The document discusses various forms of pollution, including acid rain, greenhouse effect, global warming, water pollution, ozone layer depletion, smog, and deforestation, highlighting their causes and consequences. It emphasizes the need for solutions like reducing emissions and treating waste water, as well as international agreements like the Kyoto Protocol to combat global warming. The impacts include climate change and biodiversity loss, necessitating urgent action to address these environmental issues.

1. POLLUTION.
Acid Rain.
Greenhouse Effect.
Global Warming.
Ozono layer depletion.
Water Pollution.
Waste Waters.
Smog.
Deforestation.
1

2. What is Acid Rain?.What is Acid Rain?.
It is caused by oxidize
of nitrogen and dioxide
of sulphur.
Factories, electric
power stations and
petroleum are the
responsable of the acid
rain.
2

3. These contaminated
gases are part of the
water of the clouds.
When it rains pollution
goes to rivers, forests,
lakes, seas, etc.
When it happens, as like
the picture, the
contaminated
precipitation destroy the
forests.
3

4. Solutions.
Reduce the level of
sulphur in fuels.
Control the emissions
of gases in factories.
Reduce the use of coal
and electric power
stations to produce
electricity.
Use hybrid or electric
cars.
Use public
transportation like
buses, subway or tram.
4

5. What is Greenhouse Effect?.
It is caused by carbon
dioxide and methane in
the atmosphere.
These two gases cause
that part of the radiation
of the sun is not going
back again to the
atmosphere.
5

6. From the beginning of
the Industrial Revolution
the level of emissions
has been increased .
Only in the past
decades, population and
countries have been
conscious of the
seriousness of the
problem.
6

7. Kyoto's Protocol
It is a global agreement
to reduce the levels of
gases that are causing
the global warming.
It was signed in 1997 in
the japanese city of
Kyoto.
Countries agreed to
reduce gas emissions.
7

8. The problem is that
USA refused to apply
the protocol and other
countries such as China
and India are not
included . In past
decades, as a
consequence of the
economic development,
China and India
emissions have been
increased a lot.
8

9. What is Global Warming?What is Global Warming?
From the XVIII century
our civilization began to
use massively fossil
fuels as coal and
petroleum
In last 150 years the
global temperature in
the planet has been
increased about one
grade.
9

10. By the year 2050 the
temperature could rise
about two grades.
10

11. Some of the effects of the
global warming:
Climate changes.
Melting of the poles.
Melting of the glaciers.
Floods.
Expansion of some
diseases, parasites as
mosquito, etc.
11

12. The future is tomorrow,
Global warming is now.
12

13. Water PollutionWater Pollution
It is caused by the
humans, factories,
agriculture, ranching,
etc.
The pollution of rivers,
lakes and aquiferous
(underground water).
The pollution of seas
and oceans.
13

14. What are the waste waters?
It is caused by the human
activity.
Waste waters included
the waters from the
bathrooms,
kitchens,washing
machines, the dumps, etc.
 Waste waters are
responsible of the
pollution of the rivers, sea
and oceans.
14

15. The waste waters must
be treated in specialized
water plants before to
return this water to the
rivers or the sea.
In Spain, cities with
more than 10.000 people
must to treat the waste
water.
15

16. Depletion of the ozone layer.
It is caused by the CFC
(molecule of chlorine).
The chlorine cause
athedestruction of the
molecule of ozone in
the atmosphere.
The ozone is basic for
the living in the earth:
the ozone layer filter the
sun radiation.
16

17. The depletion was
discovered in the 80's in
the Antarctica.Since then,
the ”hole” in this zone had
been reduced about 50%.
From the beginning of the
90's we have not used
CFC but we use another
gases that contributes to
global warming.
CFC last in the
atmosphere for 100 years.
17

18. SMOG:The word "smog" was made in the
early 20th century as a portmanteau of the words smoke and fog.
The word refer to what was a serious problem in London from
the 19th century to the mid 20th century. This kind of smog is
caused by the burning of large amounts of coal within a city and
derived from cars emissions and industrial fumes
18

19. Smog in San Francisco, USA
19

20. Smog in New York City, USA
20

21. Smog in Los Angeles, USA
21

22. Smog in Beijing, China
22

23. Smog in Beijing, China
23

24. Smog in Sao Paulo, Brazil
wikipedia 24

25. Where does smog come from?
25

26. Emissions from factories
UCAR 26

27. Emissions from power plants
Scrabbers must be
installed to screen out
sulfur dioxide.
27

28. Emissions from oil and gas wells
1991, Persian Gulf War,
hundreds of oil wells were
burned by Iraqi Forces.
28

29. Emissions from cars and trucks
29

30. Deforestation.
Deforestation is the
removal of a forest
where the land is
thereafter converted to
a non-forest use.
Examples of
deforestation include
conversion of
forestland to farms,
ranches, or urban use.
Tropical rainforests is
where the most
concentrated
deforestation occurs.
30

31. Deforestation occurs for many reasons: trees are cut down to be used or
sold as fuel (sometimes in the form of charcoal) or timber, while cleared
land is used as pasture for livestock, agriculture plantations and settlements.
The removal of trees without sufficient reforestation has resulted in damage
to habitat, biodiversity loss and aridity. It has adverse impacts on
biosequestration (the capture and storage of the atmospheric greenhouse
gas carbon dioxide)of atmospheric carbon dioxide.
31

32. An estimated 7.3 million hectares of
forest, which is roughly the size of
the country of Panama, are lost each
year, according to the United
Nations' Food and Agriculture
Organization (FAO)
32