to explain the mental processes in a more systematic and accurate manner. Rather than focusing on the elements of consciousness, functionalists focused on the purpose of consciousness and behavior. Functionalism also emphasized individual differences, which had a profound impact on education.
Cognitive psychology is a relatively young branch of psychology, yet it has quickly grown to become one of the most popular subfields. Few Practical Application of Cognitive Psychology(Science),Thinking, decision-making/increasing decision making accuracy, problem-solving, learning /structuring educational curricula to enhance learning , attention,Memory/Improving memory, forgetting, and
language acquisition.
But what exactly is cognitive psychology?
What do cognitive psychologists do?
Structuralism was the first school of psychology and focused on breaking down mental processes into the most basic components. Researchers tried to understand the basic elements of consciousness using a method known as introspection. Wilhelm Wundt, founder of the first psychology lab, is often associated with this school of thought despite the fact that it was his student Edward B. Titchener who first coined the term to describe this school of thought.
Functionalism formed as a reaction to the structuralism and was heavily influenced by the work of William James and the evolutionary theory of Charles Darwin. Functionalists sought to explain the mental processes in a more systematic and accurate manner. Rather than focusing on the elements of consciousness, functionalists focused on the purpose of consciousness and behavior. Functionalism also emphasized individual differences, which had a profound impact on education.
When psychology first emerged as a science separate from biology and philosophy, the debate over how to describe and explain the human mind and behavior began.
The different schools of psychology represent the major theories within psychology.
The history of psychology consists of a prescientific and a scientific epoch. The field of psychology as a scientific endeavor is a relatively new discipline, and borders on various other fields.
STRUCTURALISM
SCHOOLS OF PSYCHOLOGY
Ms.Priyanka
Assistant Professor
Department of Psychology
Akal University Talwandi Sabo
Bathinda.
mokhapriyanka30@gmail.com
When psychology first emerged as a science separate from biology and philosophy, the debate over how to describe and explain the human mind and behavior began.
The different schools of psychology represent the major theories within psychology.
The history of psychology consists of a prescientific and a scientific epoch. The field of psychology as a scientific endeavor is a relatively new discipline, and borders on various other fields.
STRUCTURALISM
SCHOOLS OF PSYCHOLOGY
Ms.Priyanka
Assistant Professor
Department of Psychology
Akal University Talwandi Sabo
Bathinda.
mokhapriyanka30@gmail.com
Table of Contents:
- THE EMERGENCE OF PSYCHOLOGY
- DEVELOPMENT OF PSYCHOLOGY
- BASIC SCIENTIFIC PSYCHOLOGICAL SCHOOLS
- STRUCTURALISM
- FUNCTIONALISM
- PSYCHOANALYTIC SCHOOL
- THE STRUCTURE OF THE PSYCHE
- CRITICISM OF PSYCHOANALYSIS
- BEHAVIORISM
- GESTALT PSYCHOLOGY
- HUMANISTIC PSYCHOLOGY
- COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY
- BRANCHES OF PSYCHOLOGY
- RESEARCH METHODS
LVS Consulting is pleased to offer 51 free talks on positive psychology in 2013. This is a sample of a free talk that was given as a keynote. For more information, please visit http://www.lvsconsulting.com/2012/09/06/51-free-talks-on-positive-psychology/ and contact LVS Consulting.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
Francesca Gottschalk from the OECD’s Centre for Educational Research and Innovation presents at the Ask an Expert Webinar: How can education support child empowerment?
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
2. The term psychology comes
from the Greek roots psyche
meaning soul or mind and
logos meaning word or study
3. PSYCHOLOGY=
Science of behavior and
mental processes
Behavior:
*Overt can be directly observed
*Covert cannot be directly observed
Mental Processes:
Internal experiences such as sensations, dreams,
thoughts, and feelings.
4. TO DESCRIBE (What is Happening?)
-Observing a behavior and taking note of
everything that is happening.
TO EXPLAIN (Why is it happening?)
-Behavior is being understood by explaining it.
TO PREDICT (Will it happen again?)
-Determining what will happen in the future
TO CONTROL (How can it be changed?)
-To change a behavior from an undesirable
one to a desirable one.
THEORIES: General explanation of a set of observations or
facts
5. 387 B.C.
Plato believed in innate ideas,
suggest that the brain is the
seat of mental processes.
335 B.C.
Aristotle argued that the heart
is the seat of mental processes.
430 B.C.
Hippocrates believed that mental illness
is caused by the four major bodily
liquids. Black bile
Yellow bile
Phlegm
Blood
6. (1649) Rene Descartes- pineal
gland as a seat of the soul.
John Locke- “Mind at birth
is a blank slate”
Franz Gall-
Phrenology-shape of
a person’s skull reveals
mental faculties and traits
7. 1848
Phineas Gage suffers from brain
damage that alter his personality.
1859
Charles Darwin- On the
Origin of Species by means
of Natural Selection
1869
Francis Galton-
Hereditary Genius
8. Structuralism
-EDWARD TITCHENER
It is focus on studying the
building blocks/structure
of the mind.
Introspection - careful, systematic observations
of one’s own conscious experience
Wilhelm Wundt (1879)
First Experimental Psych
Lab in Leipzig Germany
9. Functionalism (1890)
-William James
Claimed that searching
for building blocks was a
waste of time because brain and
mind are constantly changing.
Focus on looking more at what was
going on in the person’s interaction
with the outside world.
10. This school of thought
emphasized the influence of
the unconscious mind and
childhood experiences on
behavior.
Psychoanalysis: Freud’s method for
treating people with emotional
problems (free association).
Sigmund Freud
Sigmund Freud
11.
12. Ivan Pavlov used
conditioning of dogs to
show that behavior is
learned.
The dogs were
conditioned to salivate
when a tone was
sounded.
13.
14. “The whole is different from the sum
of its parts”.
These theory attempt to describe how
people tend to organize visual
elements into groups or unified
wholes when certain principles are
applied
16. This is bcuseae the
huammn mnid deos
not raed ervey lteter
by istlef, but the word
as a wlohe. Amzanig,
huh?
17. It is focused
on observable behavior
Behaviorist’s believe
people are
controlled by their
environment.
John B. Watson
“I can take a child and
make him into anything, a
beggar, a doctor, a thief.”
18.
19. Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers
Human Potential: Everyone striving
to reach their highest potential.
Client centered approach
20. (1952)
APA: Diagnostic and Statistical
Manual of Mental Disorders
(1963)
Albert Bandura’s bobo doll study
was conducted.
Editor's Notes
We need theories to support our conclusion
concept of Dualism, viewed mind and body as interactive machines.
He focus on what the mind does and how behavior functions
Inspires by the work of charles darwin : how we people adapt to the environment
Unconscious-- Slips of the tongue. Includes the urges, desires and instincts.. Mga nirepressed sa memories
To understand behavior, one must observe it.
Behaviorist school of thought emphasized the environment (nurture), rather than innate biological predispositions (nature)
