Air pollution is caused by excessive amounts of unwanted gases in the atmosphere from various sources such as vehicles, factories, power plants, and natural sources. The main types of air pollution include smog, acid rain, and greenhouse gases that cause global warming. The effects of air pollution are serious and include health impacts from smog, environmental damage from acid rain, and long-term consequences of global warming such as rising sea levels. One example is the Taj Mahal, where air pollution is discoloring and corroding the white marble monument. Reducing activities that produce air pollution can help prevent further damage.

1. Topic: Air Pollution

2. INDRODUCTION
• Air is essential for life itself,
without it we could survive only a
few minutes.
• It constitutes immediate physical
environment of living organisms

3. What is Air Pollution?
 It is the presence of excessive
amount of unwanted gases in the
atmosphere
 There are several types of
pollution. These include smog,
acid rain and greenhouse effect
etc..

4. Sources of air pollution
mobile sources – such as cars, buses, planes, trucks, and trains
stationary sources – such as power plants, oil refineries, industrial
facilities, and factories
area sources – such as agricultural areas, cities, and wood burning
fireplaces
natural sources – such as wind-blown dust, wildfires, and volcanoes

5. After effects of Air
pollution
Due to air pollution there can be many after effects. These
include:
• SMOG
• ACID RAIN
• GLOBAL WARMING
• GREENHOUSE EFFECT
• DEPLETION OF OZONE LAYER

6. 1.SMOG
 Smog is a type of large scale outdoor
pollution. It is caused by chemical reactions
between pollutants derived from different
sources.
 Cities are often centers of such type of
activities.

7. 2.ACID RAIN
 It is caused when a pollutant is combined
with droplets of water.
 The effects of acid rain on the environment
can be very serious.
 The ecological effects of acid rain are most
clearly seen in aquatic environments, such
as streams, lakes, and marshes where it can
be harmful to fish and other wildlife.

8. 3.GLOBAL WARMING
 Global warming is expected to have far-
reaching, long-lasting and, in many cases,
devastating consequences for planet Earth.
 Global warming, the gradual heating of
Earth's surface, oceans and atmosphere, is
caused by human activity, primarily the
burning of fossil fuels that pump carbon
dioxide (CO2), methane and
other greenhouse gases into the atmosphere.

9. 4.GREENHOUSE EFFECT
 It generally comes from the build up of
carbon dioxide gas in the atmosphere.
Carbon dioxide is formed when fuels are
burned.
 In this type of pollution the sun rays go into
the atmosphere and they are trapped by
greenhouse gases. So the temperature on
the earth rises.

10. 5.DEPLETION OF OZONE
 It is another result of air pollution.
Chemicals released by human activities
affect the stratosphere.
 Release of CFC (Chlorofluorocarbon) from
heating, aerosol cans, refrigerator
equipment removes some of the ozone,
causing holes and thus resulting in the
depletion of the ozone layer.

11. CASE STUDY- TAJ MAHAL
The Taj Mahal is one of the seven wonders of
the world. The white marble of the Taj is
turning yellow due to the deposition of the soot
particles emitted from the industries. The
release of gases like Sulphur dioxide and
nitrogen dioxide leads to formation of acid
rain. Acid rain corrodes the marble of the
monument and causes marble cancer. The
discolouring and corrosion marble is decreasing
the beauty of Taj Mahal.

12. PREVENTION
Actions you can take to reduce air
pollution:
• Switch from coal to cleaner fuels- use
CNG or LPG
• Use public transports
• Turn off the lights when not in use
• Recycle and Reuse
• Avoid usage of crackers
• Implement Afforestation
• Reduce or eliminate fireplace and wood
stove use.
• Avoid burning leaves, trash, and other
materials.
• Avoid using gas-powered lawn and garden
equipment.