Plant food poisioning

2.  There are many plants that cause food
poisoning.
 They causes toxicity by their own/ via
contamination/ by adulteration.
 Plant poisonings include
-CYANOGENIC PLANTS
-SWEET PEA
-PRICKLY POPPY

3.  They contain Amygdalin/ other glycosides
which on hydrolysis releases cyanide traces
 Some of the examples -
GLYCOSIDE CONTAINING AMYGDALIN CONTAINING
Apple Almond
Cassava Apricot
Clove Cherry laurel
Elderberry Peach
Pear Wild cherry

4.  Botanical name- Manihot esculenta
 Second largest carbohydrate crop in the
world
 Popular in Indian states
 Liberates cyanide in the gut when
insufficiently processsed before ingestion
 May result in Tropical ataxic neuropathy
Epidemic spastic parapersis

5.  Cassava in animal studies resulted in Limb
defects, eye defects, microce3phaly, foetal
growth retardation.
 Administartion of sodium thiosulphate
protected foetus from teratogenic effects
 Cyanide level
In blood -1.12 mg/L
In urine – 0.54 mg/L
TREATMENT – Supportive measures,
symptomatic therapy

6.  Amygdalin is a cyanogenic diglycoside which is
non toxic until it is until it is metabolised by
EMULSIN
 They are used as cancer remedies/ vit
supplements.
 Bitter almond is the richest source of amygdalin
i.e., 40-60 seeds yields 70 mg of hydrocyanic
acid to result in sever toxicity/ death.
 Acute toxocities include convulsions, paralysis,
CV collapse, cherry red blood colouration

7. TREATMENT-
 Mild to moderate toxicity- decontamination,
supportive thearpy
 Severe poisoning- Nitrites, thiosulfates
 Oxygen supplementation
 Crystalloids/ vasopressors in hypotensive
condition
 NaHCO3 if required

8.  Chickling pea, Indian pea, Grass pea, Guaya
 Botanical name- Lathyrus sativus
 Used as a cheap substitute of lentils in MP,
UP, Bihar, West bengal

9.  Chronic intake leads to LATHYRISM
,gradually progressing bilateral spastic
paraparesis and finally may result in total
spastic paraplegia.
TREATMENT
Exclusion from diet

10.  Yellow poppy, Mexican poppy
 Botanical name – Argemone mexicana
 Alduterated in place lo mustard oil and other
vegetable oils
 Seeds n oil are more toxix compared to
leaves
 SANGUINARINE
 DIHYDROSANGUINARINE

11.  Acts by resulting in the leakage of protein rich
plasma components of blood leading to
hypovolemia, reduced plasma osmotic pressure
 Destruction of Cyt P450, blocking of hepatic
enzymes, inhibition of DNA RNA polymerases
CLINICAL FEATURES:
 Epidemic dropsy
 Skin- Erythema, pigmnentation, hair loss
 Eye- Glaucoma
 CVS- Palpitations, tachycardia
 RS- Dyspnoea, pulmonary oedema
 Hepatomegaly, reanl impairment
 Normocytic, hypochromic anemias

12. DIAGNOSIS
 Chest x-ray, ECG
 BUN, Creatinine
 Nitric acid test
 Ferric chloride test
 PC, TLC
TREATMENT
 WITHDRAWAL
 Corticosteriods
 Diuretics
 Bed rest, leg elevation, protein rich diet

13. Thank
you