This document defines and discusses civil society and social movements. It defines civil society as non-governmental organizations and institutions that represent citizens' interests and will. It notes that NGOs fall under civil society. It also discusses the roles of civil society, including securing citizens' rights and interests, fulfilling economic and social responsibilities, and providing a check on authoritarian governments. The document defines social movements as large informal groups focused on political or social issues, and identifies four types of social movements based on the level of change advocated - individual or societal - and degree of change advocated - minor or radical.