This document discusses several global environmental issues including acid rain, ozone depletion, the greenhouse effect, and global warming. It provides details on the causes of each issue such as pollution from fossil fuels and industrial activities. The effects of these problems are also outlined, like damage to buildings from acid rain, increased skin cancer risk due to ozone depletion, and rising sea levels due to global warming. Finally, some approaches to mitigate these issues are mentioned, such as reducing emissions and increasing renewable energy and forest coverage.
Environmental Studies,Global environmental Issue, Green House Effect, Acid Rain, Global Warming,Depletion Of Ozone layer, climate Change, causes effects * remedies of global warming, acid rain and green house effect
Greenhouse a building made mainly of glass, with heat & humidity regulated for growing plants. The atmosphere acts like a glass in a greenhouse.
Atmosphere, like glass absorbs some of the long wave radiation emitted by earth and radiates the energy back to earth. In this way temperature of earth is maintained.
The atmosphere surrounding the earth in this manner plays a vital role in maintaining an even temperature on the earth’s surface.
A greenhouse is that body which allows the short wavelength incoming solar radiation to come in, but does not allow the long wave outgoing terrestrial infrared radiation to escape.
Environmental Studies,Global environmental Issue, Green House Effect, Acid Rain, Global Warming,Depletion Of Ozone layer, climate Change, causes effects * remedies of global warming, acid rain and green house effect
Greenhouse a building made mainly of glass, with heat & humidity regulated for growing plants. The atmosphere acts like a glass in a greenhouse.
Atmosphere, like glass absorbs some of the long wave radiation emitted by earth and radiates the energy back to earth. In this way temperature of earth is maintained.
The atmosphere surrounding the earth in this manner plays a vital role in maintaining an even temperature on the earth’s surface.
A greenhouse is that body which allows the short wavelength incoming solar radiation to come in, but does not allow the long wave outgoing terrestrial infrared radiation to escape.
One of the greatest problems that the world is facing today is that of environmental pollution, increasing with every passing year and causing grave and irreparable damage to the earth. Environmental pollution consists of five basic types of pollution, namely, air, water, soil, noise and light.
The greenhouse effect is a process by which thermal radiation from a planetary surface is absorbed by atmospheric greenhouse gases, and is re-radiated in all directions.
green house effect(power point presentation)
prepared by :rishabh sood
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The greenhouse effect is a process that occurs when gases in Earth's atmosphere trap the Sun's heat to make the earth surface warmer leading to global warming.
One of the greatest problems that the world is facing today is that of environmental pollution, increasing with every passing year and causing grave and irreparable damage to the earth. Environmental pollution consists of five basic types of pollution, namely, air, water, soil, noise and light.
The greenhouse effect is a process by which thermal radiation from a planetary surface is absorbed by atmospheric greenhouse gases, and is re-radiated in all directions.
green house effect(power point presentation)
prepared by :rishabh sood
school:k.v palampur
class:11th science
from:palampur(h,p)
for more contact:rishabhsood92@gmail.com
I’m professional presentation maker . These presentations are for sale for 20$ each, if required you can contact me on my gmail id bestpptmaker@gmail.com and you can also suggest me topics for your required presentations
The greenhouse effect is a process that occurs when gases in Earth's atmosphere trap the Sun's heat to make the earth surface warmer leading to global warming.
This slideshow illustrates the increasing population of our world and issues associated in studying population. A special look at the use of graphs and maps in assessing and analyzing these issues was taken. Presentation was shared with an audience of Social Science Teacher Education students as an example for use of Powerpoint, visuals, and problem based learning in the Social Studies classroom.
Green consumption has not gone mass in Malaysia. There is a general lackadaisical attitude when it comes to environmental issues it seems. The question now begets, what makes Malaysians tick when it comes to green.
This is a combined presentation done by me and my friends namely Nidhi Singh, Priyanka Pokharel,Swostina Ranjit and Rubina Khadka. Hope you will like this effort of ours.
P.S. The video might not work.If you want to see the video go to http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PXvpDoGrRGU
The changes in the surface air temperature,reffered to as the global temperature, brought about by the enhanced green house effect, which is enduced by emmission of greenhouse gases into the air.
The problems attract worldwide attention K/a Global Environmental Problems.
The top three environmental problems are: (1) Greenhouse Effect and Global Warming (2) Depletion of Ozone and (3) Acid Rain.
Air Pollution- Definition, Types, Causes, Effects, Control Physics Wallah.pdfPhysics Wallah
Air Pollution is the release of gases, particles, biological molecules, etc. into the air that are harmful to human health and the environment.”
What is Air Pollution?
Air Pollution refers to the undesirable change occurring in air, causing harmful effects on man and domesticated species. The common air pollutants are Dust, Smoke, Carbon monoxide (CO), Ammonia (NH3), Sulphur dioxide (SO2), Hydrogen sulphide (H2S), Nitrogen dioxide (NO2), Hydrogen cyanide, Hydrogen fluorides, Chlorines, Phosgenes, Arsines, Aldehydes, Ozone, Ionising, and radiations. CO2 is not a normal air pollutant. There is 0.03% CO2 in the air; its higher percentage is the cause of greenhouse effect.
Types of Air Pollutants
It is two types :
Primary Air Pollutants:
Air is polluted by poisonous gases and undesirable substances. They are released by burning fossil fuels. These substances are called primary air pollutants. The primary air pollutants are the following :
Sulphur dioxide (SO2).
Benzopyrene (hydrocarbon) is released from cigarette smoke.
Ammonia (NH3).
Oxides of nitrogen.
Carbon monoxide (CO).
Lead (Pb).
Secondary Air Pollutants
Secondary air pollutants are poisonous substances formed from primary air pollutants. In bright sunlight, nitrogen, nitrogen oxides, hydrocarbons, and O2 interact to produce more powerful photochemical oxidants like ozone (O3), peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN), aldehydes, sulphuric acid, peroxides, etc. All these constitute photochemical smog, which retard photosynthesis in plants.
Causes of Air Pollution
Agriculture: Hydrocarbons released by plants, pollen grains, insecticides, etc., cause air pollution.
Dust: Dust in the air is increased by dust storms, wind, volcanoes, automobiles, etc.
Industries: Combustion of fossil fuels like coal, petroleum, etc. Industrial smoke is the main source of pollution.
Automobiles: The combustion of petrol and diesel in automobiles releases harmful gases into the air. They also produce dust.
Ionizing radiations: Ionizing radiations include alpha particles, beta particles and gamma rays. They are released into the air by testing atomic weapons.
Freons: The use of freons and other chloro-fluoro-carbon compounds in refrigerants, coolants, and as filling agents in aerosol also causes pollution.
Aerosols: Aerosols are small particles of all sorts of solid or liquid substances suspended in the air. They block the stomata of plants and prevent the gaseous exchanges between plants and the atmosphere. They may also change the climate of an area.
Effects of Air Pollution
Diseases
Air pollution results in several respiratory disorders and heart diseases in humans. In recent decades, the number of lung cancer cases has increased. Children living near polluted areas are more prone to pneumonia and asthma. Many people die each year due to air pollution's direct or indirect effects.
Global Warming
As a result of greenhouse gas emissions, there is an imbalance in the gaseous composition of the atmosphere. This led to
"Understanding the Carbon Cycle: Processes, Human Impacts, and Strategies for...MMariSelvam4
The carbon cycle is a critical component of Earth's environmental system, governing the movement and transformation of carbon through various reservoirs, including the atmosphere, oceans, soil, and living organisms. This complex cycle involves several key processes such as photosynthesis, respiration, decomposition, and carbon sequestration, each contributing to the regulation of carbon levels on the planet.
Human activities, particularly fossil fuel combustion and deforestation, have significantly altered the natural carbon cycle, leading to increased atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations and driving climate change. Understanding the intricacies of the carbon cycle is essential for assessing the impacts of these changes and developing effective mitigation strategies.
By studying the carbon cycle, scientists can identify carbon sources and sinks, measure carbon fluxes, and predict future trends. This knowledge is crucial for crafting policies aimed at reducing carbon emissions, enhancing carbon storage, and promoting sustainable practices. The carbon cycle's interplay with climate systems, ecosystems, and human activities underscores its importance in maintaining a stable and healthy planet.
In-depth exploration of the carbon cycle reveals the delicate balance required to sustain life and the urgent need to address anthropogenic influences. Through research, education, and policy, we can work towards restoring equilibrium in the carbon cycle and ensuring a sustainable future for generations to come.
Natural farming @ Dr. Siddhartha S. Jena.pptxsidjena70
A brief about organic farming/ Natural farming/ Zero budget natural farming/ Subash Palekar Natural farming which keeps us and environment safe and healthy. Next gen Agricultural practices of chemical free farming.
Willie Nelson Net Worth: A Journey Through Music, Movies, and Business Venturesgreendigital
Willie Nelson is a name that resonates within the world of music and entertainment. Known for his unique voice, and masterful guitar skills. and an extraordinary career spanning several decades. Nelson has become a legend in the country music scene. But, his influence extends far beyond the realm of music. with ventures in acting, writing, activism, and business. This comprehensive article delves into Willie Nelson net worth. exploring the various facets of his career that have contributed to his large fortune.
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Introduction
Willie Nelson net worth is a testament to his enduring influence and success in many fields. Born on April 29, 1933, in Abbott, Texas. Nelson's journey from a humble beginning to becoming one of the most iconic figures in American music is nothing short of inspirational. His net worth, which estimated to be around $25 million as of 2024. reflects a career that is as diverse as it is prolific.
Early Life and Musical Beginnings
Humble Origins
Willie Hugh Nelson was born during the Great Depression. a time of significant economic hardship in the United States. Raised by his grandparents. Nelson found solace and inspiration in music from an early age. His grandmother taught him to play the guitar. setting the stage for what would become an illustrious career.
First Steps in Music
Nelson's initial foray into the music industry was fraught with challenges. He moved to Nashville, Tennessee, to pursue his dreams, but success did not come . Working as a songwriter, Nelson penned hits for other artists. which helped him gain a foothold in the competitive music scene. His songwriting skills contributed to his early earnings. laying the foundation for his net worth.
Rise to Stardom
Breakthrough Albums
The 1970s marked a turning point in Willie Nelson's career. His albums "Shotgun Willie" (1973), "Red Headed Stranger" (1975). and "Stardust" (1978) received critical acclaim and commercial success. These albums not only solidified his position in the country music genre. but also introduced his music to a broader audience. The success of these albums played a crucial role in boosting Willie Nelson net worth.
Iconic Songs
Willie Nelson net worth is also attributed to his extensive catalog of hit songs. Tracks like "Blue Eyes Crying in the Rain," "On the Road Again," and "Always on My Mind" have become timeless classics. These songs have not only earned Nelson large royalties but have also ensured his continued relevance in the music industry.
Acting and Film Career
Hollywood Ventures
In addition to his music career, Willie Nelson has also made a mark in Hollywood. His distinctive personality and on-screen presence have landed him roles in several films and television shows. Notable appearances include roles in "The Electric Horseman" (1979), "Honeysuckle Rose" (1980), and "Barbarosa" (1982). These acting gigs have added a significant amount to Willie Nelson net worth.
Television Appearances
Nelson's char
Characterization and the Kinetics of drying at the drying oven and with micro...Open Access Research Paper
The objective of this work is to contribute to valorization de Nephelium lappaceum by the characterization of kinetics of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum. The seeds were dehydrated until a constant mass respectively in a drying oven and a microwawe oven. The temperatures and the powers of drying are respectively: 50, 60 and 70°C and 140, 280 and 420 W. The results show that the curves of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum do not present a phase of constant kinetics. The coefficients of diffusion vary between 2.09.10-8 to 2.98. 10-8m-2/s in the interval of 50°C at 70°C and between 4.83×10-07 at 9.04×10-07 m-8/s for the powers going of 140 W with 420 W the relation between Arrhenius and a value of energy of activation of 16.49 kJ. mol-1 expressed the effect of the temperature on effective diffusivity.
Micro RNA genes and their likely influence in rice (Oryza sativa L.) dynamic ...Open Access Research Paper
Micro RNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs molecules having approximately 18-25 nucleotides, they are present in both plants and animals genomes. MiRNAs have diverse spatial expression patterns and regulate various developmental metabolisms, stress responses and other physiological processes. The dynamic gene expression playing major roles in phenotypic differences in organisms are believed to be controlled by miRNAs. Mutations in regions of regulatory factors, such as miRNA genes or transcription factors (TF) necessitated by dynamic environmental factors or pathogen infections, have tremendous effects on structure and expression of genes. The resultant novel gene products presents potential explanations for constant evolving desirable traits that have long been bred using conventional means, biotechnology or genetic engineering. Rice grain quality, yield, disease tolerance, climate-resilience and palatability properties are not exceptional to miRN Asmutations effects. There are new insights courtesy of high-throughput sequencing and improved proteomic techniques that organisms’ complexity and adaptations are highly contributed by miRNAs containing regulatory networks. This article aims to expound on how rice miRNAs could be driving evolution of traits and highlight the latest miRNA research progress. Moreover, the review accentuates miRNAs grey areas to be addressed and gives recommendations for further studies.
Diabetes is a rapidly and serious health problem in Pakistan. This chronic condition is associated with serious long-term complications, including higher risk of heart disease and stroke. Aggressive treatment of hypertension and hyperlipideamia can result in a substantial reduction in cardiovascular events in patients with diabetes 1. Consequently pharmacist-led diabetes cardiovascular risk (DCVR) clinics have been established in both primary and secondary care sites in NHS Lothian during the past five years. An audit of the pharmaceutical care delivery at the clinics was conducted in order to evaluate practice and to standardize the pharmacists’ documentation of outcomes. Pharmaceutical care issues (PCI) and patient details were collected both prospectively and retrospectively from three DCVR clinics. The PCI`s were categorized according to a triangularised system consisting of multiple categories. These were ‘checks’, ‘changes’ (‘change in drug therapy process’ and ‘change in drug therapy’), ‘drug therapy problems’ and ‘quality assurance descriptors’ (‘timer perspective’ and ‘degree of change’). A verified medication assessment tool (MAT) for patients with chronic cardiovascular disease was applied to the patients from one of the clinics. The tool was used to quantify PCI`s and pharmacist actions that were centered on implementing or enforcing clinical guideline standards. A database was developed to be used as an assessment tool and to standardize the documentation of achievement of outcomes. Feedback on the audit of the pharmaceutical care delivery and the database was received from the DCVR clinic pharmacist at a focus group meeting.
WRI’s brand new “Food Service Playbook for Promoting Sustainable Food Choices” gives food service operators the very latest strategies for creating dining environments that empower consumers to choose sustainable, plant-rich dishes. This research builds off our first guide for food service, now with industry experience and insights from nearly 350 academic trials.
4. Acid Rain
When the pH of rain water is less than 5.6 , it is called as acid rain.
The natural rain water has pH of 5.6 at 20
0
C due to formation of carbonic acid
due to dissolution of CO2 in water.
CO2 + H2O → H2CO3
Oxygen, nitrogen and sulphur originating from industrial operation and fossil
fuel combustion are the major causes of acid rain formation.
2SO2 + O2 → 2SO3
SO3 + H2O → H2SO4
2NO + O2 → 2NO2
4NO2 + 2H2O + O2 → 4HNO3
Sulphuric acid and nitric acid are the major acid found in the rain water.
The proportion of sulphuric acid ranges from 60 to 70% and that of nitric acid is
30-40%
5. Causes of Acid rain :
SO2 and NOx are mainly responsible for
forming of acid rain. Main source of this
pollutants are
Fossil fuel based power plants
Smelting of sulfide ore
Automobiles exhaust
Industrial plant using sulphuric and nitric acid
6. Effects of acid rain
Effects on building material :
acid rain will cause damage to
common building material such
as limestone and marbles.
CaCO3 + 2H+ → Ca2+ + CO2 + H2O
Many metals get oxidised. Iron
corrodes with the presence
of acid rain to form rust. The
cost of maintenance of iron
structures is high in highly
polluted areas
Fe + 2H+ → Fe2+ + H2
It detoriates surface of points.
7. Effects on Aquatic life :
Aquatic life especially fish are badly affected by lack acidification. Acid rain mobilizes
heavy metals such as calcium & mercury in soil , rock & sediments which are then
leached
out by rain and enter the surface water. Acidified lake have levels of cadmium , lead ,
aluminium , manganese , zinc , copper & nickel . All these can kill living organisms if
present in sufficient quantities.
It disturb the food chain of aquatic ecosystem
It result in reproductive failure
8. Effects on fertility of soil :
Due to high solubility of acidic rain water , plant nutrients like nitrogen ,
phosphorous and potassium gets leached away , which reduces fertility of
soil.
It damages foliage and weakens trees .
It makes trees more susceptible to
stresses like cold temperature ,
drought , etc. Many insects and
fungi are more tolerant to acidic
conditions and hence they can
attack the susceptible trees and
cause diseases.
It also make atmosphere hazy.
9. Control of acid rain
Emission of SO2 and NO2 from industries and power
plants should be reduced by using pollution control
equipments .
Liming of lakes and soil should be done to correct the
adverse effect of acid rain.
10. Ozone Depletion
A layer of ozone (O3) is present in the stratosphere 20-25 km above
the surface of earth. This layer filters our harmful ultraviolet radiation
from the sunlight , thus protects various life from on the earth.
It acts like a natural sunscreen for earth.
Formation of ozone layer: In the stratosphere ozone is continuously created by the
following reaction O2 + hv → O + O
Ultraviolet rays decomposes oxygen in to atomic oxygen by photolytic decomposition.
The atomic oxygen thus farmed rapidly reacts with molecular oxygen to form ozone.
O + O2 + M → O3 + M
( M is a third body necessary to carry away the energy released in the reaction. )
Ozone thus formed distributes itself in the stratosphere and absorb harmful ultraviolet radiation
(200-320nm) and it continuously converted back to molecular oxygen.
O3 + hv → O2 + O
The net result of above reaction is an equilibrium concentration of ozone.
13. Destruction of Ozone
The destruction is mostly caused by chlorofluoro-carbon (CFC).
CCl3F + UV → CCl2F + Cl
(CFC)
2(CCl2F2) + UV → CClF2 + CClF2 + 2Cl
Cl + O3 → ClO + O2
ClO + O → Cl + O2
In above reaction Cl just acts as a catalyst and reappears. It is estimated that one Cl atom
can destroy 1,00,000 ozone molecule in one or two year
16. Chlorofluorocarbon (CFC)
CFC is a combination of carbon , hydrogen , fluorine and chlorine. CFC-11 and CFC-12
Are the most commonly used CFCs.
Use of CFC :
Used as coolants in refrigerators and air conditioners.
Propellants
Cleaning solvents
Stuffing of mattresses.
Ozone-depleting potential (ODP) is the ratio of the impact on ozone caused by a chemical
Compared to the impact of a similar mass of CFC-11. The ODP of CFC-11 is 1.0 .
Nitrous Oxide emitted by supersonic aircrafts , during combustion of
fossil fuel , by action of bacteria and use of nitrogen fertilizers and also breaks ozone
molecules.
17. Effects of Ozone Depletion
UV radiation reaching the earth especially UV-B. It affect DNA
and photosynthetic chemicals. Any changes in mutation and
cancer. Cases of skin cancer which do not cause death but cause
disfigurement.
Easy absorption of UV rays by the lens and cornea of eye will
result in increase in incidents of cataract.
Melanin producing cells of the Epidermis (important for human
immune system) will be destroyed by UV-rays resulting in
immune-suppression.
Phytoplanktons are sensitive to UV exposure. It’s result in
decrease in their population thereby affecting the population of
zooplankton , fish , marine animals , in fact the whole aquatic
food chain.
Yield of vital crops like corn , rice , soyabean , cotton , bean , pea ,
sorghum and wheat will decrease.
Degradation of paints , plastics and other polymer material will
result in economic loss due to effects of UV radiation.
18. Protection of Ozone layer
Even after stopping the production of ozone layer
depletion chemicals , the model indicate that we still will
have to wait 50-100 years for the ozone layer to return to
1985 levels , and another 100-200 years for recovery . So
best method to reduce ozone depletion is substitution of
CFC with chemicals which have low ozone depleting
potential like HCFC , hydrocarbons , ammonia etc.
19. Green house effects
A house of glass is used for raising delicate plants and in cold countries. This house is
called Green House
A green house has higher temperature inside than outside which is due to
Glass walls
High carbon dioxide content and
High water vapour content of the air in the green house.
The natural green house effect is called as enhanced green house effect. While the
green house resulting from pollution is called enhanced green house effect.
20.
21. Green house gases
1) Carbon Dioxide (CO2) : CO2 contribute about 55-60% to global warming from
green house gases produced by human activity.
2) Chlorofluoro carbon (CFC) : CFC contribute about 14-20% to global warming
from green house gases production by human activity.
3) Methane (CH4) : It contribute about 18-20% to global warming from green house
gases produced by human activity.
4) Nitrous oxide (N2O) : It is responsible for 6% of the human input of green house
gases.
22. Impacts of Global warming
Global temperature increase : It is estimated that average temperature of
earth may increase by 1.40C to 5.80C .
Rise in sea level :With increasing global temperature polar ice caps and glaciers
will melt. It will also cause terminal expansion of sea water resulting in further rise in
sea level
Effect on human health: affecting the distribution of vector – Bone diseases
like malaria , filariasis , elephantiasis etc.
Effect on food production : Global warming will reduce crop production due
to increased incidence of plant diseases and pests , explosive growths of weeds.
Other climatic effects: Include unequal distribution of rain which may result in
flooding in some areas and drought in some areas. In temperate region , the summers
will be longer and hotter whereas the winter will be shorter and warmer.
23.
24. Approaches to control Global Warming
1) Reduction in green house gas emission by reducing the use of fossil fuels and by
developing alternative renewable sources of energy like solar energy , wind energy etc.
2) Reduction in N2O emission by minimising the use of nitrogen fertilizers in agriculture.
3) Increase of the vegetation cover , particularity forest as it is sink for CO2 absorption.
4) Phasing out cholofluoro carbon and developing its substitution.
5) Traping and use of methane as fuel.
6) Stabilize population growth.
7) Using energy resources judiciously.
25. International steps for Mitigating
Global Change
a) Montreal Protocol: To limit the production and use of ozone depleting
substances . The participating countries agreed to freeze production of CFC at 1986
level and to reduce production by 50% by 1999 . In 1992 the phase out date for CFCs
and halon entirely was moved up to 1996. Helping the developing countries to
implement use of alternatives to CFCs.
b) Kyoto Protocol: An international conference held in Kyoto , Japan in December ,
1997 , has specified the commitments of different countries to mitigate climate change.
c) Earth summit: The United Nation conference on Environment and Development
(UNCED) , the Earth-summit , held at Rio de Janerio , Brazil in 1992 , established the
principles for reducing greenhouse gas emission.
26. Created By
Name
Jinesh Kamdar
Jasmin Makvana
Sagar Pandya
Kushal Gohel
Ishan Shah
En. No.
160210107024
160210107030
160210107036
160210107015
160210107046